PACS 2001- Alphabetical Listing

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PACS 2001 ALPHABETIC INDEX

A
A15 compounds and alloys, 74.70.A
Aberrations, optical, 42.15.F
Ab initio calculations (atomic and molecular physics), 31.15.A
Ablation
film deposition, 81.15.F
laser radiation effects, 79.20.D
in plasmas, 52.38.P
Abrasion
materials, 81.40.P
mechanics, 46.55
Absorption
acoustical
architectural acoustics, *43.55.E, N
linear acoustics, *43.20.H
nonlinear acoustics, *43.25.E
underwater, *43.30.E, K
of electromagnetic radiation
in Earth's atmosphere, 42.68.A, 94.10.G
in plasmas, 52.25.O
of laser light in plasmas, 52.38.D
neutron, 28.20.F
optical, 42.25.B
of particles in plasmas, 52.25.T
of photons by nuclei, 25.20.D
Absorption coefficients, optical, 78.20.C
Absorption edges, x-ray, 78.70.D
Absorption spectra
atoms, 32.30
biomolecules, 87.15.M
clusters, 36.40.M
excitons, 71.35.C
macro- and polymer molecules, 36.20.K
molecules, 33.20
solids and liquids, 78.40
Absorption spectroscopy
biophysics, 87.64.N
chemical analysis, 82.80.D
instrumentation, 07.57.T, 07.60.R
Abstraction reactions, 82.30.H
Accelerated beams, in plasmas, 52.59.B, F
Accelerated plasmas, 52.59.D
Acceleration
biological effects of, 87.65
laser-driven, 41.75.J
by laser-plasma interactions, 52.38.K
measurement of, 06.30.G
of particles in interplanetary space, 96.50.P
Accelerators
advanced concepts, 41.75.L
collective and linear, 29.17
cyclic, 29.20
electrostatic, 29.17
for radiation therapy, 87.56.B
Accidents (nuclear reactors), 28.41.T
Accommodation, gas dynamics, 47.45.N
Accretion and accretion disks
galactic, 98.62.M
Milky Way, 98.35.N
stellar, 97.10.G
Acoustical holography, *43.35.S, *43.60.S
Acoustical instruments and techniques, 07.64, 43.58
Acoustical properties
gases, 51.40
liquids, 62.60
rocks and minerals, 91.60.L
solids, 62.65
solid surfaces and interfaces, 68.35.I
superconductors, 74.25.L
thin films, *43.35.N, 68.60.B
Acoustic emission, *43.40.L
Acoustic force microscopy, 68.37.T
Acoustic impedance, *43.20.R
architectural acoustics, *43.55.E
of ground, snow, and ice, *43.28.E
Acoustics
architectural, 43.55
atmospheric, 43.28
numerical methods for, *43.28.J
statistical characteristics, *43.28.L
biological, 43.80
linear, 43.20
nonlinear, 43.25
physiological, 43.64
psychological, 43.66
ray, *43.20.D
structural, 43.40
underwater, 43.30
Acoustic signal processing, 43.60
Acoustic streaming, *43.25.N
Acoustic transduction, 43.38
Acousto-electric effects
conductivity phenomena, 72.50
piezoelectrics, 77.65.D
thin films, 73.50.R
Acousto-optical devices, 42.79.J
Acousto-optical effects, *43.35.S, 78.20.H
Activation analysis, radiochemical, 82.80.J
Adaptation, visual
color, 42.66.N
light, 42.66.L
Adaptive optical systems
astronomy, 95.75.Q
atmospheric optics, 42.68.W
Adhesion
interfacial flow, 83.50.L
solid surfaces and interfaces, 68.35.N
structural mechanics, 46.55
Admittance measurement, 84.37
Adsorbates
assemblies of, 68.43.H
diffusion, 68.43.J
electron states, 73.20.H
femtochemistry of, 82.53.S
photoelectron spectra, 79.60.D
statistical mechanics of, 68.43.D
structure and reactions, 68.43.B, F
vibrations, 68.43.P
Adsorption
fluid surfaces, 68.03
quantum fluids, 67.70
solid surfaces, 68.43
Aeroacoustics, 43.28
Aerodynamics, 47.85.G
Aeroelasticity, 46.40.J
Aerogels, reactions in, 82.33.L
Aeronomy. See 94
Aerosols
atmospheric optics, 42.68.J
materials synthesis, 81.20.R
meteorology, 92.60.M
oceanography, 92.20.B
physical chemistry, 82.70.R
Aerospace bio- and medical physics, 87.65
Africa, 93.30.B
Afterglow (plasma reactions), 82.33.X
Aggregation
cellular, 87.18.E
diffusion-limited, 61.43.H
macromolecules, 87.15.N
Aging, materials, 81.40.C
Aharonov–Bohm effect, 72.15.R
Airglow, 94.10.R
Air pollution
atmospheric chemistry, 82.33.T
atmospheric optics, 42.68.K
meteorology, 92.60.S
Alfven waves, 52.35.B
Algebra
Lie, 02.20.S
linear, 02.10.U
matrix, 02.10.Y
Algebraic geometry, 02.10
? Algebraic groups, 02.20.H
Algebraic methods
in quantum mechanics, 03.65.F
in string theory, 11.25.H
Algebraic rings, 02.10.H
Algebraic structures, 02.10.D
Algebraic topology, 02.40.R
Alkali halides, photoluminescence of, 78.55.F
Alkali metals, electronic structure of, 71.20.D
Alloys
absorption spectra, 78.40.K
diamagnetism and paramagnetism, 75.20.E
electronic conduction
bulk matter, 72.15.C, E
liquid, 72.15.C
thin films, 73.61.A
electronic structure, 71.20.B, E, G
fabrication, 81.05.B
impurity and defect levels, 71.55.A
infrared and Raman spectra, 78.30.E
local magnetic moment, 75.20.H
magnetic materials, 75.50
optical properties of thin films, 78.66.B
phase diagrams, 81.30.B
radiation effects, 61.82.B
self-diffusion, 66.30.F
structure
amorphous, 61.43.D
crystalline, 61.66.D
liquid, 61.25.M
superconducting, 74.70
Alpha Cygni stars, 97.30.D
Alpha decay, 23.60
Alpha-particle-induced nuclear reactions, 25.55
Amorphous magnetic materials, 75.50.K
Amorphous metals and alloys
electrical and thermal conductivity, 72.15.C
electron density of states, 71.23
photoelectron spectra, 79.60.H
structure, 61.43.D
thermal properties, 65.60
Amorphous semiconductors
electronic structure, 71.23.C
fabrication, 81.05.G
impurity and defect levels, 71.55.J
infrared and Raman spectra, 78.30.L
photoelectron spectra, 79.60.H
structure, 61.43.D
synthesis, 81.05.G
thermal properties, 65.60
thin films
electrical conductivity, 73.61.J
optical properties, 78.66.J
Amorphous superconductors, 74.80.B
Amphiphilic systems, 82.70.U
Amplifiers
electronic, 84.30.L
laser, 42.60.D
optical parametric, 42.65.Y
Analytic spaces, 02.30.F
Anchoring (liquid crystals), 61.30.H
Anderson localization
conductivity in metals and alloys, 72.15.R
disordered solids, 71.23.A
hopping transport, 72.20.E
surface and interface states, 73.20.F
Anelasticity
materials treatment effects on, 81.40.J
mechanical properties of solids, 62.40
Anemometry, 47.80, 93.85
Angiography
magnetic resonance imaging, 87.61.L
x-ray imaging, 87.59.D
Angles, measurement of, 06.30.B
Angular velocity measurement, 06.30.G
Anharmonic lattice modes, 63.20.R
Annealing
crystal defects, 61.72.C
effects on microstructure, 81.40.E
magnetic, 75.60.N
Announcements, 01.10.C
Anodization, 82.45.F
Anoxic environments, oceanography, 92.20.H
Antarctica, 93.30.C
Antennas, 84.40.B
plasma interactions with, 52.40.F
Anthropology, 89.65.E
Antibunched photon states, 42.50.D
Antiferroelectricity, 77.80
Antiferroelectric materials, 77.84
Antiferromagnetic materials, 75.50.E
Antiferromagnetic resonance, 76.50
Antiphase boundaries, 81.30
Antiproton-induced reactions, 25.43
Antireflection coatings, 42.79.W
Anyons
electronic structure, 71.10.P
quantum statistical mechanics, 05.30.P
superconductivity, 74.20.M
Apertures, optical, 42.79.A
Apodization, 42.15.E
APW calculations, 71.15.A
Arc discharges, 52.80.M
Archaeoastronomy, 95.90
Archeomagnetism, 91.25.D
Architectural acoustics, 43.55
Arctic Ocean, 93.30.L
Arc welding, 52.77.F
Arms control, 89.20.D
Arrays
fiber optical, 42.81.Q
integrated optics, 42.82.E
laser, 42.60.D
solar cells, 84.60.J
Artificial intelligence, 07.05.M
Artificial satellites, 07.87, 95.40, 95.55.P
Ash deposits, 91.40.B
Asia, 93.30.D
Associated liquids, structure of, 61.20.Q
Association reactions, chemical, 82.30.N
Associative rings and algebras, 02.10.H
Asteroids, 96.30.Y
Astrometric binary stars, 97.80.A
Astrometry, 95.10.J
instrumentation, 95.55.B
Astron (magnetic trap), 52.55.L
Astronomy
databases, 95.80
fundamental, 95.10
historical, 95.90
Astrophysical plasma, 95.30.Q
laboratory studies, 52.72
Astrophysics, fundamental aspects, 95.30
Atlantic Ocean, 93.30.M
Atmosphere
Earth
effects of volcanic eruptions, 91.40.D
global change, 92.70.C
ionosphere, 94.20
magnetosphere, 94.30
neutral, 94.10
troposphere, 92.60
Moon, 96.20.D
planetary, 96.35.H, K
stellar, 97.10.E
Atmosphere/ocean/Earth interaction, 91.10.V
Atmospheric acoustics, 43.28
Atmospheric chemistry, 82.33.T
meteorology, 92.60.H
neutral atmosphere, 94.10.F
Atmospheric electricity
in Earth's atmosphere, 92.60.P
in plasmas, 52.80.M
Atmospheric ion precipitation, 94.20.Q, 94.30.H
Atmospheric optics, 42.68
Atmospheric pressure, 94.10.D
Atmospheric sound, 43.28
Atomic beam epitaxy, 81.15.H
Atomic beams
chemical reactions, 34.50.L
detectors for, 07.77
interactions with solids, 79.20.R
irradiation effects, 61.80.L
sources of, 07.77.G, 39.10
in structural analysis, 61.18.B
Atomic clusters, 36.40
Atomic collisions. See 34
Atomic ensemble, phase coherence of, 03.75.F, 42.50.G
Atomic force microscopy
biophysics, 87.64.D
instrumentation, 07.79.L
surface structure, 68.37.P
Atomic forces, 34.20
Atomic isotopes, 32.10.B
Atomic mass, 32.10.B
Atomic moments, 32.10.D
Atomic-orbital methods
atoms and molecules, 31.15.N
solids, 71.15.A
Atomic physics. See 30
Atomic properties, 32.10
Atomic spectra, 32.30
astrophysics, 95.30.K
Atomic sphere approximation, 71.15.A
Atom interferometry, 03.75.D, 39.20
Atom manipulation
in atomic physics, 39.25
in nanotechnology, 81.16.T
in physical chemistry, 82.37.G
Atom–molecule potentials and forces, 34.20.G
Atom optics, 03.75.B
Atoms
collisions in plasma, 52.20.H
cooling and trapping, 32.80.P
electric and magnetic moments, 32.10.D
electron affinity, 32.10.H
electronic structure
calculations of, 31.15
theory of, 31.10
excitation and ionization by electron impact, 34.80.D
exotic, 36.10
hot atom reactions, 82.30.C
ionization potential, 32.10.H
polarizability, 32.10.D
scattering, 34.50
from surfaces, 34.50.D, 68.49.B
Audio and visual aids, educational, 01.50.F
Auditory system, 43.64
Auger effect
atoms, 32.80.H
solids, 79.20.F
Auger microscopy, 68.37.X
Auger spectroscopy, 82.80.P
Augmented plane-wave (APW) calculations, 71.15.A
Aurora, 94.10.R
Australia, 93.30.F
Autoionization
atoms, 32.80.D
molecules, 33.80.E
Avalanche counters, 29.40.C
Avalanches (granular systems), 45.70.H
Awards, 01.10.C
Axial vector currents, 11.40.H
Axiomatic field theory, 11.10.C
Axions, 14.80.M

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B
Background radiation (galactic), 98.70.V
Backscattering. See Scattering
Bacteria (seawater), 92.20.P
Bag models, 12.39.B
Balances, 06.30.D
Balance systems, 07.10.L
Ballistics, 45.40.G
Ballistic transport, 73.23.A
Ballooning instability, 52.35.P
Balloons (meteorology), 92.60
Band model of magnetism, 75.10.L
Band structure, 71.20
Barkhausen effect, 75.60.E
Barred spirals (galaxies), 98.52.N
Baryon number, 11.30.F
Baryon resonances, 14.20.G
Baryons
decays, 13.30.E
production, 13.60.R
properties, 14.20
Bathymetry, 91.50.G
Batteries, 84.60.D
BCS theory, 74.20.F
Beach processes (marine geology), 91.50.C
Beam characteristics
accelerators, 29.27.F
low energy beams, 41.85.E
Beam–foil excitation and ionization, 34.50.F
Beam injection
accelerators, 29.27.A
low energy beams, 41.85.A
plasma heating, 52.50.G
Beam optics (charged-particle beams), 41.85
Beam–plasma instabilities, 52.35.Q
Beams
structural acoustics, *43.40.C
structural mechanics, 46.70.D
Beams, charged-particle
in accelerators, 29.27
electron, 41.75.F, H
interactions with plasma, 52.40.M
ion, 41.75.A, C
positron, 41.75.F, H
relativistic electron and positron, 41.75.H
Beams, photon
laser, 42.60
x-ray, 41.50
Beam splitters and deflectors
low energy beams, 41.85.C
optical, 42.79.F
Beam trapping (nonlinear optics), 42.65.J
Bearings, 06.60.V
Bell inequalities, 03.65.U
Bernstein waves, 52.35.H
Berry's phase, 03.65.V
Bessel functions, 02.30.G
Beta Cephei stars, 97.30.D
Beta decay, 23.40
Betatrons, 29.20.F
Bethe–Salpeter equations, 11.10.S
BGK modes (in plasma), 52.35.S
Bibliographies, 01.30.T
Bifurcation
chemical reactions, 82.40.B
hydrodynamic stability, 47.20.K
nonlinear dynamics, 05.45
theory, 02.30.O
Big Bang nucleosynthesis, 26.35
Big Bang theory, 98.80.B
Bilayers, cellular, 87.16.D
Binary stars, 97.80
Binding energy
molecular core, 33.15.R
nuclear, 21.10.D
solids, 71.15.N
Bingham fluids, 83.60.L
Binocular vision, 42.66.S
Bioacoustics, 43.80
biological effects of sound, 87.50.K
Biochemistry, 87.15.R
in nanofabrication, 81.16.F
Bioelectrochemistry, 82.45.T, 87.15.T
Biogeochemical processes, global, 92.70
Biographies, 01.60
Biological effects
of electric fields, 87.50.R
of magnetic fields, 87.50.M
of radiation, 87.50.G, H, J
of sound and ultrasound, 87.50.K
Biological interfaces, 87.68
Biological materials
biomedical engineering, 87.68
rheology of, 83.80.L, 87.19.T
Biological physics
cellular, 87.17
ecology and evolution, 87.23
higher organisms, 87.18
instrumentation, 87.80
spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, 87.64
subcellular, 87.16
theory, general, 87.10
Biological signals
processing, 87.80.T
transduction, 87.16.X
Biological systems, chemical kinetics in, 82.39
Bioluminescent dosimeters, 87.66.S
Biomedical engineering, 87.80
medical imaging equipment, 87.62
radiation therapy equipment, 87.56
Biomembranes
membrane–protein interactions, 87.15.K
subcellular structure and processes, 87.15.K
Biomolecular electronics, 85.65
Biomolecules
NMR of, 82.56.P
radiation and external field effects, 87.50
structure and physical properties, 87.15
on surfaces, 68.47.P
types of, 87.14
Biopolymers, 82.35.P, 87.15.R
Biosensors, 87.80
Biosonic generation, *43.80.K
Biothermics, 87.19.P
Bipolarons
electronic structure of solids, 71.38.M
theory of superconductivity, 74.20.M
Bipolar outflows
external galaxies, 98.58.F
Milky Way, 98.38.F
pre-main-sequence objects, 97.21
Bipolar transistors, 85.30.P
Birefringence
optical fibers, 42.81.G
solids, 78.20.F
wave optics, 42.25.L
Bismuth-based high-Tc superconductors, 74.72.H
Bistability, optical, 42.65.P
Black-body radiation, 42.72, 44.40
Black holes
astrophysics, 97.60.L
external galaxies, 98.62.J
Milky Way, 98.35.J
physics of, 04.70
Blast waves, *43.28.M
Blazars, 98.54.C
Blood, rheology of, 83.80.L, 87.19.T
Blue phases (liquid crystals), 61.30.M
Blue stars (faint), 97.20.R
Blue stragglers, 97.10.R
Body fluids, 87.19.T
Body movements, physics of, 87.19.S
Bok globules, 97.21
Bolometers
astronomy, 95.55.R
instruments, 07.57.K
Bond angles and bond lengths, 33.15.D, 61.50.L
Bonds, dangling, 61.43
Bond strength, 33.15.F
Bone densitometry
nuclear medicine imaging, 87.58.X
x-ray imaging, 87.59.L
Book reviews, 01.30.V
Books, 01.30
Bootstrap models, 11.55.B, F
Borides
dielectric materials, 77.84.B
refractories, 81.05.J
Born–Oppenheimer approximation, 31.30
Borocarbides, superconductivity of, 74.70.D
Bose–Einstein condensation, 03.75.F
Bose–Einstein statistics, 05.30
Boson degeneracy (helium–4), 67.40
Bosons
gauge, 14.70
Higgs, 14.80.B, C
interacting boson model, 21.60.F
intermediate, decays of, 13.38
Nambu–Goldstone, 14.80.M
Boson systems, 05.30.J
Bottom baryons, 14.20.M
Bottom mesons
hadronic decays, 13.25.H
leptonic decays, 13.20.H
properties, 14.40.N
Boundary element methods, 02.60.L
Boundary layers
laminar, 47.15.C
meteorology, 92.60.F
in plasmas, 52.40.H
sea–air, 92.10.K
turbulence, 47.27.N
Boundary-value problems
in electrostatics, 41.20.C
in magnetostatics, 41.20.G
numerical analysis, 02.60.L
Bound states
field theory, 11.10.S
quantum mechanics, 03.65.G
Brachytherapy, 87.53.J
Bragg reflectors, 42.79.D
Breakdown, electrical
dielectrics, 77.22.J
gases, 51.50
Breeder reactors, 28.50.F
Bremsstrahlung, 03.50, 41.50, 78.70.C
Brillouin scattering
condensed matter, 78.35
molecular spectra, 33.20.F
nonlinear optics, 42.65.E
plasma, 52.38.B
Brillouin zones, 63.20, 71.20
Brittleness, 62.20.M
Broken symmetry phases (nanoscale materials), 73.22.G
Brown dwarfs, 97.20.V
Brownian motion, 05.40.J
in rheology, 83.10.M
Bubble chambers, 29.40
Bubbles
magnetic, 75.70.K
nonhomogeneous flows, 47.55.D
nonlinear acoustics, *43.25.Y
Buckling
fission reactors, 28.41.A
materials treatment effects, 81.40.L
static, 46.32
Buckyballs. see Fullerenes
Bumpy tori, 52.55.H
Buoyancy-driven instability, 47.20.B
Bursts
galactic, 98.62.N
gamma-ray, 98.70.R
solar, 96.60.R
x-ray, 98.70.Q

