aip.org:history/ead/alaska_chapman/19990060 Finding Aid to the Papers of Sydney Chapman, 1860-1972 This finding aid has been encoded by the Center for History of Physics, American Institute of Physics as part of a collaborative project supported by a grant from the National Endowment of the Humanities, an independent federal agency. Collaboration members in 1999 consisted of: American Institute of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Harvard University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Northwestern University, Rice University, University of Alaska, University of Illinois, and University of Texas. American Institute of Physics. Center for History of Physics.
One Physics Ellipse College Park, MD 20740 nbl@aip.org
Published in 2000 Machine-readable finding aid encoded in EAD v.1.0 by Clay Redding on August 3, 2000 from an existing finding aid using NoteTab Pro and C++ scripts created by James P. Tranowski (provided by Elizabeth Dow, Special Collections, University of Vermont). Any revisions made to this finding aid occurred as part of the editing and encoding process. Reviewed by Rose Speranza, University of Alaska Fairbanks, on September 29, 2000 . Finding aid written in English. May 21, 2008 EAD v1.0 finding aid converted to EAD 2002 using UC Berkeley's eadv1to2002.pl perl script. Description of the Collection Archivist. Alaska and Polar Regions Department, Elmer E. Rasmuson Library, University of Alaska Fairbanks
PO Box 756808 Fairbanks, AK 99775-6080 fyapr@uaf.edu
Papers of Sydney Chapman, 1860-1972 123 boxes (ca. 60 linear feet) Chapman, Sydney, 1888-1970. These papers document the career of Sydney Chapman, who studied geophysics and physics of the upper atmosphere. Chapman served on the faculties of the University of Manchester, Imperial College, Oxford University, and the University of Alaska. He was also a member of research staff of the High Altitude Observatory in Boulder, Colorado. The papers consist of correspondence, lecture notes, photographs, reprints, etc.

See below for information on access and restrictions.

 English Selected Search Terms

These papers have been indexed in the International Catalog of Sources for History of Physics and Allied Sciences (ICOS) using the following terms. Those seeking related materials should search under these terms.

Akasofu, Syun-Ichi. Bartels, Julius, 1899-1964. Cowling, T. G. (Thomas George) Kendall, P. C. (Peter Calvin) Nagata, Takeshi, 1913- Störmer, Carl, 1874- Van Allen, James Alfred, 1914- Vestine, E. H. (Ernest Harry), 1906-1968. Atmospheric pressure -- Measurement. Auroras. Geomagnetism. Geophysics -- International cooperation. Geophysics -- Learned insitutions and societies. Geophysics -- Research. International Geophysical Year, 1957-1958. Physics -- History. Articles. Books. Diagrams. Festschrift. Lecture notes. Motion pictures. Notebooks. Photographs. Reprints. Slides (photographs). Geophysicists -- Archives. Physicists -- Archives. Biography of Sydney Chapman

Physicist (geophysics, physics of the upper atmosphere). On the mathematics and natural philosophy faculty at the University of Manchester (1919-1924); and Imperial College, London (1924-1926); on the natural philosophy faculty at Oxford University (1946-1953); member of research staff, High Altitude Observatory, boulder, Colorado from 1955; on geophysics faculty of the University of Alaska and Advisory Scientific Director of its Geophysical Institute from 1955.

(Written by Dr. Gregory A. Good [Used by permission of the publisher and the author])

CHAPMAN, Sydney (29 January 1888-16 June 1970), geophysicist and applied mathematician, was born in Eccles, Lancashire, near Manchester, England, the son of Joseph Chapman, chief cashier of a textile firm, and Sarah Louisa Gray. He married Katharine Nora Steinthal in 1922. They had three sons and one daughter. Chapman was a religious non-conformist and pacifist early in life, then an evangelical Anglican, and finally progressively less religious. He forswore pacifism to counter fascism during World War Two.

Chapman's early education emphasized mathematics and science. He entered Royal Technical Institute in Lancashire in 1902. He was awarded a competitive scholarship to study at Manchester University, where he earned a B.Sc. with first class honors in engineering in 1907 in mathematics in 1908. At Manchester he studied under well-known scientists Osborne Reynolds, Horace Lamb, and J.E. Littlewood.

In 1908 Chapman moved to Trinity College, Cambridge, on advice from Littlewood that a degree from Cambridge University was necessary if he wished to become a mathematician. As he later reflected, at Cambridge he began to live. He began on partial scholarship (sizarship) and in 1909 was promoted to a full scholarship. He completed his studies and examinations (First Wrangler, 1910) in two years, but a third year was required for the degree (B.A. in Mathematics, 1911). He studied with Joseph Larmor, G.H. Hardy and associated with A.N. Whitehead, Bertrand Russell, and L. Hogben. He also obtained a D.Sc. at Manchester and an M.A. at Cambridge in 1914.

Chapman's ability to see uses for mathematics in physical science characterized his research. His early work with G.H. Hardy at Cambridge concerned non-convergent series. His future was indicated more directly by his simultaneous investigation of gas theory related to the flow of rarefied gases in narrow tubes. In 1916 and 1917 he published a complete theory of non-uniform gases and a study of gas mixtures, predicting thermal diffusion. These results, independently and simultaneously developed by the Swede David Enskog, were later used to separate isotopes. Chapman explored the implications of these results for diffusion in Earth's upper atmosphere, the damping of sound waves, the electrical conductivity of Earth's ionosphere, and the solar corona.

