"None of the funds made available by this Act [the FY 2006 Energy
and Water Development Appropriations bill] may be used before March
1, 2006, to enter into an agreement obligating the United States to
contribute funds to ITER, the international burning plasma fusion research
project in which the President announced United States participation
on January 30, 2003." - House Amendment 200 to H.R. 2419
Last night, the House of Representatives agreed by voice vote to the
above amendment offered by House Science Committee Chairman Sherwood
Boehlert (R-NY). Boehlert's amendment to the FY 2006 Energy and Water
Development Appropriations Bill is intended to clarify a major ambiguity
surrounding U.S. participation in ITER: how to pay for the $1+ billion
expected contribution.
Boehlert's amendment, which had the support of House Energy and Water
Development Appropriations Subcommittee Chairman David Hobson (R-OH),
came in the wake of rather pointed language in the committee report
regarding the financial impact that ITER could have on the domestic
fusion program (see http://www.aip.org/fyi/2005/072.html.)
Boehlert's intent is to push the fusion community, the Bush Administration
and Congress to agree on how the fusion program budget will be realigned
before the U.S. signs an agreement with other ITER members.
Boehlert's prepared statement follows below in its entirety. He stated,
"But the fusion community and apparently the appropriators seem
to be saying that the domestic fusion program has to be held harmless
for ITER to move forward. That's simply not realistic, and we cannot
move forward with ITER with that presumption. So we need to decide before
we commit to ITER whether we're willing to make the necessary sacrifices
to pay for it." Hobson replied at the conclusion of Boehlert's
statement: "I share the frustration of the gentleman from New
York [Mr. Boehlert] over how the Department has proposed to fund
the International Fusion Project at the expense of domestic fusion research,
and I will support the gentleman's amendment."
"Let me start by thanking Chairman Hobson for working
with us on this entire bill and on our amendment. I understand that
the amendment will be accepted, and I appreciate that.
"But I do want to explain this amendment because its
purpose is to bring to a head an important issue that might otherwise
be overlooked.
"The Department of Energy is moving ahead with negotiating
U.S. participation in ITER, the international fusion energy project,
which is all to the good. I support U.S. participation in ITER, a
critical experiment that will help determine, finally, if fusion is
a realistic option for energy production. If it is, fusion might go
a long way toward solving our looming energy supply shortfall.
"But ITER is expensive. The U.S. contribution is expected
to exceed $1billion. And I want to make sure that before we commit
a dime to ITER that we have a consensus on how we will find that money.
"I am very, very tired of the U.S. signing on to international
science agreements that we later come to regret. We're then left with
the Hobson's choice - the Chairman will excuse the expression - the
Hobson's choice of either reneging on our international agreement
or funneling money into a project we don't actually need.
"So this time we have a chance to avoid that uncomfortable
choice. We have time to ensure that the Administration and the Congress
and the fusion science community agree on how we're going to pay for
ITER before we sign on the dotted line. And that's exactly what this
amendment is designed to guarantee.
"The amendment says, in effect, that we can't finalize
an agreement on ITER before March 1 of next year. By then we will
have in hand both the proposed ITER agreement and the President's
fiscal 2007 budget request. With that information, we should be able
to determine if there is a consensus on moving forward.
"I don't think there is a consensus now. The Department
of Energy says that ITER is its top science facility priority, and
that other programs, including other fusion programs may have to be
cut to fund it. In any event, the domestic fusion program will have
to change for ITER to move forward. That makes sense to me.
"But the fusion community and apparently the appropriators
seem to be saying that the domestic fusion program has to be held
harmless for ITER to move forward. That's simply not realistic, and
we cannot move forward with ITER with that presumption. So we need
to decide before we commit to ITER whether we're willing to make the
necessary sacrifices to pay for it.
"Again, my amendment will give us time to do that, and
I look forward to working with everyone concerned to try to reach
a consensus. But the U.S. must not finalize an agreement on ITER until
we have consensus on how to pay for it - not just an Administration
plan - a consensus.
"In the meantime, the site selection and planning process
and negotiations on ITER can and should continue. But I will do all
I can to prevent the U.S. from entering into an agreement if no one
is willing to make the sacrifices necessary to pay for it.
"Moving ahead without consensus will mean either reneging
on our agreement or killing other worthy programs within the Office
of Science to pay the disproportionate costs of the fusion program.
Let's avoid that."
"Again, I look forward to working with Chairman Hobson
and everyone concerned with this issue to build a strong and balanced
fusion program"
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