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C
C15 superconductors, 74.70.A
Cables
electrical, 84.70
fiber-optical, 42.81.Q
superconducting, 84.70
Calculus
operational, 02.30.V
of variations, 02.30.X
Calendars, astronomical, 95.10.K
Calibration, 06.20.F
Calorimeters, 07.20.F
dosimeters (medicine), 87.66.N
nuclear and particle physics, 29.40.V
Cameras, photographic, 07.68
Capacitance measurement, 84.37
Capacitor banks (energy storage), 84.60.V
Capacitors, 84.32.T
Capillary waves
fluid interfaces, 68.03.K
oceanic, 92.10.C
Carbides
dielectric materials, 77.84.B
refractories, 81.05.J
Carbon, 81.05.U
Carbon dioxide lasers, 42.55.L
Carbon stars, 97.30.H
Cardiac dynamics, 87.19.H
Car–Parrinello method, 71.15.P
CARS, 42.65.D
Cartography, 91.10.D
Catalysis
electrochemistry, 82.45.J
enzymatic, 87.15.R
heterogeneous, 82.65
homogeneous, 82.30.V
in nanotechnology, 81.16.H
Catastrophe theory, 05.45
Cathode-ray tubes, 84.47
Cathodoluminescence, 78.60.H
Causal structure, 04.20.G
Cavitation
acoustics, *43.25.Y, *43.35.E
nonhomogeneous flows, 47.55.B
Cavity resonators
fiber optics, 42.81.Q
integrated optics, 42.82.E
laser, 42.60.D
optical, 42.79.G
Celestial mechanics
astronomy, 95.10.C
classical mechanics, 45.50.P
Cellular structure and processes, 87.17
aggregation, 87.18.E
cellular engineering, 87.80.R
cell walls, 87.16.G
growth and division, 87.17.E
locomotion, 87.17.J
multicellular phenomena, 87.18
pattern formation, 87.18.H
radiation and external field effects, 87.50
subcellular structure and processes, 87.16
Cenozoic period, 91.70.B
Cepheids, 97.30.G
Ceramics
fabrication, 81.05.J, M
piezoelectricity, 77.84.D
Cermets, fabrication of, 81.05.M
Chain reactions, chemical, 82.30.C
Chains, macromolecular and polymer, 36.20.F
Chalcogenides
conductivity, 73.61.G
dielectric materials, 77.84.B
impurity and defect levels, 71.55.G
photoluminescence, 78.55.E
superconductivity, 74.70.A
Channel flow, 47.60
rheology, 83.50.H
Channeling
in crystals, 61.85
in laser–plasma interactions, 52.38.H
Chaos
acoustics, *43.25.R
applications of, 05.45.G
astronomy, 95.10.F
chemical reactions, 82.40.B
communication using, 05.45.V
control of, 05.45.G
fluid dynamics, 47.52
high-dimensional, 05.45.J
low-dimensional, 05.45.A
nuclear reactions, 24.60.L
numerical simulations, 05.45.P
optical, 42.65.S
plasmas, 52.25.G
rheology, 83.60.W
semiclassical ("quantum"), 05.45.M
superconductivity fluctuations, 74.40
Charge carriers, recombination of
semiconductors and insulators, 72.20.J
surfaces, 73.25
thin films, 73.50.G
Charge-coupled devices, 85.60.G
in astronomical instrumentation, 95.55.A
Charged clusters, 36.40.W
Charge-density waves
collective excitations, 71.45.L
one-dimensional conductors, 72.15.N
surface and interface excitations, 73.20.M
Charge distribution (nuclear), 21.10.F
Charged-lepton interactions with hadrons, 13.60
Charged-particle beams
in accelerators, 29.27
beam optics, 41.75, 41.85
sources and detectors, 07.77.K
Charged-particle-induced fission, 25.85.G
Charged-particle spectrometers, 29.27.A
Charged-particle spectroscopy, 29.30.E
Charge-exchange reactions
chemistry, 82.30.F
nuclear physics
2H-induced, 25.45.K
3H-, 3He-, and 4He-induced, 25.55.K
induced by unstable nuclei, 25.60.L
low and intermediate energy heavy-ion collisions, 27.70.K
nucleon induced, 25.40.K
pion, 25.80.G
Charge measurement, 84.37
Charge transfer
atomic and molecular collisions, 34.70
chemical reactions, 82.30.F
Charge-transfer complexes (biomolecules), 87.15
Charmed baryons, 14.20.L
Charmed mesons
hadronic decays, 13.25.F
leptonic and semileptonic decays, 13.20.F
properties, 14.40.L
Chemical analysis, 82.80
Chemical beam epitaxy, 81.15.H
Chemical bonds, 31.10
biomolecules, 87.15.B
crystals, 61.50.L
macro- and polymer molecules, 36.20.H
Chemical composition
comets, 96.35.E
Earth's atmosphere, 92.60.H, 94.10.F
Earth's interior, 91.35.L
galaxies, 98.62.B
materials, 81.05, 82.80
planets, 96.35.E
solid surfaces and interfaces, 68.35.D
stars, 97.10.T
Sun, 96.60.F
superconductors, 74.62.B
thin films, 68.55.N
Chemical dosimetry, 87.66.F
Chemical equilibria, 82.60.H
Chemical interdiffusion, 66.30.N
Chemical kinetics, 82.20
biological systems, 82.39
single molecule, 82.37
specific regimes and techniques, 82.40
Chemical lasers, 42.55.K
Chemically reactive flows, 47.70.F
Chemically reactive materials (rheology), 83.50.J
Chemical physics. See 82
Chemical processes (astrophysics), 95.30.F, 98.38.B, 98.58.B
Chemical reactions. See 82
Chemical sensors, 07.07.D
Chemical shift (NMR), 76.60.C
Chemical synthesis, 81.20.K
nanofabrication, 81.16.B
Chemical thermodynamics, 82.60
Chemical vapor deposition, 81.15.G
chemistry of, 82.33.Y
Chemical waves, cellular, 87.18.P
Chemiluminescence, 78.60.P
Chemisorption, 68.43
Chemotaxis, 87.17.J
Cherenkov detectors, 29.40.K
Cherenkov radiation, 41.60.B
Chevrel phases, superconductivity of, 74.70.D
Chirality
biomolecules, 87.15.B
liquid crystals, 61.30
optical activity, 33.55.A, 78.20.E
polymer molecules and macromolecules, 36.20.E
rotational isomerism, 33.15.H
Chiral Lagrangians, 12.39.F
Chiral symmetries, 11.30.R
Chirping, 42.65.R
Chromatography, 82.80.B
Chromodynamics, quantum, 12.38
Chromosomes, 87.16.S
Chromosphere, solar, 96.60.N
Chronometers, 06.30.F
Cilia, 87.16.Q
Circadian rhythms, 87.19J
Circuits
electronic, 07.50.E, 84.30
integrated, 85.40
passive components, 84.32
Circuit theory, 84.30.B
Circulation
atmospheric, 92.60.B
oceanography, 92.10.M
Circumstellar envelopes, 97.10.F
Cladding, optical fibers, 42.81.B
Classical field theory, 03.50
Classical mechanics
continuous media, 83.10.F
discrete systems, 45
Clathrates, 82.75
Clebsch–Gordan coefficients, 03.65, 31.10
Climate dynamics, 92.70.G
Climatology, 92.60.R
Clocks, 06.30.F, 95.55.S
Clouds
atmospheric optics, 42.68.G
interstellar, 98.38.D
meteorology, 92.60.N
planetary atmospheres, 96.35.H
stellar, 97.10.F
Cluster models, nuclear, 21.60.G
Clusters
atomic and molecular, 36.40
formation in chemical reactions, 82.30.N
galaxy, 98.65
reactions in, 82.33.F
reactions on, 82.33.H
reactivity of, 36.40.J
solid
electronic structure, 73.22
structure, 61.46
stellar, 98.20
in zeolites, 82.75.V
Cluster theory, atomic physics, 31.15.D
Coastal oceanography, 92.10.S
Coastal processes, 91.50.C
Coatings
deposition methods, 81.15
optical, 42.79.W
Coercivity (magnetic materials), 75.50.V, 75.60.E
Coherence
in electron scattering, 34.80.P
optical
quantum optics, 42.50.A
wave optics, 42.25.K
Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), 42.65.D
Coherent radiation, plasma-generated, 52.59.Y
Coherent spectroscopy (femtochemistry), 82.53.K
Cohesive energy, 61.50.L
calculation methods, 71.15.N
Coils, induction, 84.32.H
Cold electron emitters, 85.45.D
Cold working, 81.40.E
Collagen (rheology), 83.80.L
Collective excitations
clusters, 36.40.G
excitons, 71.35.L
multilayers, 73.21.A
nanoscale materials, 73.22.L
nanoscale systems, 73.21
nuclear structure, 21.10.R
one-dimensional conductors, 72.15.N
quantum Hall effects, 73.43.L
superfluid helium–3, 67.57.J
superlattices, 73.21.C
surfaces and interfaces, 73.20.M
Collective flow, relativistic collisions, 25.75.L
Collective models (nuclear structure), 21.60.E
Collimators
optics, 42.79.A
radiation therapy, 87.53.U
Collisions
atomic and molecular (see 34)
classical mechanics, 45.50.T
elementary particles (see 13)
galaxies, 98.65.F
in plasma, 52.20.H, F
Colloids, 82.70.D
rheology of, 83.80.H
Color centers
absorption spectra, 78.40.F, H
crystal defects, 61.72.J
electron states, 71.55
EPR, 76.30.M
Colorimeters, 07.60.D
Color–magnitude diagrams
galaxies, 98.62.Q
stars, 97.10.Z
Color transparency (QCD in nuclei), 24.85
Color vision, 42.66.N
Colossal magnetoresistance, 75.30.V
Combinatorics, 02.10.A
Combustion
enthalpy, 82.60.C
reaction kinetics, 82.33.V
Combustion synthesis, 81.20.K
Cometary nebulae, 97.21
Comets
interaction with solar wind, 96.50.E
in interplanetary space, 96.50.G
properties of, 96.35
Commensurate–incommensurate transformations, 64.70.R
Communication forms, 01.20
Commutative rings and algebras, 02.10.H
Compact disks, 42.79.V
Compactification (string theory), 11.25.M
Compaction
granular systems, 45.70.C
materials preparation, 81.20.E
Comparators, electronic, 84.30.Q
Compensators (radiotherapy), 87.53.M
Complex systems, 89.75
biological, 82.39.R
chemical, 82.40.Q
granular models of, 45.70.V
Complex variables, 02.30.F
Composite materials
dielectric, piezo-, and ferroelectric, 77.84.L
electrical conductivity, 72.80.T
fabrication, 81.05.M, N, P, Q
optical properties of thin films, 78.66.S
rheology, 83.80.A
Composite particle models, 12.60.R
Compressibility
gases, 51.35
liquids, 62.10
solids, 62.20.F, 81.40.L
Compressible flows, 47.40
Compressional waves
aeronomy, 94.10.J
meteorology, 92.60.D
Compression molding, 83.50.U
Compressors, electronic, 84.30.Q
Compton scattering
atoms, 32.80.C
bulk matter, 78.70
by hadrons, 13.60.F
Computational techniques
classical mechanics, 45.10
continuum mechanics, 46.15
electronic structure
atoms and molecules, 31.15
solids, 71.15.D
mathematics, 02.70
statistical physics and nonlinear dynamics, 05.10
Computer-aided design
electronics, 84.30.B
microelectronics, 85.40.B
Computer hardware, 07.05.B
Computer interfaces, 07.05.W
nuclear physics, 29.50
Computerized tomography, 87.59.F
Computer languages, 07.05.B
Computer modeling and simulation, 07.05.T
astronomy, 95.75.P
biological physics, 87.15.A, 87.16.A, 87.17.A, 87.18.B
chaotic models, 05.45.P
chemical kinetics, 82.20.W
disordered solids, 61.43.B
impact phenomena, solids, 79.20.A
integrated circuits fabrication, 85.40.B
liquid structure, 61.20.J
magnetic critical points, 75.40.M
medical and biological techniques, 87.64.A
optical properties, 78.20.B
plasma, 52.65
radiotherapy, 87.53.V
rheology, 83.10.R, 83.85.P
Computers
in acoustics, *43.55.K, *43.58.T
as educational aids, 01.50.H
in experimental physics, 07.05
laboratory use, 01.50.L
optical, 42.79.T
Computer science and technology, 89.20.F
Computer vision, 42.30.T
Concentrators, solar, 42.79.E
Condensation
fluid–fluid interfaces, 68.03.F
liquid–vapor transitions, 64.70.F
nucleation, 64.60.Q
chemical thermodynamics, 82.60.N
Condensed matter. See 60
Conducting polymers
electrical conductivity of, 72.80.L
reactions of, 82.35.C
thin films, electrical properties of, 73.61.P
Conductors, electrical, 84.32.F
Conduits, flow through, 47.60
Conferences
announcements, 01.10.F
acoustics, *43.10.C
proceedings, 01.30.C
Configuration interaction calculations, 31.25
Confined flow, 47.60
Confocal microscopy (biophysics), 87.64.T
Conformal field theory, 11.25.H
Conformal radiation treatment, 87.53.K
Conformation, molecular, 33.15.B
barrier heights, 33.15.H
biomolecules, 87.15.H
macromolecules and polymers, 36.20.E
Conservation laws (fields and particles), 11.30
Constants, fundamental, 06.20.J
Constitutive relations (rheology), 83.10.G
Contact resistance and potential, 73.40.C
Contacts
III–V semiconductor–to–semiconductor, 73.40.K
II–VI semiconductor–to–semiconductor, 73.40.L
integrated electronics, 85.40.L
mechanical, 46.55
metal–nonmetal, 73.40.N
metal–to–metal, 73.40.J
semiconductor–electrolyte, 73.40.M
superconducting, 74.80.F
Continental crust seismology, 91.30.V
Continental margins, 91.45.C
Continents, 93.30
drift of, 91.45.D
Continuum mechanics, 46
rheology, 83.10.F
Control devices, 07.07.T
Control theory, 02.30.Y
Convection
aeronomy, 94.10.L
astrophysics, 95.30.T
forced, 44.27
ionosphere, 94.20.W
magnetosphere, 94.30.F
meteorology, 92.60.E
natural, 44.25
turbulent flows, 47.27.T
Convection currents (plate tectonics), 91.45.F
Convergent-beam electron diffraction, 61.14.L
Convex sets, 02.40.F
Cooling
atoms, ions, and molecules, 32.80.P, 33.80.P
cryogenic, 07.20.M
magnetic, 75.30.S
Cooling flows (galaxy clusters), 98.65.H
Copolymers
rheology, 83.80.U
structure and phase transitions, 82.35.J
Coriolis effects
molecules (vibration/rotation), 33.20.V
oceans, 92.10.E
Corona
mass ejection, 96.60.W
solar, 96.60.P
stellar, 97.10.E
Corona discharges, 52.80.H
Correlations
collective effects, 71.45.G
in electron scattering, 34.80.P
in nuclear electromagnetic transitions, 23.20.E
Corrosion fatigue, 81.40.N
Corrosion protection, 81.65.K
Cosmic censorship, 04.20.D
Cosmic dust
in Earth's atmosphere, 94.10.N
external galaxies, 98.58.C
Milky Way, 98.38.C
Cosmic rays, 96.40
astronomical observations, 95.85.R
high-energy interactions, 13.85.T
nucleosynthesis, 24.60
sources, galactic and extragalactic, 98.70.S
Cosmic strings, 11.27, 98.80.C
Cosmogony, 96.10
Cosmological constant, 98.80.E
Cosmology, 98.80
Cosmotrons, 29.20.L
Cottrell atmospheres, 61.72.L
Couette flow, 47.15
Coulomb blockade, 73.23.H
Coulomb energies (nuclear levels), 21.10.S
Coulomb excitation (heavy-ion collisions), 25.70.D
Coupled-channel methods (nuclear reactions), 24.10.E
Coupled cluster theory, 31.15.D
Coupled map lattices, 05.45.R
CP invariance, 11.30.E
CPT invariance, 11.30.E
Cracks
detection, 81.70
healing, 83.60.U
mechanical properties of solids, 62.20.M
structural mechanics, 46.50
Cranking model, 21.60.C, E
Cratering (Moon), 96.20.K
Creep
effects of materials treatment, 81.40.L
evidence of dislocations, 61.72.H
mechanical properties of solids, 62.20.H
Creeping flows, 47.15.G
Critical currents (superconductivity), 74.60.J
Critical exponents, 64.60.F
magnetism, 75.40.C
Critical fields (superconductivity), 74.60.E
Criticality, self-organized, 05.65
Critical phenomena. See 64
magnetism, 75.40
physical chemistry, 82.60
at surfaces and interfaces, 68.35.R
thermodynamics, 05.70.J
Cross sections
chemical reactions, 82.20.P
electron scattering
atoms and molecules, 34.80
conductivity, 72.10
hadrons
high-energy interactions, 13.85.L
with photons and charged leptons, 13.60.H
photon–atom interactions, 32.80.C
reactions induced by unstable nuclei, 25.60.D
scattering of atoms and molecules, 34.50
Crustal movements, 91.10.K
Cryogenics
instrumentation, 07.20.M
therapy, 87.54.B
Cryptography, quantum, 03.67.D
Crystal binding, 61.50.L
Crystal defects, 61.72
Crystal fields
level splitting, 71.70.C
in magnetic ordering, 75.10.D
Crystal growth, 81.10
Crystallization
amorphous materials, 61.43
macromolecules, 87.15.N
phase transitions, 64.70.D, 81.30.H
Crystallographic databases, 61.68
Crystallography. See 61
Crystals
impurities, 61.72.S
liquid, structure of, 61.30
microstructure, 61.72
materials treatment effects on, 81.40
morphology and orientation, 81.10.A
nonlinear optical, 42.70.M
phase diagrams, 81.30
purification, 81.10
quantum, 67.80
Crystal structure
alloys, 61.66.D
elemental solids, 61.66.B
inorganic compounds, 61.66.F
minerals, 91.60.E
organic compounds, 61.66.H
superconductors, 74.62.B
surfaces, 68.35.B
theory, 61.50.A
Crystal symmetry, 61.50.A
Cuprates (superconductors), 74.72, 74.76
Curie point
ferroelectric, 77.80.B
magnetic, 75.30.K, 75.40
Current drive plasma heating, 52.50.G
Current driver (magnetic confinement), 52.55.W
Currents
critical (superconductivity), 74.60.J
marine geology, 91.50.J
theory of fields and particles, 11.40
Curriculum (physics education), 01.40.G
Curvature measurement, 06.30.B
Cusps, 52.55.L
Cyclotron resonance, 76.40
Cyclotrons, 29.20.H