In 1910, before Chapman had completed his degree requirements, the Royal Astronomer, Frank Dyson, selected him as one of his two chief assistants. The other was Arthur Eddington. Dyson assigned Chapman to establish a new geomagnetic observatory at Greenwich. This was his first contact with geomagnetic instruments and measurements. It determined the direction of the rest of his career. This position connected him with the foremost geomagnetic theorist Arthur Schuster, who sat on the Board of Visitors of Greenwich. Chapman held this position until 1914, and from 1916 to 1918.

Chapman's primary research thereafter lay in geomagnetic theory. He changed institutions many times during his career: to Manchester in 1919 as Professor of Mathematics, to Imperial College of Science and Technology in London in 1924 (also as Professor of Mathematics), to Queen's College, Oxford in 1946 as Sedleian Professor of Natural Philosophy, to California Institute of Technology in 1950 as a research associate, to the Geophysical Institute at the University of Alaska in 1951, to the High Altitude Observatory in Boulder, Colorado in 1955, and to the University of Michigan's Institute of Science and Technology as Senior Research Scientist from 1959 to 1965. Indeed, the last three positions were held simultaneously and he traveled extensively as a visiting scientist throughout his career. The common thread among these changes was his investigation of geomagnetism and related phenomena.

Chapman concentrated on theoretical questions to counterbalance others' emphasis on observation. With few exceptions, geomagnetic research had focused on measurement of geomagnetic variables and their mapping on the globe since the 1830s.

In a time when most geomagnetic investigators were minimally trained in physics, Chapman was one of an emerging number of theoretical physicists interested in explaining Earth's magnetic phenomena. He focused early on periodic changes in the geomagnetic field, such as the daily variations due to the Sun and Moon. He simultaneously investigated atmospheric tides, another phenomenon to which series could be applied. His exploration of the role of electrical currents induced in the atmosphere was based on earlier ideas of Balfour Stewart and Arthur Schuster.

By 1918 Chapman had become interested in magnetic storms, sudden disturbances of the magnetic field. Dyson had pointed out to him that these storms recur every 27 days, the period of the Sun's rotation. In the 1920s this interest broadened to solar-terrestrial relations generally. His first theory followed Kristian Birkeland's idea that magnetic storms are caused by the Sun ejecting a stream of particles of one electrical charge. Chapman later developed a theory based on an ejected ionized gas, with both positive and negative ions.

In the late 1920s, the Adams Prize question at Cambridge University was set: to develop a theory of geomagnetic phenomena. This was likely proposed with Chapman in mind. He submitted an essay and won the prize. From 1929, Chapman cooperated on the theory of magnetic storms with his student Vincenzo C.A. Ferraro. Throughout the 1930s, he also worked with Julius Bartels, ultimately publishing the classic two-volume text Geomagnetism, published in 1940.

Chapman received an extraordinary number of honors beyond those already listed. He was a Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge. The Royal Society of London elected him a Fellow in 1919, and awarded him its Royal Medal in 1934 and its Copley Medal in 1964. The American Geophysical Union chose Chapman for its Bowie Medal in 1962, the Royal Meteorological Society for its Symons Memorial Gold Medal in 1965, and the Smithsonian Institution for its Hodgkins Medal in the same year.

Chapman was president at various times of the International Association of Meteorology, International Association for Terrestrial Magnetism and Electricity, International Union for Geodesy and Geophysics, and of the Commission for the International Geophysical Year. He also presided over ten learned societies.

Chapman's simple tastes and austere manner were common knowledge among scientists, as were his persistence, his joy in work, and his love of exercise. He swam and walked every day and rode a bicycle from Montreal to Washington, D.C. in 1939 for the meeting of the IUGG. He published seven books and over four hundred articles and coined the words geomagnetism and aeronomy.

Bibliography

The main collection of Chapman's letters and papers is at the University of Alaska. His scientific career, and especially the details of his geomagnetic research, are discussed in T.G. Cowling, "Sydney Chapman, 1888-1970," Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society, Nov. 1971, 17: 52-89. This includes a nearly complete bibliography of Chapman's publications. Scores of his colleagues offered reminiscences and analyses of Chapman's work in the very useful book: Syun-Ichi Akasofu, Benson Fogle, and Bernhard Haurwitz, eds., Sydney Chapman, Eighty: From his Friends, Boulder, Colorado: National Center for Atmospheric Research and University of Colorado, 1968.

 IGY Organization History

The International Geophysical year has been described by Hugh Odishaw, the man chiefly responsible for organizing the vast American effort, as "the single most significant peaceful activity of mankind since the Renaissance and the Copernican Revolution" [Sullivan 1961:4].

This information is provided only to help the researcher understand the complex relationships present in the collection. For further information, see the bibliography.

Countries Which Participated in the IGY (from Wilson, J. Tuzo. IGY: The Year of the New Moons. Alfred A. Knopf: New York, 1961.)

Argentina; Australia; Austria; Belgium; Bolivia; Brazil; Bulgaria; Burma; Canada; Ceylon; Chile; Colombia; Cuba; Czechoslovakia; Denmark; Dominican Republic; East Africa; Ecuador; Egypt; Ethiopia; Finland; France; German Democratic Republic; German Federal Republic; Ghana; Greece; Guatemala; Hungary; Iceland; India; Indonesia; Iran; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Japan; Jugoslavia; Korea (Democratic People's Republic); Malaya; Mexico; Mongolian People's Republic; Morocco; Netherlands; New Zealand; Norway; Pakistan; Panama; Peru; Philippines; Poland; Portugal; Rhodesia and Nyasaland; Romania; Spain; Sweden; Switzerland; Taiwan (Academia Sinica); Thailand; Tunisia; Union of South Africa; Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; United Kingdom; United States of America; Uruguay; Venezuela; Viet-Nam (Democratic Republic); Viet-Nam (Republic).

A committee formed by the People's Republic of China in September 1955 withdrew in June 1957.