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D
Dark matter, 95.35
Data acquisition, 07.05.H
Databases
astronomy, 95.80
crystallography, 61.68
Data management, 07.05.K
Data visualization, algorithms for, 07.05.R
Debye temperature, 63.70
Debye–Waller factor, 61.10, 63.70
Decay
baryons, 13.30
electromagnetic, 13.40.H
heavy neutrinos, 13.35.H
intermediate bosons, 13.38
mesons
hadronic, 13.25
leptonic and semileptonic, 13.20
muons, 13.35.B
by proton emission, 23.50
radioactive (see 23)
taus, 13.35.D
Decision theory, 02.50.L
Decoherence (quantum mechanics), 03.65.X
Decomposition reactions, 82.30.L
Deep energy levels, 71.55
Defect levels
bulk matter, 71.55
surfaces and interfaces, 73.20.H
Defects, crystal, 61.72
absorption spectra, 78.40
determination by diffraction and scattering, 61.72.D
diffusion, 66.30.L
direct observations, 61.72.D
EPR, 76.30.M
formation and annealing, 61.72.C
gettering effect, 61.72.Y
indirect evidence, 61.72.H
liquid crystals, 61.30.J, M
quantum crystals, 67.80.M
quantum tunneling, 66.35
scattering by (electronic transport), 72.10.F
solid surfaces and interfaces, 68.35.D
superconductors, 74.62.D
thin films, 68.55.L
Deflectors (optical devices), 42.79.F
Deformation
effects of materials treatment, 81.40.L
kinematics of, 83.10.B
material flow, 83.50
mathematical aspects, 46.25.C
mechanical properties of solids, 62.20.F
Degasification, 07.30.B
de Haas–van Alphen effect, 71.18
Delay equations, in function theory, 02.30.K
Delocalization (surface electron states), 73.20.J
Demodulators, 84.30.Q
Demographics, 89.65.C
Demonstration experiments and apparatus, 01.50.M
Demultiplexers, 42.79.S
Dendrites, 68.70
Dense plasma focus, 52.59.H
Density
changes of, 65.40.D
measurement of, 06.30.D
Density-functional theory
atomic and molecular physics, 31.15.E
condensed matter, 71.15.M
Depolarization effects (dielectrics), 77.22
Deposition
films and coatings, 81.15
integrated circuits, 85.40.S
Depth profiling, 61.72.S, 81.70.J
Design of experiments (computers), 07.05.F
Desorption
electron-stimulated, 68.43.R, 79.20.L
field induced, 79.70
kinetics, 68.43.M
photon-stimulated, 68.43.T, 79.20.L
thermal, 68.43.V
Detectors
bolometers, 07.57.K, 95.55.R
Cherenkov, 29.40.K
for elementary-particle and nuclear physics, 29.40
infrared, 07.57.K, 85.25.P, 85.60.G
microwave, 07.57.K
optical, 42.79.P
radiowave, 07.57.K
scintillation, 29.40.M
solid-state, 29.40.W
submillimeter wave, 07.57.K, 85.25.P
tracking and position-sensitive, 29.40.G
x-ray, 07.85.F
Detonation
chemical reactions, 82.33.V
fluid dynamics, 47.40
seismology, 91.30.R
Deuteron-induced reactions, 25.45
Deuterons, 27.10
Diamagnetic resonance, 76.40
Diamagnetism, 75.20
gases, 51.60
Diamond, 81.05.U
Diamond anvil cells, 07.35
Diaphanography, 87.63.L
Diaphragms, optical, 42.79.A
Diatomic molecules, electron correlation in, 31.25.N
Dibaryons, 14.20.P
Dichroism
materials, 78.20.F
molecules, 33.55
Dictionaries, 01.30.K
Dielectric breakdown, 77.22.J
Dielectric constant, complex, 78.20.C
Dielectric devices, 85.50
Dielectric function, 77.22.C
collective excitations, 71.45.G
Dielectric loss and relaxation, 77.22.G
Dielectric materials, 77.84
thin films, 77.55
Dielectric properties
gases, 51.70
plasma, 52.25.M
related to treatment conditions, 81.40.T
solids and liquids, 77.22
Differential equations
numerical approximation and analysis, 02.60.L
ordinary, 02.30.H
partial, 02.30.J
Differential geometry, 02.40
Differential thermal analysis (DTA), 81.70.P
Diffraction
acoustical, *43.20.F, *43.25.J
ultrasound, *43.35.B, C
electron, 61.14
neutron, 61.12
optical, 42.25.F
x-ray, 61.10
Diffraction gratings
holographical, 42.40.E
optical, 42.79.D
Diffractometers
electron, 07.78
x-ray, 07.85.J
Diffusion
adsorbates, 68.43.J
in atmosphere, 92.60.E, 94.10.L
biomolecules, 87.15.V
clusters, 36.40.S
in gases, 51.20
in liquids, 66.10.C
momentum transport, 66.20
in nanoscale solids, 66.30.P
neutron, 28.20.G
nuclear magnetic resonance, 82.56.L
in ocean, 92.10.L
in quantum crystals, 67.80.M
in solids, 66.30
at solid surfaces and interfaces, 68.35.F
spin, 75.40.G
turbulent, 47.27.Q
Diffusion-limited aggregation, 61.43.H
Digital circuits, 84.30.S
Digital imaging
astronomy, 95.75.T
image processing algorithms, 07.05.P
nuclear medicine, 87.58.M
radiography, 87.59.H
Diode lasers, 42.55.P
Diode-pumped lasers, 42.55.X
Diodes
high-voltage, 52.59.M
junction, 85.30.K
light-emitting, 85.60.J
plasma, 52.75.F
Dirac equation, 03.65.P
Dirty superconductors, 74.80.B
Disasters, natural and man-made, 89.60.G
Discharges, electric, 52.80
Disclinations
crystals, 61.72.L
liquid crystals, 61.30.J
Discriminators, electronic, 84.30.Q
Diseases, 87.19.X
Disk galaxies, 98.52.N
Dislocations
direct observation, 61.72.F
indirect evidence, 61.72.H
theory, 61.72.B
thin films, 68.55.L
Disordered solids
absorption and reflection spectra, 78.40.P
electrical conductivity, 72.80.N
infrared and Raman spectra, 78.30.L
localization in, 71.55.J
photoemission, 79.60.H
structure, 61.43
superconductivity, 74.80.B
vibrational states, 63.50
Dispersion hardening, 81.40.C
Dispersion-reinforced composites, 81.05.N
Dispersion relations
optical, 42.25.B, 78.20.C
phonons, 63.20.D
plasma waves, 52.35
S-matrix theory, 11.55.F
Dispersions
physical chemistry, 82.70
rheology of, 83.80.H
Displacement measurement, 06.30.B
Displacive phase transitions, 63.70
Display devices
general instrumentation, 07.07.H
optical, 42.79.K
optoelectronic, 85.60.P
Dissociation
chemical reactions, 82.30.L
photochemical, 82.50
molecular
diffuse spectra, 33.80.G
by electron impact, 34.80.H
energy of, 33.15.F
single molecule, 82.37.N
Distance measurement, 06.30.B
Distorted-wave approximation (nuclear reactions), 24.10.E
Distributed-feedback lasers, 42.55
Distribution theory, 02.50.N
Divertors, 28.52.L, 52.55.R
DNA, 87.14.G
chemical kinetics, 82.39.P
Domain structure
ferroelectric materials, 77.80.D
magnetic films, 75.70.K
magnetic materials, 75.60.C
Domain walls
cosmology, 98.80.C
field theory, 11.27
Doped-insulator lasers, 42.55.R
Doping
germanium and silicon, 61.72.T
III–V and II–VI semiconductors, 61.72.V
integrated circuits technology, 85.40.R
profiles, 61.72.S, 81.70.J
superconductors, 74.62.D
thin films, 68.55.L
Doppler effect (atmospheric acoustics), *43.28.P
Dose–volume analysis, 87.53.T
Dosimetry
electron and positron, 87.53.F, H
neutron and proton, 87.53.P, Q
photon, 87.53.B, D
Double nuclear magnetic resonance (DNMR)
condensed matter, 76.70.F
molecules, 33.40
Double-plasma devices, 52.75.X
Drag reduction (rheology), 83.60.Y
D region, ionosphere, 94.20.E
Drell–Yan process, 13.85.Q
Drift waves (plasma), 52.35.K
Dual energy absorptiometry (medical imaging), 87.59.B
Duality, strong interactions, 12.40.N
Ductility, 62.20.F
Ducts
flows in, 47.60
sound propagation in, *43.20.M, *43.28.P, *43.55.R
Dust processes (astrophysics), 95.30.W
Dusty plasmas, 52.27.L
Dwarf galaxies, 98.52.W, 98.56.W
elliptical, 98.52.P
Dwarf novae, 97.30.Q
Dwarf stars, 97.20
Dye lasers, 42.55.M
Dynamical systems
linear, 45.30
nonlinear, 05.45
Dynamic loading, 83.50
Dynamic mechanical analysis (rheology), 83.85.V
Dynamic phases, 03.65.V
Dynamometers, 07.10.P

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E
Ear, 43.64
Early Universe, 98.80.C
Earth
crust movement, vertical, 91.45.P
interior structure and properties, 91.35
magnetic field, 91.25
Earthquakes, 91.30.P
Earth satellites, artificial, 95.40
Echelles, 42.79.D
Eclipses, 95.10.G
Ecology, 87.23
Economics, 89.65.G
ECR plasma heating, 52.50.S
Eddy-current testing, 81.70.E
Education, 01.40
Educational aids, 01.50
Effective mass, 71.18
Eikonal approximation, 11.80.F
Einstein equation, general relativity, 04.20
Einstein–Maxwell spacetime, 04.40.N
Elastic constants, 62.20.D
Elastic deformation
materials treatment effects, 81.40.J
mechanical properties of solids, 62.20.F
Elasticity
rocks and minerals, 91.60.B
solids, 62.20.D
static, 46.25
superconductors, 74.25.L
Elastic scattering
of atoms and molecules, 34.50
deuteron-induced reactions, 25.45.D
of electrons by atoms and molecules, 34.80.B
hadron-induced, 13.85.D
heavy-ion reactions, 25.70.B
lepton-induced reactions, 25.30.B
meson-induced reactions, 25.80.D
nucleon-induced reactions, 25.40.C, D
of photons and leptons by hadrons, 13.60.F
reactions induced by unstable nuclei, 25.60.B
triton-,3He-, and 4He-induced reactions, 25.55.C
Elastic structures, acoustic scattering, *43.40.F
Elastic waves
linear acoustics, *43.20.G, *43.20.J
rheology, 83.60.U
solids, 62.30
Elastomeric polymers, 83.80.V
Elastomers
rheology, 83.80.V, W
structure, 61.41
Elastooptical effects, 78.20.H
Electrets, 77.22
Electrical components, 07.50, 84.32
Electrical conductivity
Earth, 91.25.Q
materials treatment effects on, 81.40.R
metals and alloys
amorphous and liquid, 72.15.C
crystalline, 72.15.E
semiconductors and insulators, 72.20
mixed conductivity, 72.60
specific, 72.80
superconductors, 74.25.F
surfaces, 73.25
thin films, 73.50
specific, 73.61
Electrical devices. See 85
Electrical impedance tomography, 87.63.P
Electrical instruments, 07.50
Electrical noise, 07.50.H
Electrical phenomena in gases, 51.50
Electrical sensors, 07.07.D
Electrical shielding, 07.50.H
Electric breakdown, 51.50, 52.80, 77.22.J
Electric charge, 41.20.C, 84.37
Electric current measurement, 84.37
Electric discharges, 52.80
Electric fields
biological physics, 87.50.R
effects on liquid crystal structure, 61.30.G
effects on material flows, 83.60.N
electromagnetism, 41.20
electrotherapy, 87.54.D
galactic, 98.62.E
ionosphere, 94.20.S
magnetosphere, 94.30.K
measurement, 84.37
Milky Way, 95.35.E
planetary, 96.35.P
solar, 96.60.H
stellar, 97.10.L
Electric impedance measurement, 84.37
Electric moments
atoms, 32.10.D
hadrons, 13.40.E
molecules, 33.15.K
Electric motors, 84.50
Electric variable measurements, 84.37
Electroacoustic transducers, *43.38.B, D, F
Electrocaloric effects, 77.70
Electrochemical analysis, 82.80.F
Electrochemical cells, 84.50.D
Electrochemical devices, 85.80.D
Electrochemical energy conversion, 84.60.D
Electrochemistry, 82.45
bioelectrochemistry, 82.45.T, 87.15.T
electrodeposition and electrodissolution, 82.45.Q
thin films, monolayers, 82.45.M
Electrochromic devices, 85.60.P
Electrochromism, 78.20.J
Electrode kinetics, 82.45.F
Electrodeposition
electrochemistry of, 82.45.Q
methods of film deposition, 81.15.P
Electrodynamics
classical, 03.50.D
quantum, 12.20
Electroelasticity, 46.25.H
Electrogasdynamic energy conversion, 84.60.R
Electrohydrodynamics, 47.65
Electroluminescence, 78.60.F
Electrolysis, 82.45
Electrolytes, structure of, 61.20.Q
Electromagnetic decay, 13.40.H
Electromagnetic fields, 41.20
Electromagnetic interactions, 13.40
electroweak, 12.15
leptons, 13.10
unified field theories, 12.10
Electromagnetic mass differences, 13.40.D
Electromagnetic moments, nuclear, 21.10.K
Electromagnetic radiation
interaction with plasma, 52.40.D
from moving charges, 41.60
solar, 96.60.T
Electromagnetic testing, 81.70.E
Electromagnetic waves
atmospheric optics, 42.68.A
ionosphere, 94.20.B, R
magnetosphere, 94.30.T
meteorology, 92.60.T
microwaves, 84.40
in plasma, 52.35.H
radiowaves, 41.20.J, 84.40
theory, 41.20.J
wave optics, 42.25.B
Electromagnetism. See 41
Electromechanical resonance, 77.65
Electrometers, 07.50.L
Electromigration, 66.30.Q
Electron affinity
atoms, 32.10.H
molecules, 33.15.R
Electron–atom collisions
elastic scattering, 34.80.B
excitation and ionization, 34.80.D
Electron attachment, 34.80.H, L
Electron beam annealing, 81.40.E
Electron beam-assisted deposition, 81.15.J
Electron beam deposition, 81.15.E
Electron beam effects, 61.80.F
Electron beam induced current (EBIC), 68.37.H
Electron beam lithography, 85.40.H
Electron beams
in medicine
dosimetry, 87.53.F, 87.53.H
safety, 87.52.D
nonrelativistic, 41.75.F
polarized (atomic and molecular scattering), 34.80.N
relativistic, 41.75.H
Electron capture (nuclear physics), 23.40
Electron correlation calculations, 31.25
Electron-cyclotron waves (plasma), 52.35.H, Q
Electron density of states
crystalline solids, 71.20
disordered solids, 71.23
surfaces and interfaces, 73.20
Electron diffraction
biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.B
crystallography, 61.14
Electron diffractometers, 07.78
Electron dosimetry, 87.53.F, H
Electron double resonance (ELDOR)
condensed matter, 76.70.D
molecules, 33.40
Electron emission
Auger, 79.20.F
secondary, 79.20.H
surface collisions, 34.50.D
Electron energy loss spectroscopy, 79.20.U
Electron gas
quantum statistical mechanics, 05.30.F
theories and models, 71.10.C
two-dimensional, 73.20
Electron–hadron scattering, 13.60
Electron–hole drops and plasma, 71.35.E
Electron holography, 61.14.N
Electronic circuits, 07.50.E, 84.30
microelectronics, 85.40
microwave, 84.40.D
integrated, 84.40.L
passive components, 84.32
Electronic devices. See 85
Electronic excitation and ionization
atoms, 34.50.F
molecules, 34.50.G
Electronic publications, 01.30.X
Electronic structure
atomic and molecular clusters, 36.40.C
atoms, molecules, and ions
calculations of, 31.15
corrections to, 31.30
interaction effects on, 31.70
theory of, 31.10
biomolecules, 87.15.M
condensed matter
calculation methods, 71.15
crystalline solids, 71.20
disordered solids, 71.23
liquid metals and semiconductors, 71.22
nanoscale materials, 73.22
theories and models, 71.10
macromolecules and polymer molecules, 36.20.K
superconductors, 74.25.J
surfaces, interfaces, and thin films (see 73)
Electronic transport
bulk matter (see 72)
interface structures, 73.40
mesoscopic and nanoscale systems, 73.63
thin films, 73.50, 73.61
Electron-induced nuclear reactions, 25.30
Electron–ion scattering
excitation and ionization, 34.80.K
recombination and electron attachment, 34.80.L
Electron magnetohydrodynamics, 52.30.C
Electron microscopes, 07.78
Electron microscopy
biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.E
dislocations and other crystal defects, 61.72.F
structure determination (see 68.37)
Electron–molecule collisions
dissociation, 34.80.H
elastic scattering, 34.80.B
excitation and ionization, 34.80.G
Electron optics, 41.85
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)
biophysics, 87.64.H
condensed matter, 76.30
defect structure determination, 61.72.H
molecules, 33.35
Electron phase diagrams, 71.10.H
Electron–phonon interactions
electronic structure of solids, 71.38
electronic transport, 72.10.D
lattice dynamics, 63.20.K
in lattices, 63.20.K
Electron–positron collisions, hadron production by, 13.65
Electron–positron plasmas, 52.27.E
Electron probe analysis, 81.70.J
Electrons, properties of, 14.60.C
Electron scattering, 34.80
atoms and molecules
elastic scattering, 34.80.B
inelastic scattering, 34.80.D, G, H
in nuclear reactions
elastic, 25.30.B
inelastic, 25.30.D, F
spin arrangement determination, 75.25
from surfaces, 68.49.J
Electron solids, 73.20.Q
Electron sources, 07.77.K
in nuclear physics, 29.25.B
Electron spectrometers, 07.81
Electron spectroscopy
biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.L
chemical analysis, 82.80.P
nuclear and particle physics, 29.30.D
Electron stimulated desorption, 68.43.R, 79.20.L
Electron tubes, 84.47
Electrooptical effects
condensed matter, 78.20.J
molecules, 33.55
Electroosmosis, in biological systems, 82.39.W
Electrophoresis
biomolecular, 87.15.T
electrochemistry, 82.45
Electrophotography, 07.68
Electrophysiology
auditory system, *43.64.N, P
central nervous system, *43.64.Q
higher organisms, 87.19.N
nerve cells, 87.17.N
Electroplating, 81.15.P
Electroproduction reactions, nuclear, 25.30.R
Electrorheological fluids, 83.80.G
Electrostatic accelerators, 29.17
Electrostatic lenses, 41.85.N
Electrostatics, 41.20.C
Electrostatic waves
magnetosphere, 94.30.T
plasma, 52.35.F
Electrostriction, 77.65
Electrotherapy, 87.54.D
Electroweak interactions, 12.15
extensions of gauge sector, 12.60.C
extensions of Higgs sector, 12.60.F
nuclear tests of electroweak models, 24.80
in unified field theories, 12.10.D
Elemental abundances and evolution, 98.80.F
Elemental solids
crystal structure, 61.66.B
dielectric properties, 77.84.B
Elementary particles. See 10
astronomical observations, 95.85.R
astrophysics, 95.30.C
Elementary school science education, 01.40.E
Ellipsometers, 07.60.F
Elliptical galaxies, 98.52.E, 98.56.E
El Nino, 92.10.G
Embrittlement, 81.40.N
EMC effect (muon scattering), 25.30.M
Emission
of electromagnetic radiation in plasmas, 52.25.O
of particles in plasmas, 52.25.T
Emission spectra
atoms, 32.30, 32.50
condensed matter, 78.55, 78.60
molecules, 33.20, 33.50
Emissivity, optical, 78.20.C
Emulsions, 82.70.K
dielectric properties, 77.84.N
nuclear, 29.40.R
photographic, 07.68
rheological properties, 83.80.I
ENDOR
condensed matter, 76.70.D
molecules, 33.40
Energy conversion, direct, 84.60
Energy extraction from ocean, 92.20.G
Energy generation, nuclear astrophysics, 95.30
Energy losses
atom and molecule scattering, 34.50.B
particles in condensed matter, 61.85
Energy resources, 89.30
direct energy conversion, 84.60
Energy storage, 84.60
Energy transfer
intramolecular, 34.30
LET (medical physics), 87.52.D, G, L
rotational and vibrational, 34.50.E
state-to-state (chemical reactions), 82.20.R
Engineering, 89.20.K
Ensemble theory
classical, 05.20.G
quantum, 05.30.C
Enthalpy, 05.70.C, 51.30, 65.40.G, 82.60
Entropy, 05.70, 65.40.G
Environmental effects
on instruments, 07.89
of natural and man-made disasters, 89.60.G
Environmental pollution measurements
air pollution, 92.60.S
instruments for, 07.88
water pollution, 92.40.Q
Environmental regulations, 89.60.F
Environmental safety, 89.60.E
Enzymatic catalysis, 87.15.R
Ephemerides, 95.10.K
Epitaxy, 68.55.A, 81.15
Epoxy resins, 83.80
EPR paradox, 03.65.U
Equations of state
gases, 51.30
general theory, 05.70.C, 64.10
rock formation, 91.60.F
specific substances, 64.30
Equilibrium constants, 82.60.H
E region, ionosphere, 94.20.G
Erosion (geophysics), 92.40.G
Errata, 99.10
Error theory, 06.20.D
Eruptions, 91.40.F
ESCA, 82.80.P
Estuarine oceanography, 92.10.S
Etalons, 42.79.B
Etching, 81.65.C
Etch pits, 61.72.F
Euclidean field theory, 11.10.C
Euclidean geometries, 02.40.D
Europe, 93.30.G
Eutectic structure, 81.30
Evaporation
black holes, 04.70.D
field-induced, 79.70
film deposition, 81.15.E
fluid surfaces, 68.03.F
hydrology, 92.40.J
water in atmosphere, 92.60.J
Evolution, biological, 87.23
EXAFS
biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.F
condensed matter, 61.10.H
Exchange interactions
energy-level splitting, 71.70.G
magnetically ordered materials, 75.30.E
Exchange reactions, chemical, 82.30.H
Excimer lasers, 42.55.L
Excited states
atomic and molecular, 31.50.D
electron correlation in, 31.25.J
Rydberg states
atoms, 32.80.R
molecules, 33.80.R
scattering in, 34.60
solids
electronic structure calculations, 71.15.Q
model systems, 71.10.L
Excitons, 71.35
Exoelectron emission, 79.75
Exosphere, 94.10
Exotic atoms and molecules, 36.10
Exploding wires, 52.80.Q
Explosions
chemical reactions, 82.33.V
compressible flows, 47.40
electric discharges, 52.80.Q
nuclear, 28.70
seismology, 91.30.R
underwater, *43.30.L
Extensional flows
deformation, 83.50.J
measurement of, 83.85.R
Extinction coefficients, optical, 78.20.C
Extranuclear effects, 23.20.N
Extrasolar planets, 97.82
Extrudate swell, 83.60.J
Extrusion, 81.20.H
Eye, 42.66

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F
Fabry–Perot interferometer, 07.60.L
Faculae, 96.60.Q
Faddeev equation, 11.80.J
Failure analysis, integrated circuits, 85.40.Q
Familons, 14.80.M
Faraday cups, 41.85.Q
Faraday effect, 33.55.A, 78.20.L
Fatigue
effects of materials treatment, 81.40.N
mechanical properties of solids, 62.20.M
structural mechanics, 46.50
Faults, plate tectonics, 91.45.V
Femtosecond techniques, 06.60.J
chemistry, 82.53
condensed matter, 78.47
nonlinear optics, 42.65.R
Fermi–Dirac statistics, 05.30
Fermi gas, 71.10.C
Fermi liquid
marginal, 74.20.M
theory, 71.10.A
Fermions
composite, 71.10.P
statistical mechanics, 05.30.F
Fermi surfaces, 71.18
Ferrimagnetic resonance, 76.50
Ferrimagnetics, 75.50.G
Ferrite devices, 85.70.G
Ferrites, 75.50.G
Ferroelasticity, 62.20.D
Ferroelectric devices, 85.50
Ferroelectricity, 77.80
Ferroelectric materials, 77.84
Ferroelectric memories, 85.50.G
Ferromagnetic materials
iron and its alloys, 75.50.B
metals other than iron, 75.50.C
nonmetals, 75.50.D
Ferromagnetic resonance, 76.50
Few-body systems, 21.45
Fiber gyros, 42.81.P
Fiber lasers, 42.55.W
Fiber-optic instruments, 07.60.V
Fiber optics, 42.81
Fiber-optic sensors, 42.81.P
Fiber-reinforced composites, 81.05.N
Fibers, synthetic and natural, 81.05.L
Field desorption, 79.70
Field effect transistors, 85.30.T
spin polarized, 85.75.H
Field emission, 79.70
Field-emission displays, 85.45.F
Field-emission microscopy, 68.37.V
Field emitters and arrays, 85.45.D
Field ionization, 79.70
Field-ion microscopy, 68.37.V
Field theory, 11.10
classical, 03.50
gauge, 11.15
quantized fields, 03.70
unified, 04.50, 12.10
Figure of merit, 84.60.B
Filamentation, in plasma, 52.38.H
Filaments, cellular, 87.16.K
Films
educational aids, 01.50.F
radiation measurement, 87.66.C
Filters
electronic, 84.30.V
optical, 42.79.C
Financial markets, 89.65.G
Fine structure
atoms, 32.10.F
molecules, 33.15.P
Finite difference methods, 02.70.B
in atomic and molecular physics, 31.15.F
Finite element analysis, 02.70.D
First sound (quantum fluids), 67.40.M
Fission–fusion reactions, 25.70.J
Fission reactions, 25.85
Fission reactors
design and components, 28.41
types of, 28.50
Flagella, 87.16.Q
Flames, reactions in, 82.33.V
Flare stars, 97.30.N
Flavor symmetries, 11.30.H
Flow computation
fluid dynamics, 47.11
rheology, 83.85.P
Flow control, 47.62
Flow instabilities
in fluid dynamics, 47.20
in rheology, 83.60.W
Flowmeters, 47.80
Fluctuation phenomena
biomolecules, 87.15.Y
diamagnetism and paramagnetism, 75.20.H
magnetically ordered materials, 75.30.M
nuclear reactions, 24.60.K
plasma, 52.25.G
quantum optics, 42.50.L
statistical physics, 05.40
superconductors, 74.40
Fluid dynamics. See 47
Fluid equation (plasma simulation), 52.65.K
Fluid flow
buoyant, 47.32
compressible, 47.40
in ducts, channels, and conduits, 47.60
flow control, 47.62
instruments, 47.80
laminar, 47.15
nonhomogeneous, 47.55
non-Newtonian, 47.50
quantum fluids, 67.40.H
rarefied gas dynamics, 47.45
reactive, radiative and nonequilibrium, 47.70
relativistic, 47.75
rotational, 47.32
through porous media, 47.55.M
Fluid–fluid interfaces, 68.03
Fluidics, 47.85.N
Fluid mechanics, applied, 47.85
Fluids
mechanical properties, 47.17
quantum (see 67)
statistical mechanics, 05.20.J
Fluorescence
atoms, 32.50
biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.N
condensed matter, 78.55
molecules, 33.50.D
x-ray, 78.70.E
Fluoroscopy, 87.59.C
Flute instability, 52.35.P
Flux-line lattices, 74.60.G
Flux pinning and creep, 74.60.G
Foams, 82.70.R
rheology, 83.80.I
Fog
atmospheric optics, 42.68.G
meteorology, 92.60.J
Fokker–Planck equation
kinetic theory of gases, 51.10
plasma simulation, 52.65.F
statistical physics, 05.10.G
Folding (biomolecules), 87.15.C
Folds, tectonic, 91.45.T
Food, rheology of, 83.80.L
Forced convection, 44.27
Forces
interatomic, 34.20.C
intermolecular, 34.20.G
measurement of, 07.10.P
nuclear, 21.30
Formation heat, 82.60.C
Form factors
electromagnetic, 13.40.G
photon–atom interactions, 32.80.C
Forming, 81.20.H
Fossil fuels, 89.30.A
Fourier analysis, 02.30.N
Fourier optics, 42.30.K
Fourier transform spectra, 32.20, 33.30
Four-wave mixing, 42.65.H, K
Fractals
fluid dynamics, 47.53
nonlinear dynamics, 05.45.D
phase transitions, 64.60.A
structure of disordered solids, 61.43.H
Fractional quantum Hall effect, 73.43
Fractional statistics systems, 05.30.P
Fracture
continuum mechanics of solids, 46.50
effects of materials treatments, 81.40.N
mechanical properties of solids, 62.20.M
plate tectonics, 91.45.V
rheology, 83.60.U
rock mechanics, 91.60.B
Fragmentation (nuclear reactions), 25.70.M, P
Franck–Condon factors, 33.70.C
Free-electron devices, 52.59.R
Free-electron lasers, 41.60.C
Free energy, 05.70.C, 51.30, 65.40.G
Free-induction decay (quantum optics), 42.50.M
Free molecular flows, 47.45.D
Free radicals
chemical reactions, 82.30.C
EPR of, 76.30.R
F region, ionosphere, 94.20.J
Frenkel defects, 61.72.J
Frenkel excitons, 71.35.A
Frequency, measurement of, 06.30.F
Frequency conversion (nonlinear optics), 42.65.K
Frequency convertors, optical, 42.79.N
Frequency standards, 06.20.F
astronomical instrumentation, 95.55.S
Fresnel zone plates, 42.79.C
Friction
atomic scale, 68.35.A
internal, 62.40
evidence of dislocations, 61.72.H
materials treatment effects, 81.40.P
structural mechanics, 46.55
Friction force microscopy, 07.79.S
Fröhlich polarons, 71.38.F
Fuel
for fission reactors, 28.41.B
for fusion reactors, 28.52.C
Fuel cells (energy conversion), 84.60.D
Fullerenes and related materials
absorption and reflection spectra, 78.40.R
electrical conductivity, 72.80.R
electronic structure, 71.20.T
fabrication, 81.05.T
infrared and Raman spectra, 78.30.N
structure, 61.48
superconductivity, 74.70.W
thin films
electrical conductivity, 73.61.W
optical properties, 78.66.T
Functional analysis, 02.30.S
quantum mechanics, 03.65.D
Functional approximation, algorithms for, 02.60.G
Function generators, 84.30.N
Fundamental constants, 06.20.J
Furnaces, 07.20.H
Fuses, 84.32.V
Fusion
2H-induced, 25.45
heavy-ion induced, 25.70.J
inertial confinement
heavy-ion, 52.58.H
laser, 52.57
light-ion, 52.58.E
magnetic confinement, 52.55
reactions induced by unstable nuclei, 25.60.P
Fusion–fission reactions, 25.70.J
Fusion fuels, fast ignition of, 52.57.K
Fusion products effects, 52.55.P
Fusion reactors, 28.52
Fuzzy logic, 07.05.M