Personnel

Different sources agree overall on the personnel of the various committees; however there are a few variations. These variations may be due to committee changes after time of publication, the year of the list, or other factors. Therefore lists from several sources are included; nearly all the names are represented in the collection.

Bureau of the Comité Spécial de l'Aneé Géophysique Internationale 1957-1958 (CSAGI) (With Dates of Appointment and Bodies Represented)

S. Chapman (U.K.), President, 1953, ICSU L.V. Berkner (U.S.A.), Vice-President, 1952, ICSU M. Nicolet (Belgium), Secretary General, 1952, ICSU V.V. Beloussov (U.S.S.R.), Member, 1955, IUGG J. Coulomb (France), Member, 1952, IUGG

IGY Subjects: Their Reporters, with Dates Of Appointment and the Bodies They Represented

World Days - A.H. Shapley (U.S.A.), 1956, URSI Meteorology - J. van Meighem (Belgium), 1953, WMO Geomagnetism - V. Laursen (Denmark), 1952, IUGG Aurora and Air Glow - S. Chapman (U.K.), 1953, ICSU Ionosphere - W.J.G. Benyon - (U.K.), 1952, URSI Solar Activity - H. Spencer Jones (U.K.), 1953-6, IAU; Y. Ohman (Sweden), 1956-8, IAU; M.A. Ellison (U.K.), 1958, IAU Cosmic Rays - J.A. Simpson (U.S.A.), 1952, IUPAP Longitude and Latitude - A. Danjon (France), 1953, IAU Glaciology - J.M. Wordie (U.K.), 1952, IGU Oceanography - G. Laclavère (France), 1953, IUGG Rockets and Satellites - L.V. Berkner (U.S.A.), 1952, ICSU Seismology - V.V. Beloussov (U.S.S.R.), 1955, IUGG Gravimetry - P. Tardi (France), 1953-6, IUGG; P. Lejay (France), 1956-8, IUGG Nuclear Radiation - M. Nicolet (Belgium), 1952, ICSU

Members of CSAGI, with Dates of Appointment And Bodies They Represented

Bureau Members (see above) Reporters (see above) M. Boelle (Italy), 1953, URSI A.F. Bruun (Denmark), 1955, IUBS E. Herbays (Belgium), 1952, ICSU J. van der Mark (Netherlands), 1956, CCIR B. van der Pol (Netherlands), 1956, CCIR H. Pushkov (U.S.S.R.), 1955, IUG T.E. Schumann (South Africa), 1953, WMO S. Vallarta (Mexico), 1954, IUPAP

International Council of Scientific Unions / Conseil International des Unions Scientifiques (from Guide to International Data Exchange through the World Data Centers (for the period 1960-onwards. Issued by the Comité Internationale de Géophysique through the CIG-IQSY Secretariat. London. November, 1963.)

Comité Internationale Géophysique (International Geophysical Committee)

Bureau President: W.J.G. Benyon (URSI) Bureau Vice-Presidents: V.V. Beloussov (IUGG); M.A. Pomerantz (IUPAP); G. Righini (IAU) Bureau Secretary: G.R. Laclavère World Days Reporter: A.H. Shapley (IUWDS) Meteorology Reporter: W.L. Godson (IUGG) Geomagnetism Reporter: V. Laurensen (IUGG) Air Glow Reporter: D. Barbier (IUGG) Aurora Reporter: J. Patton (IUGG) Ionosphere Reporter: W. Dieminger (URSI) Solar Activity Reporter: R. Michard (IAU) Cosmic Rays Reporter: S.N. Vernov (IUPAP) Longitude and Latitude Reporter: A. Danjon [Co-opted CSAGI Reporters] Glaciology Reporter: G. de Q. Robin (IUGG) Oceanography Reporter: V.G. Kort (IUGG) Seismology Reporter: F. Press (IUGG) Gravimetry Reporter: P. Tardi [Co-opted CSAGI Reporters] Nuclear Radiation Reporter: J. van Mieghem (IUGG) Paleogeophysics Reporter: T. Nagata (IUGG) Aeronomy Reporter: M. Nicolet (IUGG) World Data Center Representative (WDC-A): H. Odishaw World Data Center Representative (WDC-B): V.F. Burkhanov World Data Center Representative (WDC-C): T. Nagata Correspondent for Special Committees (COSPAR): J. Bartels Correspondent for Special Committees (SCAR): G. de Q. Robin Correspondent for Special Committees (SCOR): G.E.R. Deacon

For further information see:

Chapman, Sydney. IGY: Year of Discovery, the Story of the International Geophysical Year. University of Michigan Press: Ann Arbor. 1959. Guide to International Data Exchange through the World Data Centers (for the period 1960-onwards. Issued by the Comité Internationale de Géophysique through the CIG-IQSY Secretariat. London. November, 1963. Sullivan, Walter. Assault on the Unknown: The International Geophysical Year. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc.: New York, Toronto, London. 1961. Wilson, J. Tuzo. IGY: The Year of the New Moons. Alfred A. Knopf: New York. 1961. Scope and Contents of Collection

The Sydney Chapman Papers are organized in eleven series.

Series 1: Correspondence, 1909-1971 (Boxes 1-46)

The Correspondence Series is the largest of the collection, and indicates the wide range of Chapman's personal and professional relationships. Arrangement is alphabetical, primarily by a personal name, but often by a topic.

Incoming and outgoing correspondence have been kept together. It is often difficult to discern why letters are grouped as they are, but careful reading will indicate connections. For example, a folder may have a name as a title but there is no correspondence from or to that person. Instead there are a series of letters about that person, copies of his published articles, notes about his work and perhaps agendas of meetings that he chaired. An additional difficulty is Chapman's habit of writing responses on the back of the incoming letter. It is also possible to find round-robin types of letters in one folder with responses in a different folder.