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G
Galactic center, 98.35.J
Galactic mass, 98.60.F
Galactic winds, 98.35.N, 98.62.N
Galaxies
active, 98.54
clusters of, 98.65.C
local group, 98.56
normal, 98.52
primordial, 98.54.K
properties of, 98.62
protogalaxies, 98.54.K
Galerkin method, 02.70.D
Galvanomagnetic effects
metals and alloys, 72.15.G
semiconductors and insulators, 72.20.M
thin films, 73.50.J
Game theory, 02.50.L
Gamma-ray detectors, 07.85.F
superconducting, 85.25.O
Gamma-ray lasers, 42.55.V
Gamma rays
astronomical observations, 95.85.P
biological effects, 87.50.G
bursts, 98.70.R
in laser-plasma interactions, 52.38.P
in photochemistry, 82.50.K
radiation damage by, 61.80.E
Gamma-ray sources, 07.85
astronomical, 98.70.R
Gamma-ray spectroscopy
chemical analysis, 82.80.E
condensed matter, 76.80
instruments, 07.85.N
nuclear physics, 29.30.K
Gamma-ray telescopes, 95.55.K
Gamma transitions, 23.20.L
Garnet devices, 85.70.G
Garnets (ferrites), 75.50.G
Gas chromatography, 82.80.B
Gas dynamic traps, 52.55.J
Gases
interplanetary, 96.50.D
physical properties (see 51)
rarefied, dynamics of, 47.45
weakly ionized, electron scattering in, 34.80.M
Gas-filled counters, 29.40.C
Gas lasers, 42.55.L
Gas–liquid interfaces, 68.03
Gas sensors, 07.07.D
Gas–surface interactions, 34.50.D
Gauge bosons, 14.70
Gauge field theories, 11.15
Gauge sector extensions (electroweak interactions), 12.60.C
Gels, 82.70.G
reactions in, 82.33.L
rheological properties, 83.80.K
Genealogical trees (complex systems), 89.75.H
General physics, 01.55
General relativity. See 04
Generators
magnetohydrodynamic, 52.75.F
nuclear reactors, 28.50.M
pulse, 84.30.N
Geochemical cycles, 91.65.B
Geochemistry
isotopic composition, 91.65.D
low-temperature, 91.65.F
major element composition, 91.65.V
organic, 91.65.H
trace elements, 91.65.N
Geochronology, 91.35.N
Geodesy, 91.10
Geodetic reference systems, 91.10.W
Geoelectricity, 91.25.Q
Geographical regions, 93.30
Geological materials
physical properties, 91.60
rheology, 83.80.N
Geological time, 91.70
Geology, 91.65
Geomagnetic field, 91.25
Geometrical methods (classical mechanics), 45.10.N
Geometrical optics, 42.15
Geometric inequalities, 02.40.F
Geometric mechanics, 02.40.Y
Geometric phases, 03.65.V
Geometry
algebraic, 02.10
differential, 02.40.H, M
Euclidean and projective, 02.40.D
noncommutative, 02.40.G
Riemannian, 02.40.K
Geophysical instrumentation, 93.85
Geophysical prospecting (acoustical methods), *43.40.P
Geophysics. See 91
Geothermal power, 89.30.E
Geothermy, 91.35.D
Germanium, doping and ion implantation of, 61.72.T
Gettering effect
crystals, 61.72.Y
surface treatments, 81.65.T
g factor, 32.10.F, 33.15.P, 71.18
GHZ states, 03.65.U
Giant magnetoresistance, 75.70.P
magnetic memory, 85.75.B
Giant resonances (nuclear reactions), 24.30.C
Giant stars, 97.20.L
Ginzburg–Landau theory, 74.20.D
Glaciers, 92.40.V
Glass-based composites, 81.05.P
Glasses
electrical conductivity, 72.80.N
electronic structure, 71.23.C
fabrication, 81.05.K
magnetic, 75.50.K
optical materials, 42.70.C
rheology, 83.80.A
structure, 61.43.F
thermal properties, 65.60
thin films
electrical conductivity, 73.61.J
optical properties, 78.66.J
Glass transitions, 64.70.P
Glauber model, 24.10.H
Glauber scattering, 11.80.L
Global analysis, 02.40.V
Global change, 92.70
Globular clusters, 98.20.G
Glow discharge, 52.80.H
Gluons, 14.70.D
in nuclei, 24.85
Gradient-index (GRIN) devices, 42.79.R
fiber-optical, 42.81.H
Grain boundaries, 61.72.M
Grand unified theories, 12.10.D
Granular flow, 45.70.M
Granular materials
fabrication, 81.05.R
rheology, 83.80.F
superconductivity, 74.80.B
Granular systems, 45.70
Graphite, 81.05.U
Graph theory, 02.10
Grasers, 42.55.V
Gratings
holographic, 42.40.E
in nonlinear optics, 42.65.H
optical elements, 42.79.D
Gravimeters, 04.80.N
Gravitation
astrophysics, 95.30.S
general theory (see 04)
Gravitational constant, 04.80, 06.20.J, 95.30.F
Gravitational lenses, 95.30.S, 98.62.S
Gravitational waves
astronomical observations, 95.85.S
detectors, 04.80.N, 95.55.Y
theory, 04.30
Gravity
Earth, 91.10
experimental test of gravitational theories, 04.80.C
Moon, 96.20.J
in more than four dimensions, 04.50
planets, 96.35.F
plate tectonics, 91.45.S
quantum, 04.60
self-gravitating systems, 04.40
supergravity, 04.65
Gravity waves
aeronomy, 94.10.J
meteorology, 92.60.D
Greenhouse effect, 92.70
Greenland, 93.30.K
GRIN devices, 42.79.R, 42.81.H
Groundwater, 92.40.K
Group theory
atomic and molecular physics, 31.15.H
mathematics, 02.20
nuclear physics, 21.60.F
quantum mechanics, 03.65.F
Gunn effect devices, 85.30.F
Gyrofluid and gyrokinetic plasma simulations, 52.65.T
Gyrokinetics, in plasmas, 52.30.G
Gyros, fiber-optical, 42.81.P
Gyroscope motion, 45.40.C
Gyrotrons, 84.40.I

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H
Hadronic decays
baryons, 13.30.E
mesons, 13.25
Hadron mass models, 12.40.Y
Hadrons
interactions induced by
high and super-high energy, 13.85
low and intermediate energy, 13.75
mass models, 12.40.Y
neutrino interactions with, 13.15
nuclear forces, 21.30.F
photon and charged-lepton interactions with, 13.60
production by electron–positron collisions, 13.65
properties
baryons, 14.20
mesons, 14.40
Haemodynamics, 87.19.U
Haemorheology, 83.80.L
Hall effect
quantum, 73.43
semiconductors, 72.20.M
thin films, 73.50.J
Hall effect devices, 85.30.F
hybrid, 85.75.N
Hamiltonian mechanics, 45.20.J
Handbooks, 01.30.K
Hardening, 81.40.C, E
Hardness
solids, 62.20.Q, 81.40.N
structural mechanics, 46.55
Harmonic generation (nonlinear optics), 42.65.K
Harmonic oscillators, 03.65.G
Hartree–Fock approximation
electronic structure of atoms and molecules, 31.15.N
electronic structure of solids, 71.15.A
nuclear-structure models, 21.60.J
Hawking effects, 04.60
Hearing, 43.66
information processing in, 87.19.D
Hearing aids, *43.66.T
Heat capacity
amorphous solids and glasses, 65.60
chemical thermodynamics, 82.60.F
crystalline solids, 65.40.B
liquids, 65.20
at magnetic critical points, 75.40.C
nanocrystals, 65.80
nanotubes, 65.80
small particles, 65.80
Heat conduction, 44.10
Heat engines, 07.20.P
Heaters, 07.20.H
Heat pumps, 07.20.P
Heat transfer
analytical and numerical techniques, 44.05
boundary layer, 44.20
channel and internal, 44.15
convective, 44.25, 44.27
Earth's interior, 91.35.D
inhomogeneous and porous media, 44.30
multiphase systems, 44.35
phenomenology, 44.10
porous media, 44.30
pulse propagation in solids, 66.70
radiative, 44.40
turbulent flows, 47.27.T
Heat treatments, effects on microstructure, 81.40.G
Heavy-fermion solids
diamagnetism and paramagnetism, 75.20.H
electron states, 71.27
magnetically ordered materials, 75.30.M
superconductivity, 74.70.T
Heavy-ion nuclear reactions
low and intermediate energy, 25.70
relativistic, 25.75
Heavy-ion spectroscopy, 29.30
Heavy-particle decay, 23.70
Heavy-particle dosimetry, 87.53.P, Q
Heavy quark theory, 12.39.H
Heisenberg model, 75.10.J
Heliacs, 52.55.H
Helicity amplitudes, 11.80.C
Helicity injection (magnetic confinement), 52.55.W
Helicons
bulk matter, 72.30
thin films, 73.50.M
Helioseismology, 96.60.L
Helium
liquid mixtures, 67.60
solid, 67.80
spin-polarized, 67.65
Helium-3
normal phase, 67.55
nuclear reactions, induced by, 25.55
superfluid phase, 67.57
Helium-4
normal phase, 67.20
nuclear reactions, induced by, 25.55
superfluid phase, 67.40
Herbig–Haro objects, 97.21
Hertzsprung–Russell diagrams, 97.10.Z
Heterodyne receivers (astronomy), 95.55.J
Heterostructures
electrical properties, 73.40
electron states, 73.21
magnetic properties, 75.70.C
optical properties, 78.66
photoemission and photoelectron spectra, 79.60.J
structure and nonelectronic properties, 68.65
superconductivity, 74.80.D
H I and H II regions
external galaxies, 98.58.G, H
Milky Way, 98.38.G, H
Higgs bosons
non-standard model, 14.80.C
standard model, 14.80.B
Higgs sector extensions, 12.60.F
High-coercivity materials, 75.50.V
High-current technology, 84.70
High-energy physics. See 10...20
High-energy reactions, hadron-induced, 13.85
High-field effects, 72.20.H, 73.50.F
High-frequency confinenent, 52.58.Q
High-frequency discharges, 52.80.P
High-frequency effects
bulk matter, 72.30
thin films, 73.50.M
High-pressure effects
mechanical properties of solids, 62.50
structural properties of materials, 81.40.V
High pressure production and techniques, 07.35
High-speed techniques, 06.60.J
High-Tc superconductors
critical currents, 74.60.J
devices, 85.25
films, 74.76.B
flux pinning, 74.60.G
general properties, 74.25
materials, 74.70, 74.72
spatially inhomogeneous structures, 74.80
theory, 74.20
transition temperature, 74.10, 74.62
High-temperature techniques and instrumentation, 07.20.K
High-voltage diodes, 52.59.M
High-voltage technology, 84.70
H I shells, 98.58.N
Histones, 87.16.S
Historical notes, 01.60
History of science, 01.65
Hole burning
atomic spectra, 32.30
condensed matter, 78.40
molecular spectra, 33.20
Holograms
computer generated, 42.40.J
volume, 42.40.P
Holographic optical elements, 42.40.E
Holography
acoustical, *43.35.S, *43.60.S
electron, 61.14.N
optical, 42.40
recording materials, 42.70.L
Hopping transport, 72.20.E
Hot atom reactions, 82.30.C
Hot carriers, 72.20.H, 73.50.F
Hot working, 81.40.G
Hubbard model
electronic structure, 71.10.F
magnetic ordering, 75.10.J
superconductivity, 74.20
Hubble constant, 98.80.E
Hubble Space Telescope, 95.55.F
Hückel calculations (molecular structure), 31.15.C
Humidity, 92.60.J
Hybrid integrated circuits
electronic, 85.40.X
optical, 42.82.F
Hybrid methods in plasma simulation, 52.65.W
Hydraulic machinery, 47.85.K
Hydraulics, 47.85.D
Hydrodynamic instability
fluid dynamics, 47.20
laser inertial confiement, 52.57.F
Hydrodynamic models, nuclear reactions, 24.10.N
Hydrodynamics
applied fluid mechanics, 47.85.D
astrophysical applications, 95.30.L
helium-3
normal phase, 67.55.F
superfluid phase, 67.57.D
helium-4
superfluid phase, 67.40.H
superfluidity, 47.37
Hydrodynamic waves, 47.35
Hydroelasticity, 46.40.J
Hydroelectric power, 89.30.E
Hydrogen
21-cm lines
external galaxies, 98.58.G
Milky Way, 98.38.G
spin-polarized, 67.65
Hydrogen bonding
chemical reactions, 82.30.R
molecules, 33.15.F
Hydrography, 92.10.Y
Hydrology, 92.40
Hydromagnetic plasma instability, 52.35.P
Hydrophilic effects, 82.70.U
chemical reactions, 82.30.R
Hydrophones, *43.38.P
Hydrosphere, 92
Hydrostatics, 47.85.D
Hydrothermal power, 89.30.E
Hygrometry, 07.07.V
Hyperfine interactions, 31.30.G
Hyperfine structure
atoms, 32.10.F
molecules, 33.15.P
Hypernuclei, 21.80
Hyperonic atoms and molecules, 36.10.G
Hyperon-induced reactions, 25.80.P
Hyperon–nucleon reactions, 13.75.E
Hyperons, 14.20.J
Hypersonic flows, 47.40.K
Hyperspherical methods (atomic physics), 31.15.J
Hyperthermia, 87.54.B
Hysteresis
ferroelectricity, 77.80.D
magnetism, 75.60

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I
Ice
hydrology, 92.60.S
rheology, 83.80.N
sea, 92.10.R
ICR plasma heating, 52.50.Q
Image convertors, 42.79.L
Image forming, 42.30.V
atmospheric optics, 42.68.S
Image intensifiers, 42.79.L
Image processing
algorithms, 07.05.P
in astronomy, 95.75.M
in medicine, 87.57
in optics, 42.30
Image reconstruction
medical imaging, 87.57.G
optics, 42.30.W
Imaging detectors
in astronomy, 95.55.A
optical devices, 42.79.P
Impact ionization (conductivity)
semiconductors and insulators, 72.20.H
thin films, 73.50.F
Impedance
acoustic, *43.20.R, *43.25.S
measurement of, *43.58.B
electrical, 84.37
Implosions, inertial confinement, 52.57.F
Impurities
absorption spectra, 78.40
in crystals, 61.72.S
diffusion, 66.30.J
effects on superconductivity, 74.62.D
electron states, 71.55
surfaces and interfaces, 73.20.H
EPR spectra, 76.30
in helium
normal phase of helium–3, 67.55.L
solid, 67.80.M
superfluid helium–3, 67.57.P
superfluid helium–4, 67.40.Y
implantation, 61.72.T, V, W
magnetic, 75.30.H
in plasma, 52.25.V
in solid surfaces and solid–solid interfaces, 68.35.D
in thin films, 68.55.L
In-beam spectroscopy (nuclear physics). See 23
Inclusions, 61.72.Q
Incommensurate solids, 61.44.F
Indian Ocean, 93.30.N
INDO calculations, 31.15.C
Inductance measurement, 84.37
Inductors, 84.32.H
Industrial laser applications, 42.62.C
Industrial research and development, 89.20.B
Inelastic scattering
atoms and molecules, 34.50
deuteron-induced reactions, 25.45.D
hadron-induced reactions, 13.85
lepton-induced reactions, 25.30
meson-induced reactions, 25.80.E
nucleon-induced reactions, 25.40.F
triton-, 3He-, and 4He-induced reactions, 25.55.C
Inertial confinement
heavy-ion, 52.58.H
laser, 52.57
light-ion, 52.58.E
Inference methods, 02.50.T
Inflationary universe, 98.80.C
Information science, 89.70
Infrared detectors, 07.57.K
astronomy instrumentation, 95.55.A
optoelectronic, 85.60.G
superconducting, 85.25.P
Infrared excess (extrasolar planets), 97.82.J
Infrared optical materials, 42.70.K
Infrared radiation
astronomical observations, 95.85
biological effects, 87.50.H
in biological techniques, 87.64.C
galactic and extragalactic, 98.70.L
interstellar, 98.38.J, 98.58.J
in photochemistry, 82.50.B
in plasma, 52.25.O
sources, 42.72.A
surface irradiation effects, 61.80.B
Infrared sources, 07.57.H
Infrared spectra
atoms, 32.30.B
condensed matter, 78.30
macro- and polymer molecules, 36.20.N
molecules, 33.20.E
Infrared spectrometers, 07.57.T
Infrared spectroscopy
biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.J
chemical analysis, 82.80.G
Infrasound, *43.28.D
Initial value problem, 04.20.E
Injection lasers, 42.55.P
Injection molding, 83.50.U
Inner-shell ionization, 32.80.H
Inorganic compounds
band structure, 71.20.P
crystal structure, 61.66.F
Institutes, 01.10.F
Instruments
acoustical, 43.58
for aeronomy and magnetospheric physics, 94.80
for astronomy, 95.55
for atomic and molecular physics (see 39)
for biophysics, 87.80
common to several branches of physics and astronomy (see 07)
for elementary particle and nuclear physics (see 29)
environmental effects on, 07.89
for environmental pollution measurements, 07.88
for fluid dynamics, 47.80
for geophysics, 93.85
musical, 43.75
for plasma diagnostics, 52.70
spaceborne and space research, 07.87
Insulator–metal transitions, 71.30
Insulators
absorption spectra, 78.40.H
band structure, 71.20.P
conductivity, 72.20
specific insulators, 72.80.S
dielectric devices, 85.50
photoemission and photoelectron spectra, 79.60.B
radiation effects, 61.82.M
thin films (conductivity), 73.61.N
Insulator–superconductor transitions, 74.20.M
Integrable systems, 02.30.I
Integral equations, 02.30.R
Integral transforms, 02.30.U
Integrated circuits, 85.40
superconducting, 85.25.N
Integrated optics, 42.82
Integrative biology, 87.80.V
Integrodifferential equations, 02.60.N
Intense beams, in plasmas, 52.35
Intense particle beams sources, 52.59
Intense radiation sources, 52.59
Interatomic distances and angles, 33.15.D
Interatomic potentials and forces, 34.20.C
Intercalation compounds, 71.20.T
Interconnects
electrical, 84.32.D
integrated electronics, 85.40.L
integrated optics, 42.82.D
optical, 42.79.T
Interdiffusion, chemical, 66.30.N
Interfaces
biological, 87.68
electronic transport, 73.40
electron states, 73.20
fluid–fluid, 68.03
magnetic properties, 75.70.C
microscopy, 68.37
solid–solid, 68.35
spin polarized transport, 72.25.M
structure and roughness, 68.35.C
thermodynamic properties, 05.70.N, 68.35.M
Interfacial flows, 83.50.L
Interfacial tension, 68.03.C
Interference, optical, 42.25.H
Interferometers, 07.60.L
Interferometry
in astronomy, 95.55.B, 95.75.K
atomic, 03.75.D
holographic, 42.40.K
neutron, 03.75.D
phase-shifting, 42.87.B
Intergalactic matter, 98.62.R
Intermediate bosons, decays of, 13.38
Intermediate-valence solids
diamagnetism and paramagnetism, 75.20.H
electron states, 71.28
magnetic ordering, 75.30.M
Intermetallic compounds, electronic structure of, 71.20.L
Intermolecular potentials and forces, 34.20.G
Internal conversion, nuclei, 23.20.N
Internal friction
evidence of dislocations, 61.72.H
mechanical properties of solids, 62.40
International laboratory facilities, 01.52
International programs, geophysics, 93.55
Internet, 89.20.H
Interplanetary matter, 96.50.D
Interpolation methods, 02.60.E
Interstellar matter
external galaxies, 98.58
Milky Way, 98.38
Interstitials, 61.72.J
Intracluster matter (galaxy clusters), 98.65.H
Intramolecular dynamics, 34.30
Inverse photoemission spectroscopy, 78.70
Inverse problems, 02.30.Z
acoustical, *43.60.P
Inversion layers, 73.20, 73.40
Inviscid flows, 47.15.K
Inviscid instability, 47.20.C
Ion-acoustic waves (plasma), 52.35.F, Q
Ion beam-assisted deposition, 81.15.J
Ion beam epitaxy, 81.15.H
Ion beam lithography, 85.40.H
Ion beams
negative, 41.75.C
positive, 41.75.A
Ion channeling
cells, biological, 87.16.U
crystals, 61.85
Ion-cyclotron resonance plasma heating, 52.50.Q
Ion-cyclotron waves (plasma), 52.35.H, Q
Ion emission, secondary, 79.20.R
Ion exchange
biological systems, 82.39.W
chromatography, 82.80.B
resins, 83.80
Ionic conduction
liquids, 66.10.E
nonmetals, 66.30.H
solids, 66.30.D
Ionic interactions, atmospheric, 92.60.L
Ion implantation
germanium and silicon, 61.72.T
III–V and II–VI semiconductors, 61.72.V
plasma-based, 52.77.D
thin films, 68.55.L
VLSI technology, 85.40.R
Ionization
atoms
by atom, molecule, and ion impact, 34.50.F
by electron impact, 34.80.D
field, 79.70
molecules
by atom, molecule, and ion impact, 34.50.G
by electron impact, 34.80.G
photochemistry, 82.50
plasma, 52.25.J
Ionization chambers, 29.40.C
Ionization dosimetry, 87.66.J
Ionization potentials
atoms, 32.10.H
molecules, 33.15.R
Ionized cluster beam deposition, 81.15.J
Ionizing radiations, biological effects of, 87.50.G
Ion microscopes, 07.78
structure determination, 68.37.V
Ion–molecule collisions, 34.50
Ion–molecule reactions, 82.30.F
Ionoluminescence, 78.60.H
Ion optics, 41.85
Ionosphere
Earth, 94.20
instrumentation for, 94.80
planets, 96.35.K
polar cap, 94.20.K
Ion plating, 81.15.J
Ion propulsion, 52.75.D
Ion rings, 52.55.L
Ions
atomic
electronic structure (see 31)
atomic, properties of, 32.10
molecular
electronic structure (see 31)
properties of, 33.15
photodetachment, 32.80.G
photoionization, 32.80.F
surface neutralization, 34.50.D
Ion scattering, 34.50
structure determination, 61.18.B
from surfaces, 34.50.D, 68.49.S
Ion sources, 07.77.K
in nuclear physics, 29.25.L, N
Ion spectrometers, 07.81
Ion–surface impact, 34.50.D, 79.20.R
Ion traps, 32.80.P, 33.80.P, 39.10, 42.50.V
Iron and its alloys, ferromagnetism of, 75.50.B
Irradiation effects
biological, 87.50
on instruments, 07.89
on optical devices, 42.88
in solids, 61.80
Irreversible thermodynamics, 05.70.L
Ising model
lattice theory, 05.50
magnetic ordering, 75.10.H
Islands, geographical regions, 93.30.K
Island structure, thin films, 68.55.A
Isobaric analog resonances, 24.30.G
Isobaric spin, 21.10.H
Isomerism
biomolecules, 87.15.B
macromolecules and polymer molecules, 36.20.E
rotational, 33.15.H
Isomerization reactions, 82.30.Q
Isostasy
crustal movements, 91.45.P
relations to gravity observations, 91.45.S
Isotope effects
atoms and molecules, 31.30.G
chemical reactions, 82.20.T
Isotopes, 32.10.B
abundances and evolution, 98.80.F
radioactive, sources of, 29.25.R
separation and enrichment, 28.60

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J
Jahn–Teller effect
atoms and molecules, 31.30
condensed matter, 71.70.E
Jets
galactic, 98.62.N
interstellar matter, 98.38.F, 98.58.F
in large-Q2 scattering, 13.87
oceanic, 92.10.T
turbulent flows, 47.27.W
Joining, 81.20.V
Josephson devices, 85.25.C
Josephson effects, 74.50
Joule–Thomson effect, 51.30
Jovian satellites, 96.30.K
Junction breakdown devices, 85.30.M
Junction diodes, 85.30.K
Jupiter, 96.30.K

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K
Kaluza–Klein theory, 04.50
Kaon–baryon interactions, 13.75.J
Kaon decays
hadronic, 13.25.E
leptonic and semileptonic, 13.20.E
Kaon-induced reactions and scattering, 25.80.N
Kapitza resistance, 67.40.P
KDP crystals, 77.84.F
Kerr effect, 33.55.F, 78.20.J
Kinematics
of deformation and flow, 83.10.B
of particles, 45.50, 83.10.P
of rigid bodies, 45.40
Kinetic modes (magnetic confinement), 52.55.T
Kinetic theory
gases, 51.10
plasma, 52.25.D
statistical mechanics, 05.20.D
Klystrons, 84.40.F
Knight shift, 76.60.C
Knot theory, 02.10.K
Knudsen flow, 47.45
Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix, 12.15.H
Kondo effect
diamagnetism and paramagnetism, 75.20.H
electronic conduction in metals and alloys, 72.15.Q
electronic transport, theory of, 72.10.F
Kondo lattice, 75.30.M
Kosterlitz–Thouless transition
liquid crystals, 64.70.M
magnetic systems, 75.30.K
Kronig–Penney model, 71.15.A
Kuiper belt, 96.50.J

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L
Labeling (nuclear medicine), 87.58.J
Laboratory
computer use in, 01.50.L
course design, 01.50.Q
demonstration experiments, 01.50.P
procedures, 06.60
Laboratory facilities, national and international, 01.52
Laboratory studies of space- and
astrophysical-plasma processes, 52.72
Lagrangian mechanics, 45.20.J
Lagrangians
chiral (quark models), 12.39.F
field theory, 11.10.E
general relativity, 04.20.F
Lamallipods, 87.16.Q
Lamellae, 82.70.U
Laminar flows, 47.15, 83.50
Laminar to turbulent transition, 47.15.F, 47.27.C
Landau levels, 71.70.D
Langevin method, 05.10.G
Langmuir–Blodgett films
deposition, 81.15.L
on liquid, 68.18
on solids, 68.47.P
Lanthanum-based high-Tc superconductors, 74.72.D
Laplace equation, 41.20.C
Laser ablation
plasma, 52.38.P
solids, 79.20.D
Laser beam annealing, 61.80.B
Laser beam machining, 42.62.C
Laser deposition
nanofabrication, 81.16.M
thin films, 81.15.F
Laser diodes, 42.55.P
Laser Doppler velocimeters, 42.79.Q
Laser-driven acceleration, 41.75.J
Laser imaging, medical, 42.62.B, 87.63.L
Laser inertial confinement, 52.57
Laser materials, 42.70.H
Laser-modified scattering
of atoms and molecules, 34.50.R
of electrons, 34.80.Q
Laser operation
continuous, 42.60.P
long-pulse, 42.60.R
Laser-plasma interactions, 52.38
Laser-produced plasma, 52.50.J
Laser radiation
biological effects, 87.50.H
characteristics, 42.60.J
impact phenomena, 79.20.D
propagation (atmospheric optics), 42.68
surface irradiation effects, 61.80.B
Laser range finders, 06.30.G, 42.79.Q
Lasers
applications of, 42.62
general theory of, 42.55.A
optical systems, 42.60
types of, 42.55
Laser spectroscopy, 42.62.F
condensed matter, 78.47
Laser targets, 52.57.B
Laser velocimeters, 06.30.G, 42.79.Q
Latent heat, 05.70.C, 65.40.G
Latex rubber, 83.80.V
Lattice dynamics
crystals (see 63)
solid helium, 67.80.C
Lattice fermion models, 71.10.F
Lattice gauge theory, 11.15.H
Lattice QCD calculations, 12.38.G
Lattice theory and statistics, 05.50
Lava, 91.40.H
Laves phases (superconductivity), 74.70.A
Leak detectors (vacuum technology), 07.30.H
Least square approximation, 02.60.E
Lectures
announcements, 01.10.F
publications, 01.30.B
LEED, 61.14.H
Length measurement, 06.30.B
Lenses
acoustical, *43.58.L
design, 42.15.E
electrostatic, 41.85.N
gravitational, 95.30.S
optical, 42.79.B
Lepton number, 11.30.F
Leptons
beta decay, 23.40
decays, 13.35
in decays
of baryons, 13.30.C
of mesons, 13.20
interactions with hadrons, 13.60
masses and mixing, 12.15.F
nuclear reactions, 25.30
production in hadronic interactions, 13.85.Q
properties, 14.60
weak and electromagnetic interactions, 13.10
Level crossing
atoms, 32.80.B
molecules, 33.80.B
Level splitting
atoms, 32.60
molecules, 33.55.B
solids, 71.70
Levitation, acoustic, *43.25.U
Levitation devices, magnetic, 85.70.R
superconducting, 85.25.L
Levy flights, 05.40.F
LIDAR, 42.68.W, 42.79.Q
Lie algebra, 02.20.S
Lie groups, 02.20.T
Lifetimes
atomic spectra, 32.70.C
molecular spectra, 33.70.C
nuclear energy levels, 21.10.T
Ligand fields, 71.70.C
Light
biological effects, 87.50.H
interaction with matter, 42.50.C
mechanical effects on atoms and molecules, 32.80.L, 42.50.V
underwater, 92.10.P
zodiacal, 96.50.D
Light absorption and transmission, 42.25.B
effects of atomic coherence on, 42.50.G
Light-emitting diodes, 85.60.J
Lightning, 52.80.M
Light pressure, 42.50.V
Light scattering
atmospheric optics, 42.68.M, 94.10.G
condensed matter, 78.35
plasma, 52.25.O
wave optics, 42.25.F
Light-sensitive materials, 42.70.G
Light sources, 42.72
Limiters, electronic, 84.30.Q
Limnology, 92.40.N
Linear accelerators, 29.17
Linear energy transfer (medical physics), 87.52.D, G, L
Line shape and width, 32.70.J, 33.70.J
Lipids, 87.14.C
Liquid crystals
anchoring, 61.30.H
defects, 61.30.J
dielectric properties, 77.84.N
displays, 42.79.K
microconfined, 61.30.P
optical devices, 42.79.K
optical materials, 42.70.D
orientation, 61.30.G
phase transitions, 64.70.M
polymer, 61.30.V
polymer dispersed, 61.30.P
rheology, 83.80.X
structure, 61.30.C, E
Liquid–glass transitions, 64.70.P
Liquid helium. see 67
Liquid–liquid interfaces, 68.05
Liquid–liquid transitions, 64.70.J
Liquid metals and alloys
electrical and thermal conduction, 72.15.C
electronic structure, 71.22
structure, 61.25.M
Liquid-phase epitaxy, 81.15.L
Liquids
acoustical properties, 62.60
associated, 61.20.Q
dielectric properties, 77.84.N
diffusion in, 66.10.C
electric discharge in, 52.80.W
heat capacities, 65.20
infrared spectra, 78.30.C
ionic conduction in, 66.10.E
magnetic, 75.50.M
mechanical properties, 62.10
molecular, 61.25.E
noble gas, 61.25.B
osmosis, 66.10.C
photoluminescence, 78.55.B
pressure effects, 62.50
Raman spectra, 78.30.C
structure, 61.20, 61.25
thermal conduction, 66.60
ultraviolet spectra, 78.40.D
visible spectra, 78.40.D
Liquid semiconductors
conductivity, 72.80.P
electron density of states, 71.22
Liquid–solid interfaces, 68.08
Liquid–solid transitions, 64.70.D
Liquid thin films, 68.15
Liquid–vapor transitions, 64.70.F
Lithography
integrated electronics, 85.40.H
integrated optics, 42.82.C
nanolithography, 81.16.N
Lithosphere, rheology of, 91.10.R
Local-density approximation
atomic and molecular physics, 31.15.E
condensed matter, 71.15.M
Local Group, 98.56
Localization
conductivity in metals and alloys, 72.15.R
disordered structures, 71.23, 71.55.J
lattice dynamics, 63.20.P
mobility edges, 72.20.E
sound sources, *43.66.Q
superconductivity, 74.40
surface and interface states, 73.20.F
weak, 72.15.R, 73.20.F
Locomotion
cells, 87.17.J
higher organisms, 87.19.S
Logic, mathematical, 02.10.A
Logic devices
optical, 42.79.T
superconducting, 85.25.H
Lorentz invariance, 11.30.C
Lorentz transformation, 03.30
Loudspeakers, *43.38.J
Low-dimensional structures
devices, 85.35.B
electrical properties, 73.61
electron states, 73.21.F, H, L
optical properties, 78.66
structure and nonelectronic properties, 68.65.F, H, L
Low energy electron diffraction (LEED), 61.14.H
Low energy electron microscopy, 68.37.N
Low mass nuclear reactions, 25.10
Low temperature techniques, 07.20.M
LSI, 85.40
Lubrication
effects of materials treatment, 81.40.P
rheology, 83.50
Luminescence spectra
atoms, 32.50
biomolecules, 87.15.M
condensed matter, 78.60
molecules, 33.50
Luminosity
galaxies, 98.62.Q, 98.62.V
stars, 97.10.R, 97.10.X
Lunar probes, 95.55.P
Luttinger liquid, 71.10.P
superconductivity, 74.20.M
Lyman forest (quasars), 98.62.R
Lyotropic phases, 61.30.S