Brief notes on professional affiliation, topics and correspondents can be found in the note field.

There is additional personal correspondence in Series 7: Personal.

Series 2: International Geophysical Year, 1955-59 (Boxes 47-63)

This series reflects Sydney Chapman's activities as Head of the Special Committee for the IGY. This committee was given the responsibility for planning and organizing the year's observations. Chapman's position involved him in all aspects of the massive scientific and technical investigations. He can be seen in his multiple roles as organizer, scientist, bureaucrat, and politician.

Most of the IGY country reports are to be found in this series and special mention should be made of the "Two China problem".

Series 3. Lectures, 1955-1970 (Boxes 64-70)

The Lecture Notes series contains essentially three types of notes:

a. Notes for university lectures usually graduate level geomagnetism courses. These were given primarily at the University of Alaska and the University of Colorado;

b. Lectures delivered to professional organizations such as NASA research staff and a Lockheed research group;

c. Talks presented to community and civic organizations such as Kiwanis and Knights of Columbus.

Series 4: Book Drafts, 1956-1968 (Boxes 71-75)

Series 4 contains manuscripts of books co-authored by Chapman. They are in various stages of preparation. The three books are an unidentified book with Nagata and:

Solar-Terrestrial Physics: an Account of the Wave and Particle Radiations from the Quiet and Active Sun, of the Consequent Terrestrial Phenomena, with Syun-Ichi Akasofu;

The Mathematical Theory of Non-uniform Gases; an Account of the Kinetic Theory of Viscosity, Thermal Conduction and Diffusion in Gases, with T. G. Cowling.

Series 5: Photographs, 1906-1970 (Boxes 76-77)

The Photograph series consists basically of personal photographs, providing a view of Chapman as a student, scientist, husband, and athlete. A detailed index is available.

The researcher should be aware that there are photographs scattered throughout all the series. These are primarily scientific photographs and have been kept with the material to which they relate.

Series 6: Audiovisual (Boxes 78-80)

This small series contains microfilm, negatives and transparencies.

Series 7: Personal (Boxes 81-85)

This series contains primarily biographical information. This includes some health records, letters to organizations that Chapman belonged to, honors and awards, and copies of biographical dictionary entries.

Included in this section is a copy of Sydney at Eighty, and the letters of birthday greetings that helped make up the Festschrift. Also included are a few personal letters.

Series 8: Reprints 1 (Boxes 86-88)

Series 9: Reprints 2 (Boxes 89-106)

These two series consist of articles from the fields in which Chapman maintained a personal and professional interest. Of special note are the extensive collections by Julius Bartels and Carl Stormer. Many of Chapman's own articles are included; this series is believed to include a copy of everything he published. In addition, there are drafts of works that appear to have never been published.

Materials have been kept in their original order and Chapman's numbers, where available, retained so that the researcher may crosscheck the publications, the finding aid and Chapman's original lists, found in Series 11.

Series 10: Scientific Data, 1889-1914 (Boxes 107-113)

Series 10: Scientific Data consists primarily of barometric pressure readings from various observatories. Included are Eskadalemuir (Scotland), Zikawei (Shangai), Sitka (Alaska), Greenwich (England), and Cheltenham (England).

Series 11: Library (Boxes 114-120)

Alternate Formats of this Collection

Portions of this collection also available in microfilm.

 Access to Collection

No restrictions.

 Restrictions on Use of Collection

No restrictions.

 Provenance and Acquisition Information

The Sydney Chapman Papers arrived at the University of Alaska in the mid-1970s.

 Processing Information

The Sydney Chapman Papers arrived at the University of Alaska in the mid-1970s. They were refoldered and reboxed, and a container list was typed. In 1999, it was decided to microfilm portions of the collection; at that time it became apparent how inadequate the container listing was. The American Institute of Physics, Center for History of Physics provided funding to do additional work with the papers.

Chapman's filing system was quirky and difficult to understand. Original order was maintained where it could be determined, often it had been lost.

Series 1, 2, 4, and 10, are, within the folders, essentially as Chapman arranged them; however, his folder numbering system has been discarded in favor of an alphabetical arrangement. Series 3 is arranged by type of material, then by date. An item by item listing of Series 5: Photographs is available. The Series 8 and 9: Reprints, have been left in Chapman's order; when it was available, the number he assigned each article was included. Series 11: Library contains materials relating to the maintenance and disposition of Chapman's library, a copy of the original finding aid and an intermediary finding aid for Series 1 that serves as a link between the old system and the present finding aid.

Material was removed from original notebooks and foldered, maintaining the original order and description.

 Preferred Citation of Collection

When citing material from this collection please use the following format:

Item, name of collection, box number, series number, folder number, Archives, Alaska and Polar Regions Department, Elmer E. Rasmuson Library, University of Alaska Fairbanks.

Example of citation:

Letter from Chapman to Nicolet, November 8, 1958, Sydney Chapman Papers, Box 13, Series 1, Folder 187, Archives, Alaska and Polar Regions Department, Elmer E. Rasmuson Library, University of Alaska Fairbanks.

 Chapman Acronyms

These are some of the acronyms used in the Chapman Collection.