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M
Machining
materials, 81.20.W
workshop techniques, 06.60.V
Mach number, 47.40
Macromolecules
biological, 87.15
properties, 36.20
solutions, 61.25.H
Macroscopic quantum tunneling (magnetism), 74.75
Macrosonics, 43.25
Magellanic stream, 98.56.T
Magma (rheology), 83.80.N
Magnetic aftereffects, 75.60.L
Magnetic anisotropy, 75.30.G
Magnetic annealing, 75.60.N
Magnetic bubbles, 75.70.K
Magnetic circular dichroism
biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.N
condensed matter, 78.20.L
molecules, 33.55.A
Magnetic confinement and equilibrium, 52.55
Magnetic cooling
cryogenics, 07.20.M
magnetocaloric effect, 75.30.S
Magnetic coordinate systems, 94.30.B
Magnetic cores, 85.70
Magnetic devices, 85.70
Magnetic domains, 75.60.C
films, 75.70.K
Magnetic fields
astronomical observations, 95.85.S
biological physics, 87.50.M
effects on material flow, 83.60.N
electromagnetism, 41.20
external galaxies, 98.62.E
generation of, 07.55.D
lunar, 96.20.J
magnetospheric, 94.30.M
measurement of, 07.55.G
Milky Way, 98.35.E
planetary, 96.35.P
solar, 96.60.H
solar wind, 96.50.B
stellar, 97.10.L
terrestrial, 91.25
Magnetic force microscopy, 68.37.R
instrumentation, 07.79.P
Magnetic heads, 85.70.K
Magnetic hysteresis, 76.60.E
Magnetic impurity interactions, 75.30.H
Magnetic induction, 41.20.G
Magnetic instruments, 07.55
Magnetic lenses, 41.85.L
Magnetic levitation devices, 85.70.R
superconducting, 85.25.L
Magnetic liquids, 75.50.M
Magnetic logic, reprogrammable, 85.75.F
Magnetic materials, 75.50
Magnetic memory
using giant magnetoresistance, 85.75.B
using magnetic tunnel junctions, 85.75.D
Magnetic mirrors, 52.55.J
Magnetic moments
atoms, 32.10.D
hadrons, 13.40.E
local, in compounds and alloys, 75.20.H
magnetometers for, 07.55.J
molecules, 33.15.K
Magnetic monopoles, 14.80.H
Magnetic multilayers, 75.70
Magnetic ordering, 75.10, 75.25
Magnetic permeability measurement, 07.55
Magnetic phase transitions, 75.30.K
Magnetic phenomena in gases, 51.60
Magnetic properties
clusters, 36.40.C
condensed matter (see 75)
gases, 51.60
materials treatment effects on, 81.40.R
nanostructures, 75.75
rocks and minerals, 91.60.P
solid helium, 67.80.J
superconductors, 74.25.H
Magnetic propulsion devices, 85.70.R
Magnetic reconnection in plasmas, 52.35.V
Magnetic recording devices, 85.70.K, L
sound recording, *43.38.Q
Magnetic recording materials, 75.50.S
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
condensed matter, 76.60.P
medical applications, 87.61
rheological applications, 83.85.F
Magnetic resonance (radiation measurement), 87.66.U
Magnetic resonance spectra
atoms, 32.30.D
condensed matter (see 76)
molecules, 33.25
Magnetic resonance spectrometers, 07.57.P
Magnetic semiconductors
conductivity, 72.20
magnetic properties, 75.50.P
Magnetic shielding, 41.20.G
in instruments, 07.55.N
Magnetic storms, 94.30.L
Magnetic susceptibility
magnetically ordered materials, 75.30.C
magnetometers for, 07.55.J
molecules, 33.15.K
Magnetic tail (magnetosphere), 94.30.E
Magnetic thin films
devices, 85.70.K
properties, 75.70
Magnetic traps, 52.55.J, 52.55.L
Magnetic variables measurement, 07.55
Magnetization
magnetic materials, 75.60.E
magnetometers for, 07.55.J
reversal, 75.60.J
superconductors, 74.25.H
Magnetized target fusion, 52.55.L
Magnetoacoustic devices, 85.70.E
Magnetoacoustic effects, *43.35.R
bulk matter, 72.55
thin films, 73.50.R
Magnetoactive discharges, 52.80.S
Magnetocaloric effect, 75.30.S
Magnetoelastic effects, 75.80
Magnetoelasticity, 46.25.H
Magnetoelectric devices, 85.80.J
Magnetoelectric effects, 75.80
Magnetoelectronic devices, 85.70.X
spin polarized transport, 85.75
Magnetoexcitons, 71.35.J
Magnetohydrodynamic energy conversion, 52.75.F, 84.60.L
Magnetohydrodynamics
in astrophysics, 95.30.Q
fluids, 47.65
plasma dynamics and flow, 52.30.C
plasma simulation, 52.65.K
Magnetomechanical effects, 75.80
Magnetometers, 07.55.G, J
superconducting, 85.25.D
Magnetooptical devices, 85.70.S
Magnetooptical effects, 78.20.L
Magnetopause, 94.30.D
Magnetoresistance
colossal, 75.30.V
giant, 75.70.P
magnetic memory, 85.75.B
metals and alloys, 72.15.G
quantum Hall effects, 73.43.Q
semiconductors, 72.20.M
thin films, 73.50.J
Magnetorheological fluids, 83.80.G
Magnetosheath, 94.30.V
Magnetosphere
Earth
configuration, 94.30.C
interactions with ionosphere, 94.20.Y
ring currents, 94.30.J
planetary, 96.35.K
Magnetostatic devices, 85.70.E
Magnetostatics, 41.20.G
Magnetostratigraphy, 91.25.P
Magnetostriction, 75.80
Magnetostrictive devices, 85.70.E
Magnetotelluric effects (geomagnetism), 91.25.Q
Magnetothermal devices, 85.80.L
Magnetrons, 84.40.F
Magnets, 07.55.D
for beam optics, 41.85.L
permanent, 75.50.W
superconducting, 85.25.L
Magnons, 75.30.D
photon–magnon interactions, 71.36
scattering by (electronic transport), 72.10.D
Majorana–Weyl fields, 04.50
Majorons, 14.80.M
Mammography, 87.59.E
Manifolds, 02.40.S, T
Manipulators, 06.60.S
Mantle, 91.35.G
rheology of, 91.10.R
Many-body theory
nuclear reactions, 24.10.C
relativistic scattering theory, 11.80.J
Many-electron systems, theories of, 71.10
Map lattices, coupled, 05.45.R
Marine geology, 91.50
Marine life, acoustical detection of, *43.30.S
Marine pollution, 92.20.N
Markov processes, 02.50.G
Mars, 96.30.G
Martensitic transformations, 81.30.K
Masers, 84.40.I
circumstellar, 97.10.F
interstellar
external galaxies, 98.58.E
Milky Way, 98.38.E
Masking
lithography, 42.82.C, 85.40
psychological acoustics, *43.66.D
Mass
galactic, 98.60.F, 98.62.V
measurement of, 06.30.D
nuclear, 21.10.D, G
planetary, 96.35.F
stellar, 97.10.N, 97.10.X
Mass differences, electromagnetic, 13.40.D
Mass ejection (corona), 96.60.W
Mass spectra, 32.10.B, 33.15.T
Mass spectrometers, 07.75
Mass spectrometry
Fourier transform, 82.80.N
ion cyclotron resonance, 82.80.Q
SIMS, 68.49.S, 82.80.M
time-of-flight, 82.80.R
Mass-to-light ratio (galaxies), 98.62.V
Material flow, 83.50
rock mechanics, 91.60.B
Materials, new: theory, design, and fabrication, 81.05.Z
Materials processing, 81.20
rheology, 83.50.U
Materials science. See 81
Materials synthesis, specific materials, 81.05
Materials testing and analysis, 81.70
Mathematical methods in physics. See 02
Matrix theory, 02.10.Y
Matter waves, 03.75
Mean free path, electron
bulk matter, 72.15.L
thin films, 73.50.G
Measurements common to several branches of physics and astronomy, 06.30
Measurement theory (quantum mechanics), 03.65.T
Measurement units and standards, 06.20.F
Mechanical alloying, 81.20.E
Mechanical contacts, 46.55
Mechanical effects of light, 42.50.V
Mechanical instability, 46.32
Mechanical instruments, 07.10
Mechanical properties
beams, plates, and shells, 46.70.D
biological tissues and organs, 87.19.R
biomolecules, 87.15.L
deformation and flow, 83.50
fluids, 47.17
gases, 51.35
liquids, 62.10
materials treatment effects, 81.40
solids, 62.20
solid surfaces and interfaces, 68.35.G
superconductors, 74.25.L
thin films, 68.60.B
Mechanical resonance, 62.40
Mechanical systems, control of, 45.80
Mechanical testing, 81.70.B
Mechanical variables measurement, 07.10
Mechanical vibrations, 46.40
Mechanical waves
resonance and damping, 46.40.F
wave propagation, 46.40.C
Mechanics
celestial, 45.50.P, 95.10.C
classical, 45
continuum, 46, 83.10.F
Lagrangian and Hamiltonian, 45.20.J
Newtonian, 45.20.D
quantum, 03.65
quantum statistical, 05.30
statistical, 05.20
structural, 46.70
Medical imaging
equipment, 87.62
general, 87.57
magnetic resonance, 87.61
non-ionizing radiation, 87.63
nuclear medicide, 87.58
techniques, 87.59
x-ray, 87.59
Medical physics. See 87
Meissner effect, 74.25.H
Melting, 64.70.D
Melts
crystal growth from, 81.10.F
film deposition from, 81.15.L
Melt-textured superconductors, 74.80.B
Membrane processes
biological, 87.15.K, 87.16.D
biological systems, 82.39.W
Membranes
structural acoustics, *43.40.D
structural mechanics of, 46.70.H
Memory devices
magnetic, 85.70, 85.75
optical, 42.79.V
superconducting, 85.25.H
Mercury-based high-Tc superconductors, 74.72.H
Mercury (planet), 96.30.D
Mergers (galaxies), 98.65.F
MESFET, 85.30.T
Mesonic atoms and molecules, 36.10.G
Meson–meson interactions, 13.75.L
Mesons
hadronic decays, 13.25
leptonic decays, 13.20
production by photons and leptons, 13.60.L
properties, 14.40
reactions and scattering induced by, 25.80
Mesophase rheology (liquid crystals), 83.80.X
Mesoscopic systems
electronic transport, 73.23, 73.63
electron states and collective excitations, 73.21
structure and nonelectronic properties, 68.65
Mesosphere, 94.10
Mesozoic period, 91.70.D
Metabolism, 87.58
Metal–based composites, 81.05.N
Metal–insulator–metal structures, 73.40.R
Metal–insulator–semiconductor structures, 73.40.Q
Metal–insulator transition, 71.30
Metallic glasses
electronic structure, 71.23.C
synthesis, 81.05.K
Metallization, integrated circuits, 85.40.L
Metallurgy. See 81
Metal–metal contacts, 73.40.J
Metal–nonmetal contacts, 73.40.N
Metals
amorphous (transport properties), 72.15.C
band structure, 71.20.B, D, E, G
diamagnetism and paramagnetism, 75.20.E
impurity and defect absorption, 78.40.K
impurity and defect levels, 71.55.A
infrared spectra, 78.30.E
liquid
electrical and thermal conduction, 72.15.C
electronic structure, 71.22
structure, 61.25.M
mass renormalization, 71.38.C
phase diagrams, 81.30.B
photoemission and photoelectron spectra, 79.60.B
processing, 81.05.B
radiation effects, 61.82.B
Raman spectra, 78.30.E
self-diffusion in, 66.30.F
spin polarized transport, 72.25.B
structure
amorphous, 61.43.D
crystalline, 61.66.B
superconducting, 74.70.A
thin films
electrical conductivity, 73.61.A
optical properties, 78.66.B
transport processes, 72.15
visible and ultraviolet spectra, 78.40.K
Metal–semiconductor–metal structures, 73.40.S
Metal vapor lasers, 42.55.L
Metamagnetism, 75.30.K
Metastable phases, 64.60.M
Meteorites, 96.50.M
effects of cosmic rays on, 96.40.V
Meteorological factors
in acoustical noise propagation, *43.50.V
in atmospheric sound, *43.28.F
Meteorology, 92.60
Meteors, 96.50.K
Metrology, 06.20
laser applications, 42.62.E
MHD modes (magnetic confinement), 52.55.T
Micelles, 82.70.U
reactions in, 82.33.N
rheology of, 83.80.Q
Microcavity and microdisk lasers, 42.55.S
Microdosimetry, 87.53.R
Micro-electromechanical systems, 85.85
Microelectronics, 85.40
superconducting, 85.25.N
vacuum, 85.45
Microemulsions, interfacial properties of, 68.05.C
Microgels (rheology), 83.80.K
Microgravity environments
for crystal growth, 81.10.M
materials testing in, 81.70.H
Microlensing techniques (astronomy), 95.75.D
Micromachining
biology, 87.80.M
microelectronics, 85.40.H
Micromanipulators (biology), 87.80.F
Micromechanical devices, 07.10.C
Microparticles
magnetic materials, 75.50.T
optical properties, 78.66.V
Microphones, 43.58
Microscopy
acoustical, *43.35.S, *43.58.L
atomic force
in biophysics, 87.64.D
instrumentation, 07.79.L
structure determination, 68.37.P
electron
in biophysics, 87.64.E
dislocation observations, 61.72.F
instrumentation, 07.78
structure determination, 68.37.E, H, L, N
field-ion and field emission
instrumentation, 07.78
structure determination, 68.37.V
friction force, 07.79.S
magnetic force
instrumentation, 07.79.P
structure determination, 68.37.R
optical
in biophysics, 87.64.R
conventional, 07.60.P
near-field scanning, 07.79.F
scanning tunneling
in biophysics, 87.64.D
instrumentation, 07.79.C
structure determination, 68.37.E
x-ray
instrumentation, 07.85.T
structure determination, 68.37.Y
Microstructure
crystals, 61.72
liquid crystals, 61.30.C
materials treatment effects, 81.40
solidification, 81.30
Microtubules, cellular, 87.16.K
Microwave circuits, 84.40.D
integrated, 84.40.L
Microwave optical double resonance spectroscopy, 33.40
Microwave radiation
biological effects, 87.50.J
interactions with condensed matter, 78.70.G
in plasma, 52.25.O
plasma heating by, 52.50.G
receivers and detectors, 07.57.K
sources, 07.57.H
therapy, 87.54
wave propagation, 41.20.J, 84.40
Microwave spectra
astronomical observations, 95.85.B
atoms, 32.30.B
molecules, 33.20.B
Microwave spectrometers, 07.57.P
Microwave spectroscopy (chemical analysis), 82.80.H
Microwave technology, 84.40
Microwave tubes, 84.40.F
Mie scattering, 42.25.F, 42.68.M
Military technology, 89.20.D
Milky Way, 98.35
solar neighborhood, 98.35.P
Millimeter wave technology, 84.40
Milling, 81.20.W
Mineralogy
geophysical aspects, 91.65
Moon, 96.20.D
Minerals
occurences and deposits, 91.65.R
physical properties, 91.60
Minisuperspace models, 04.60.K
Minor planets, 96.30.Y
Mirrors
magnetic (plasma), 52.55.J
optical, 42.79.B
design, 42.15.E
Mixed conductivity, 72.60
Mixed state (superconductivity), 74.60.E
Mixed-valence solids, 71.28, 75.20.H, 75.30.M
Mixers, electronic, 84.30.Q
Mixing
granular systems, 45.70.M
materials processing (rheology), 83.50.X
solutions, 64.75
Mixtures, 64.75
Mobility edges, 72.20.E
MOCVD, 81.15.G
Mode coupling, in plasmas, 52.35.M
Mode locking, 42.60.F
Moderators (nuclear reactors), 28.41.P
Modulation doped field effect transistors (MODFET)
Modulation transfer functions
atmospheric optics, 42.68
eye, 42.66
imaging and optical processing, 42.30.L
Modulators
electronic, 84.30.Q
lasers, 42.60.F
optical, 42.79.H
Moire patterns, 42.30.M
Moisture
atmosphere, 92.60.J
measurement of, 07.07.V
soil, 92.40.L
Molding, 81.20.H
Molecular beam epitaxy, 81.15.H
Molecular beams
chemical reactions, 34.50.L
interactions with solids, 79.20.R
sources and detectors, 07.77.G
structural irradiation effects, 61.80.L
Molecular biophysics, 87.15
Molecular clouds
in external galaxies, 98.58.D
in the Milky Way, 98.38.D
Molecular clusters, 36.40
Molecular collisions. see 34
Molecular conformation, 33.15.B
biomolecules, 87.15.H
macromolecules and polymers, 36.20.E
Molecular dynamics
biomolecules, 87.15.H
correlation times, 33.15.V
macromolecules and polymers, 36.20.E
rheology, 83.10.M
computer simulation of, 83.10.R
Molecular dynamics calculations
atomic and molecular physics, 31.15.Q
condensed matter, 71.15.P
disordered solids, 61.43.B
liquid structure, 61.20.J
mathematical methods, 02.70.N
in plasmas, 52.65.Y
Molecular electronic devices, 85.65
Molecular flows, 47.45.D
Molecular interactions
biomolecules, 87.15.K
fundamentals of astrophysics, 95.30.F
Molecular liquids, structure of, 61.25.E
Molecular moments, 33.15.K
Molecular nanostructures, fabrication of, 81.07.N
Molecular-orbital methods
atoms and molecules, 31.15.N
solids, 71.15.A
Molecular physics. See 30
Molecular sieves, 82.75
Molecular solids, 31.70.K
Molecular spectra, 33.20
astrophysics, 95.30.K
Molecular structure, 33.15
Molecular weights (macromolecules and polymers), 36.20.C
Molecule manipulation
proteins and other biological molecules, 82.37.R
STM and AFM studies, 82.37.G
Molecule–molecule reactions, 82.30.C
Molecules
cooling and trapping of, 33.80.P
scattering, 34.50
from surfaces, 34.50.D, 68.49.D
Molten salts, structure of, 61.20.Q
Monochromators, charged-particle, 41.85.S
Monographs, 01.30.E
Monolayers, 68.18, 68.47.P
electrochemistry, 82.45.M
Monolytic integrated circuits, 85.40
Monopoles, magnetic, 14.80.H
Monte Carlo method
applications of, 02.50.U
disordered solids, 61.43.B
justification or modification of, 02.50.T
liquid structure, 61.20.J
nuclear-reaction models, 24.10.L
nuclear structure, 21.60.K
plasma simulation, 52.65
in probability theory and statistics, 02.50.N
quantum, 02.70.S
radiotherapy, 87.53.W
statistical physics and nonlinear dynamics, 05.10. L
Moon, 96.20
Morphogenesis, 87.18.L
Morphometry, 87.80.P
MOS devices, 85.30.T
MOSFET, 85.30.T
Mössbauer spectroscopy
in biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.P
in chemical analysis, 82.80.E
molecules, 33.45
solids, 76.80
structural analysis, 61.18.F
Motion (classical mechanics), 45.50.D
Motion sensors, 07.07.D
Motor proteins, 87.16.N
Motors, 84.50
MRI, 87.61
Multicomponent plasmas, 52.27.C
Multidimensional NMR, 82.56.F
Multilayers
electron states, 73.21.A
magnetic ordering, 75.70.C
optical properties, 78.66
structure and nonelectronic properties, 68.65.A
superconductivity, 74.80.D
Multinuclear NMR, 82.56.H
Multiphase flows, 47.55.K
Multiphoton ionization and excitation
atomic spectra, 32.80.R
molecular spectra, 33.80.R
quantum optics, 42.50.H
Multiphoton microscopy (biophysics), 87.64.V
Multiphoton processes, in photochemistry, 82.50.P
Multiple resonances (molecular spectroscopy), 33.40
Multiple scattering (relativistic theory), 11.80.L
Multiplexers, 42.79.S
Multivariate analysis, 02.50.S
Muon–hadron scattering, 13.60
Muonic atoms and molecules, 36.10.D
Muon-induced nuclear reactions, 25.30.M
Muonium, 36.10.D
chemical reactions, 82.20.T
Muon–lepton scattering, 13.10
Muons
astronomical observations, 95.85.R
capture by nuclei, 23.40
cosmic rays, 96.40.T
decays, 13.35.B
properties, 14.60.E
scattering, 25.30.M
Muon spin rotation and relaxation, 76.75
Muscles, 87.19.F
Music and musical instruments, 43.75
electronic, computer music, *43.75.W
wind instruments, *43.75.P, Q