Association par le development International de l'Observatoire de Nice American Geophysical Union American Institute of Mining Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers [Radio Communications] Comité Internationale Géophysique [International Geophysical Committee] Special Committee for Space Research Comité Spécial de l'Aneé Géophysique Internationale Fellow of the Royal Society High Altitude Observatory International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy International Association of Terrestrial Magnetism and Electricity International Astronomical Union International Council of Scientific Unions International Geophysical Cooperation International Geographical Union International Geophysical Year First International Polar Year Second International Polar Year International Year of the Quiet Sun International Union of Biological Sciences International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics International Union of Pure and Applied Physics National Aeronautics and Space Administration Special Committee for Antarctic Research Special Committee for Oceanographic Research l'Union Radio Scientifique Internationale World Data Center World Meteorological Organization World Magnetic Survey Container List Series I: Correspondence Box 1 Folder 1 A.D.I.O.N. (Note: Association de l'observatoire de Nice.) Box 1 Folder 2 Abbott, W. N. Box 1 Folder 3 Abelson, Philip H. Box 1 Folder 4 Abetti, Giorgio (Note: See also Accademia Nazionale Del Lince; Abetti, Giorgio; IGY Series.) Box 1 Folder 5 Academic Press (Note: London.) Box 1 Folder 6 Accademia Nazionale Del Lince (Note: Vincenzo Arangio-Ruiz; Gino Cassinis; Ernesto Gianni; Mauro Picone; Beniamino Segre.) Box 1 Folder 7 Adam's Prize essay (Note: Sydney Chapman, 1928.) Box 1 Folder 8 Adams, John Benbow Box 1 Folder 9 Adem, J. (Note: Regional Auroral reporter, Institute of Geophysics, Mexico; See also Gall, Ruth. Includes some IGY material.) Box 1 Folder 10 Adkinson, Burt Box 1 Folder 11 Aerospace Corporation (Note: J. F. Blackburn; R. X. Meyer; Everette T. Welmers.) Box 1 Folder 12 AGU Box 1 Folder 13 Akademie-Verlag (Note: Berlin.) Box 1 Folder 14 Akasofu, Shigenori Box 1 Folder 15 Akasofu, Syun-Ichi Box 1 Folder 16 Akasofu, Syun-Ichi Box 1 Folder 17 Akasofu, Syun-Ichi Box 1 Folder 18 Akasofu, Syun-Ichi Box 1 Folder 19 Akasofu, Syun-Ichi Box 2 Folder 20 Akasofu, Syun-Ichi Box 2 Folder 21 Akasofu, Syun-Ichi Box 2 Folder 22 Akasofu, Syun-Ichi Box 2 Folder 23 Akasofu, Syun-Ichi Box 2 Folder 24 Akasofu, Syun-Ichi Box 2 Folder 25 Akasofu, Syun-Ichi Box 2 Folder 26 Akasofu, Syun-Ichi Box 2 Folder 27 Akasofu, Syun-Ichi Box 2 Folder 28 Akasofu, Syun-Ichi Box 2 Folder 29 Akasofu, Syun-Ichi Box 2 Folder 30 Alfven, Hannes (Note: Institute of Technology, Stockholm.) Box 2 Folder 31 Alldredge, Leroy R. (Note: See also: IAGA Commission.) Box 2 Folder 32 Allen, B. W. (Note: Royal Astronomical Society of Canada.) Box 2 Folder 33 Allen, C. W. (Note: University of London Observatory.) Box 3 Folder 34 Aller, Lawrence (Note: Observatory of the University of Michigan.) Box 3 Folder 35 Altman, Yale Box 3 Folder 36 American Chemical Society (Note: J. H. Boyer; Howard Sanders.) Box 3 Folder 37 American Civil Liberties Union Box 3 Folder 38 American Institute of Physics (Note: Publication regulations.) Box 3 Folder 39 American Institute of Physics (Note: W. James King; Hugh C. Wolfe.) Box 3 Folder 40 American Meteorological Society (Note: Alfred K. Blackadar; George P. Cressan; R. C. Franklin; George W. Platzman; Kenneth C. Spengler.) Box 3 Folder 41 American Peoples Press Box 3 Folder 42 American Physical Society (Note: Karl W. Darrow; W. W. Havens Jr.; D. R. Morey; W. A. Nierenberg; C. S. Wu.) Box 3 Folder 43 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (Note: Eric F. Lype.) Box 3 Folder 44 Anderson, Richard Box 3 Folder 45 Antarctica (Note: Articles.) Box 3 Folder 46 Antarctica (Note: Byrd Station; see also Aurora -- correspondence.) Box 3 Folder 47 Arctic and Antarctic (Note: Scientific Institute of the Naval Ministry, Leningrad.) Box 3 Folder 48 Arctic Institute of North America (Note: Robert C. Faylor; John E. Sater.) Box 3 Folder 49 Arkhanguelsky, M. Box 3 Folder 50 Armstrong, R. J. (Note: Francis H. Bowen; R. G. Gosling; University College of the West Indies.) Box 3 Folder 51 Arons, Arnold (Note: Amherst College.) Box 3 Folder 52 Arora, Kasturi L. Box 3 Folder 53 Arthur Stanley Eddingtion Memorial Trust (Note: Howard Diamond; W. B. Harland; W. H. Thorpe.) Box 3 Folder 54 Ashburn, Edward V. (Note: Naval Ordnance Testing Station, China Beach, California.) Box 3 Folder 55 Ashour, Attia A. (Note: Cairo University, Egypt.) Box 4 Folder 56 Associated Universities, Inc. (Note: Re: Chapman's library.) Box 4 Folder 57 Astronomical Society of the Pacific Box 4 Folder 58 Athay, Grant (Note: HAO) Box 4 Folder 59 Athenaeum (Note: Re: membership fees. See also: Royal Society.) Box 4 Folder 60 Atkinson, E. A. (Note: Indiana University, Bloomington.) Box 4 Folder 61 Aurora and Cirrus Clouds (Note: R. Penndorf. See also: Aurora.) Box 4 Folder 62 Auroral Camera (Note: Akasofu, Syun-Ichi.) Box 4 Folder 63 Auroral History (Note: de Mairan.) Box 4 Folder 64 Auroral Photographs (Note: C. W. Gartlein; F. Jacka; J. Paton; O. Schneider; A. M. van Wijik.) Box 4 Folder 65 Auroral Photography Box 4 Folder 66 Auroral Quotations Box 4 Folder 67 Auroral Sounds (Note: E. V. Pemberton; Walter Orr Roberts.) Box 4 Folder 68 Australian Research Grants Committee Box 4 Folder 69 Austrian Mathematical Society Box 4 Folder 70 Bailey, Dana K. (Note: National Bureau of Standards.) Box 4 Folder 71 Bailey, V. A. and Joyce Box 4 Folder 72 Baker, Mike (Note: ICSU and CIG publications.) Box 4 Folder 73 Ball lightning. (Note: J. Dale Barry, UCLA.) Box 4 Folder 74 Balmer, Heinz (Note: Berne, Switzerland.) Box 4 Folder 75 Balzan Prize (Note: Vincenzo Arangio-Ruiz. See also Zwicky, Fritz.) Box 4 Folder 76 Bammer, Anton (Note: University of Vienna.) Box 4 Folder 77 Banerji, A. C. Box 4 Folder 78 Barber, D. R. Box 4 Folder 79 Barbier, Daniel Box 4 Folder 80 Barnes, T. G. (Note: Schellenger Research Laboratories, El Paso.) Box 4 Folder 81 Barographs and tide tables (Note: Coast and Geodetic Survey.) Box 4 Folder 82 Barrow, Colin (Note: Florida State University.) Box 4 Folder 83 Bartels, Julius (Note: Correspondence) Box 4 Folder 84 Bartels, Julius (Note: Correspondence.) Box 4 Folder 85 Bartels, Julius (Note: Obituaries.) Box 4 Folder 86 Bartlett, E. L. (Note: Senator from Alaska.) Box 5 Folder 87 Basler III, Ray Prentice (Note: University of Alaska.) Box 5 Folder 88 Bates, David R. (Note: Queens University of Belfast.) Box 5 Folder 89 Bates, David R. (Note: Re: book with Chapman and Massey on the upper atmosphere.) Box 5 Folder 90 Bates, Howard F. (Note: University of Alaska.) Box 5 Folder 91 Batlan, Louis J. (Note: American Association for the Advancement of Science.) Box 5 Folder 92 BBC (Note: British Broadcasting Corporation.) Box 5 Folder 93 Bean, Bradford R. (Note: National Bureau of Standards.) Box 5 Folder 94 Beard, David B. (Note: NASA.) Box 5 Folder 95 Beckmann, Petr (Note: Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences.) Box 5 Folder 96 Bednarova-Novakova, Bohumila (Note: Czech Academy of Geophysical Studies.) Box 5 Folder 97 Beistline, Earl H. (Note: University of Alaska.) Box 5 Folder 98 Beloussov, V. V. (Note: Includes photographs.) Box 5 Folder 99 Beloussov, V. V. (Note: Academy of Sciences of the USSR.) Box 5 Folder 100 Benson, Carl (Note: University of Alaska.) Box 5 Folder 101 Berkner, L. V. Box 5 Folder 102 Beynon, W. J. G. (Note: University College of Wales; ICSU; IQSY. See also IGY Series.) Box 5 Folder 103 Bhar, J. N. (Note: Indian Academy of Science.) Box 5 Folder 104 Bhargava, B. N. (Note: Colaba and Alibaq Observatories.) Box 5 Folder 105 Billings, Donald (Note: University of Michigan Ann Arbor.) Box 5 Folder 106 Birkeland Symposium (Note: Norwegian Academy of Sciences and Letters, 1967.) Box 5 Folder 107 Blacksburg Conference (Note: Physics of the Solar System and Reentry Dynamics, 1961.) Box 5 Folder 108 Blackwell, D. E. (Note: The Observatories, Cambridge, England.) Box 5 Folder 109 Blake, Roger (Note: University of Alaska.) Box 5 Folder 110 Blake, Roger Box 5 Folder 111 Blankenship, L. Vaughn (Note: University of California Berkeley.) Box 5 Folder 112 Bloomer, John H. (Note: Orbiting Eyeball Project (telescope).) Box 6 Folder 113 Bloomer, John H. (Note: Orbiting Eyeball Project (telescope).) Box 6 Folder 114 Blumen, W. Box 6 Folder 115 Bockelman, Charles K. (Note: Re: thesis by Laurence J. Victor.) Box 6 Folder 116 Bogoliubov, N. N. (Note: Russian edition of Chapman & Cowling's "Mathematical Theory of Non-uniform Gasses".) Box 6 Folder 117 Bolton, John G. (Note: California Institute of Technology.) Box 6 Folder 118 Bondi, H. (Note: Royal Astronomical Society of London.) Box 6 Folder 119 Book catalogs Box 6 Folder 120 Books and periodicals (Note: Re: Chapman's library.) Box 6 Folder 121 Bork, Alfred M. (Note: Harvard University.) Box 6 Folder 122 Bossolasco, Mario (Note: Genoa University.) Box 6 Folder 123 Boston College (Note: B. E. Brunelli; Robert L. Caravillano; William G. Guindon.) Box 6 Folder 124 Boston University (Note: Michael D. Papagiannis.) Box 6 Folder 125 Botley, Cicley M. (Note: Aurora and ball lightening.) Box 6 Folder 126 Bowen, D. M. T. (Note: University of Newcastle Upon Tyne.) Box 6 Folder 127 Boyd, J. A. (Note: Institute of Science and Technology, University of Michigan.) Box 6 Folder 128 Boyko, H. (Note: International Commission for Ecology.) Box 6 Folder 129 Bragg, Lawrence (Note: Royal Institution, London.) Box 6 Folder 130 Brier, Glenn W. (Note: U.S. Weather Bureau.) Box 6 Folder 131 British Association for the Advancement of Science Box 6 Folder 132 British Columbia (Note: I. M. T. Cowan; A. J. Wood.) Box 6 Folder 133 British Council Box 6 Folder 134 British Embassy Box 6 Folder 135 Brittin, Wesley E. (Note: University of Colorado Boulder.) Box 6 Folder 136 Bruce, Charles E. R. Box 6 Folder 137 Bruce, Charles E. R. (Note: Electric Research Association.) Box 7 Folder 138 Bruce, Charles E. R. Box 7 Folder 139 Bruce, Charles E. R. Box 7 Folder 140 Bruggencate, Paul ten (Note: George-August University, Gottingen.) Box 7 Folder 141 Brunel University (Note: James Topping.) Box 7 Folder 142 Brush, Stephen G. Box 7 Folder 143 Bullard, E. C. (Note: University of Cambridge.) Box 7 Folder 144 Bullen, K. E. (Note: University of Sydney.) Box 7 Folder 145 Bulletin of Atomic Scientists (Note: Re: Chapman's essay on international cooperation and the IGY.) Box 7 Folder 146 Buneman, Oscar (Note: Stanford Electronics Laboratory.) Box 7 Folder 147 Burgers, Jan M. (Note: University of Maryland.) Box 7 Folder 148 Burgess, Alan (Note: Cambridge, England.) Box 7 Folder 149 Burkhard, Donald G. (Note: University of Georgia.) Box 7 Folder 150 Burnett, David (Note: HAO.) Box 7 Folder 151 C.I.G. (Note: Re: Annals of the IGY.) Box 7 Folder 152 Cahill, L. J. (Note: University of New Hampshire.) Box 7 Folder 153 Cain, Donald G. (Note: Re: film on the aurora for NASA.) Box 8 Folder 154 Cain, Joseph C. (Note: Re: digital center for geomagnetism and World Magnetic Center. V. Laursen; Kenneth Michlovitz; K. S. Raja Rao; V. A. Sarabhai; C. Sucksdorff . See also the IGY series.) Box 8 Folder 155 Cambridge House Box 8 Folder 156 Cambridge Philosophical Society Box 8 Folder 157 Cambridge Preservation Society Box 8 Folder 158 Cambridge University (Note: Department of Geodesy and Geophysics -- annual reports.) Box 8 Folder 159 Campbell, Wallace H. (Note: University of Alaska.) Box 8 Folder 160 Candan, Salih Box 8 Folder 161 Capron, John Rand Box 8 Folder 162 Cardus, J. O. (Note: IAGA; Antonio Romana.) Box 8 Folder 163 Carmichael, Hugh (Note: Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd.) Box 8 Folder 164 Carnegie Institution (Note: Department of Terrestrial Magnetism.) Box 8 Folder 165 Carstoiu, John (Note: See also: E. J. Chernofsky; Met-Aeron AGU; Walter Roberts [ 486, 135 & 100]; Space Science Inc. and Sylvania Electronics System.) Box 8 Folder 166 Central Radio Propagation Laboratory (Note: Publications list, 1954-63.) Box 8 Folder 167 Chamberlain, Joseph W. (Note: Kitt Peak National Observatory.) Box 8 Folder 168 Chambers Encyclopaedia (Note: Re: articles on magnetism and kinetic theory.) Box 8 Folder 169 Chandra, Umesh (Note: Banaras Hindu University.) Box 8 Folder 170 Chang, C. C. (Note: Catholic University of America. Re: Chapman's article on ring current geomagnetic storms and aurora.) Box 8 Folder 171 Chao, Jih Kwim (Jerry) (Note: Massachusetts Institute of Technology.) Box 8 Folder 172 Chargoy, Anselmo (Note: Instituto of Geophysics, Mexico.) Box 8 Folder 173 Charlesworth, John H. Box 8 Folder 174 Charney, Jule G. (Note: MIT.) Box 8 Folder 175 Chasson, Robert L. (Note: University of Denver.) Box 8 Folder 176 Chaudhuri, Dwaipayan Box 8 Folder 177 Chernosky, E. J. (Note: Lunar Committee; Joseph G. Cain. See also Cardus, J. O.; Miegham, Juan; Roberts, Walter Orr; Schneider, Otto; Thomas, Victor J.) Box 8 Folder 178 Chernosky, E. J. (Note: Lunar Committee.) Box 8 Folder 179 Chiu, Wan-Cheng Box 8 Folder 180 Chopra, K. P. (Note: Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn.) Box 9 Folder 181 Church, Phil (Note: University of Washington.) Box 9 Folder 182 Clarenden Press, Oxford (Note: Re: Geomagnetism.) Box 9 Folder 183 Clarke, Norman (Note: Institute of Mathematics and It's Applications.) Box 9 Folder 184 Climax coronograph picture (Note: See also: British Association; IGY Series.) Box 9 Folder 185 Clusius, Klaus (Note: University of Zurich; L. Wegmann.) Box 9 Folder 186 Cobbell, William Box 9 Folder 187 Cockerell, Theodore Dru Alison Box 9 Folder 188 Cohen, Robert (Note: URSI.) Box 9 Folder 189 Cole, Henry (Note: See also: Stolov, Harold.) Box 9 Folder 190 Cole, Keith D. (Note: University of Colorado.) Box 9 Folder 191 Coleman, John S. Box 9 Folder 192 Collier's Encyclopedia Box 9 Folder 193 Computing Machines Box 9 Folder 194 Condon Box 9 Folder 195 Conference on Chemical and Dynamic Aeronomy (Note: Air Force Cambridge Research Center, 1957.) Box 9 Folder 196 Cooper, Robert (Note: HAO.) Box 9 Folder 197 Corbett, Jean Box 9 Folder 198 Corfu's Summer School on Upper Atmosphere (Note: Program run under auspices of NATO's Science Committee.) Box 9 Folder 199 Cornwall, John M. (Note: Aerospace Corporation.) Box 9 Folder 200 Coronal notes Box 9 Folder 201 Cosmic Ray Conference (Note: Midwest, 1959.) Box 9 Folder 202 COSPAR Box 9 Folder 203 Costello, Agnes (Note: University of Iowa.) Box 9 Folder 204 Cottrell, T. L. (Note: University of Edinburgh.) Box 9 Folder 205 Coulomb, Jean (Note: Directeur des Annals de Geophysique. See also: Paris University.) Box 9 Folder 206 Coulson, C. A. (Note: M. Amer.) Box 9 Folder 207 Cowling, T. G. Box 9 Folder 208 Cowling, T. G. Box 9 Folder 209 Cowling, T. G. Box 9 Folder 210 Cowling, T. G. Box 10 Folder 211 Craig, R. A. Box 10 Folder 212 Craigie, Sir William Box 10 Folder 213 Crawford, David & Winnie Box 10 Folder 214 Cresswell, George Box 10 Folder 215 Crevensten, Daniel C. Box 10 Folder 216 Croix, Geoffrey Box 10 Folder 217 Crowell, Rhoda M. Box 10 Folder 218 CSIRO Box 10 Folder 219 Cumming, C. (Note: Colloquium on Photochemical Processes in the Stratosphere and Mesosphere, Quebec.) Box 10 Folder 220 Current Science Association (Note: Bangalore.) Box 10 Folder 221 Cutler, Howard Box 10 Folder 222 Cutolo, Mario (Note: Instituto di Fisica e Fisica Tecnica Dell' Universita, Naples.) Box 10 Folder 223 Dalgarno, Alec Box 10 Folder 224 Danes, Z. F. Box 10 Folder 225 Dansk Meteorlogisk Institut (Note: J. Egedal.) Box 10 Folder 226 Darwin, C. Box 10 Folder 227 Davenport, H. Box 10 Folder 228 Davis, Nell Box 10 Folder 229 Dawson, John Box 10 Folder 230 de Jager, C. (Note: Space Science Reviews, Utrecht, Holland. See also: IAGA, Utrecht; Reidel Publishing Co.)#0231 de Mairan (Note: Filmstrips.) Box 10 Folder 232 de Mendonca, Fernando Box 10 Folder 233 de Witt, Ron (Note: Photo images.) Box 10 Folder 234 Deirmendjian, D. Box 10 Folder 235 Denisse, J. F. Box 10 Folder 236 Dessler, A. J. (Note: Syun-Ichi Akasofu.) Box 10 Folder 237 Deutshce Akademie Der Naturforscher Leopoldina Box 10 Folder 238 Devlin, Father James J. Box 10 Folder 239 deWitt, Ron Box 10 Folder 240 Dictionary of Physics (Note: Pergamon Press, 1958.) Box 11 Folder 241 Dieminger, W. (Note: Max Planck Institute Fur Aeronomie.) Box 11 Folder 242 Dingle, Herbert Box 11 Folder 243 Distribution Tables and Graphs Box 11 Folder 244 Disturbance Box 11 Folder 245 Dodson Prince, Helen Box 11 Folder 246 Donahue, L. F. Box 11 Folder 247 Donahue, T. M. Box 11 Folder 248 Dore, Paolo Box 11 Folder 249 Dover Publications Inc. (Note: Hayward Cirker, President.) Box 11 Folder 250 Dow, W. G. Box 11 Folder 251 Drake, Stillman (Note: Doubleday Publications.) Box 11 Folder 252 Driscoll, Robert Box 11 Folder 253 Droessler, Earl. G. (Note: Atmospheric Sciences, National Science Foundation. See also: Electronic density; Onwumechilli; Sugiura, Masahisa.) Box 11 Folder 254 Drukarev, G. Box 11 Folder 255 DSIR Box 11 Folder 256 DSIR Box 11 Folder 257 Dudley, H. C. Box 11 Folder 258 Duffus, John (Note: R. Heacock.) Box 11 Folder 259 Duling, Mary Box 11 Folder 260 Dungey, J. W. Box 11 Folder 261 Dunham, K. C. Box 11 Folder 262 Dunn, C. N. (Note: H. J. Oskam.) Box 11 Folder 263 Duperier, Arturo Box 11 Folder 264 Dutsch, Hans U. Box 11 Folder 265 Dyer, E. R. (Note: Executive Secretary, IQSY.) Box 12 Folder 266 Earth (Note: Proposed program for Lunar Committee.) Box 12 Folder 267 Earth geomagnetism Box 12 Folder 268 Earthquake Research Institute (Note: University of Tokyo, 1962.) Box 12 Folder 269 East Germany trip (Note: 1962.) Box 12 Folder 270 Edwards Bros. Inc., Publishers (Note: Martin H. Edwards.) Box 12 Folder 271 Electrical Research Association Laboratory (Note: Surrey, England.) Box 12 Folder 272 Electron Density (Note: "Whistlers" & VLF emissions.) Box 12 Folder 273 Ellison, M. A. (Note: Dr. John H. Reid.) Box 12 Folder 274 Elvey, C. T. (Note: To be created.) Box 12 Folder 275 Elvey, C. T. </