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O
Obituaries, 01.60, *43.05.S
Observatories, 95.45
Occultations, 95.10.G
Ocean basin thermometry, *43.30.Q
Ocean biology, 92.20.J
Ocean bottom processes, 91.50.E
Ocean chemistry, 92.20.C
Ocean/Earth/atmosphere interaction, 91.10.V
Oceanic crust seismology, 91.30.Y
Oceanographic regions, 93.30
Oceanography, 92.10
acoustical methods in, *43.30.P
Oceans
fine structure and microstructure, 92.10.N
global changes, 92.70.J
thermohaline structure and circulation, 92.10.M
ODMR, 76.70.H
Ohmic contacts, 73.40.C
Omega mesons, 14.40.E
One-dimensional conductivity, 72.15.N
One-meson exchange models, 12.40.V
Oort cloud, 96.50.H
Opalescence, 78.20
Operational calculus, 02.30.V
Operator theory, 02.30.T
Ophthalmic optics, 42.66.C
Optical absorption
in atmosphere, 42.68.A, 94.10.G
in condensed matter, 78.20.C
in plasma, 52.25.O
wave propagation, 42.25.B
Optical activity
condensed matter, 78.20.E
molecules, 33.55.A
Optical beam splitters, 42.79.F
Optical bistability, 42.65.P
Optical coatings, 42.79.W
Optical collimators, 42.79.A
Optical communication systems, 42.79.S
Optical computers, 42.79.T
Optical constants, 78.20.C
Optical cooling and trapping
atoms, 32.80.P
molecules, 33.80.P
Optical correlation, 42.30
Optical correlators, 42.79.H
Optical couplers, 42.82.E
fiber-optical, 42.81.Q
non-fiber-optical, 42.79.G
Optical design, 42.15.E
Optical devices, 42.79
Optical disks, 42.79.V
Optical elements, 42.79
Optical fibers, 42.81
Optical filters, 42.79.C
Optical frequency converters, 42.79.N
Optical instabilities (quantum optics), 42.65.S
Optical instruments, 07.60
Optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR), 76.70.H
Optical materials, 42.70
Optical methods in rheology, 83.85.E
Optical mixing, 42.65.H, K
Optical models (nuclear reactions), 24.10.H
Optical modulators, 42.79.H
Optical nutation, 42.50.M
Optical processors, 42.79.H
Optical properties
bulk materials and thin films, 78.20
clusters, 36.40.V
gases, 51.70
materials treatment effects on, 81.40.T
nanocrystals and nanoparticles, 78.67.B
nanotubes, 78.67.C
plasma, 52.70.K
quantum dots, 78.67.H
quantum wells, 78.67.D
quantum wires, 78.67.L
rocks and minerals, 91.60.M
specific thin films, 78.66
surfaces, 78.68
Optical pumping
atoms, 32.80.B
molecules, 33.80.B
Optical radars, 42.79.Q
Optical scanners, 42.79.L
Optical sensors, 07.07.D, 42.79.P
Optical storage
devices, 42.79.V
media, 42.70.L
Optical switches, 42.65.P, 42.79.T
Optical systems, 42.79
design, 42.15.E
Optical testing, 42.87
Optical tomography, 42.30.W
Optical transfer function, 42.30.L
Optical trapping (biology), 87.80
Optical waveguides, 42.82.E
fiber, 42.81.Q
non-fiber, 42.79.G
nonlinear, 42.65.W
Optical workshop techniques, 42.86
Optic nerve, 42.66.E
Optics. See 42
Optoelectronic devices, 85.60
Optogalvanic spectroscopic methods, 82.80.K
Orbits (astronomy)
determination of, 95.10.E
planetary, 96.35.F
Order–disorder transitions, 64.60.C, 64.70.K, 81.30.H
crystallographic aspect, 61.50.K
materials science aspects, 81.30.H
surfaces, 68.35.R
Organelles, 87.16.T
Organic compounds
absorption and reflection spectra, 78.40.M
dielectric properties, 77.84.J
electronic structure, 71.20.R
EPR spectra, 76.30
fabrication, 81.05.L
infrared and Raman spectra, 78.30.J
optical materials, 42.70.J
photoemission and photoelectron spectra, 79.60.F
photoluminescence, 78.55.K
radiation effects, 61.82.P
structure, 61.66.H
superconductivity, 74.70.K
thin films
conductivity, 73.61.P
optical properties, 78.66.Q
Organic–inorganic hybrid nanostructures, 81.07.P
Organic semiconductors, 72.80.L
Organisms
properties of, 87.19
radiation and external field effects on, 87.50
Oscillating flow, 47.35
Oscillations
laser, 42.60.R
plasma, 52.35
seismological, 91.30.K
solar, 96.60.L
stellar, 97.10.S
Oscillators
coupled, 05.45.X
electronic, 84.30.N
optical parametric, 42.65.Y
Oscillator strengths
atomic spectra, 32.70.C
molecular spectra, 33.70.C
Oscilloscopes, 07.07.H
Osmosis, in biological systems, 82.39.W
Osteodensitometry, 87.59.L
Oxidation, 81.65.M
Oxides
dielectric properties, 77.84.B
refractories, 81.05.J
Ozone layer
atmospheric chemistry, 82.33.T
global change, 92.70.C

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P
Pacific Ocean, 93.30.P
Pairing interactions (electronic structure), 71.10.L
Pairing symmetries (superconductivity), 74.20.R
Pair production, 23.20.R
Paleomagnetism, 91.25.N
Paleozoic period, 91.70.F
Parallaxes (stellar), 97.10.V
Paramagnetic resonance, 76.30
Paramagnetism, 75.20
Parametric oscillators and amplifiers, optical, 42.65.Y
Parity
nuclear properties, 21.10.H
symmetry (fields and particles), 11.30.E
Partial differential equations, 02.30.J
Particle acceleration
classical mechanics, 45.50.D
interplanetary space, 95.50.P
Particle beams sources, 52.59
Particle correlations, relativistic collisions, 25.75.G
Particle generation (laser–plasma interactions), 52.38.P
Particle-in-cell method (plasma simulation), 52.65.R
Particle orbits
classical mechanics, 45.50.P
plasma, 52.20.D
plasma simulation, 52.65.C
Particle production (relativistic collisions), 25.75.D
Particle-theory models (Early Universe), 98.80.C
Passivation, 81.65
Pastes, 83.80.H
Patch clamping (biology), 87.80.J
Path-integral methods (atomic physics), 31.15.K
Pattern formation
cells, biological, 87.18.H
chemical kinetics, 82.40.C
complex systems, 89.75.K
ecological, 87.23
fluid dynamics, 47.54
granular systems, 45.70.Q
Pattern recognition
acoustics, *43.60.L
optics, 42.30.S
Pattern selection (fluid dynamics), 47.54
Pattern transfer techniques
integrated electronics, 85.40.H
integrated optics, 42.82.C
(p,?) reactions, 25.40.Q
Peierls instability
electronic conduction, 72.15.N
metal–insulator transitions, 71.30
Penetration depth (superconductivity), 74.25.H
Penning discharges, 52.80.S
Perception
speech, 43.71
visual, 42.66.S
Percolation (phase transitions), 64.60.A
Permanent magnets, 75.50.W
Permittivity, 77.22.C
Perovskites (superconductivity), 74.72, 74.76.B
Persistent currents (mesoscopic systems), 73.23.R
Personal notes, 01.60
Perturbation theory
atomic physics, 31.15.M
classical mechanics, 45.10.H
continuum mechanics, 46.15.F
electronic structure of solids, 71.15
gauge field theories, 11.15.B
plasma simulation, 52.65.V
quantum chromodynamics, 12.38.B, C
Petrology
geophysical aspects, 91.65
Moon, 96.20.D
Phantoms (dosimetry), 87.66.X
Phase, of electromagnetic field, 42.50.D
Phase coherence
matter waves, 03.75.D
quantum optics, 42.50.G
Phase conjugation, 42.65.H
Phase contrast microscopy (biophysics), 87.64.R
Phase diagrams
electrons, 71.10.H
metals and alloys, 81.30.B
nonmetallic systems, 81.30.D
superconductors, 74.25.D
Phase equilibria. See 64
Phase identification (thin films), 68.55.N
Phase retrieval (optics), 42.30.R
Phase separation, 64.75
Phase transitions, 05.70.F, 64.60, 64.70
chemical thermodynamics, 82.60.F
clusters, 36.40.E
crystallographic aspects, 61.50.K
displacive, 63.70
excitonic, 71.35.L
ferroelectric, 77.80.B
Langmuir–Blodgett films, 68.18.J
magnetic, 75.30.K
nanoscale materials, 64.70.N
quantum Hall effects, 73.43.N
rheology, 83.10.T
rocks and minerals, 91.60.H
solid–solid, 81.30
at surfaces and interfaces, 68.35.R
Philosophy of science, 01.70
PH measurement, 82.80.Y
Phonon–exciton interactions, 63.20.L
Phonon–magnon interactions, 63.20.L
Phonon–phonon interactions, 63.20.K
Phonons
crystal lattices, 63.20
low-dimensional structures, 63.22
nanoscale materials, 63.22
photon–phonon interactions, 71.36
scattering by, 72.10.D
Phosphorescence
atoms, 32.50
condensed matter, 78.55
molecules, 33.50.D
Phosphorescence microwave double resonance, 33.40
Photoacoustic effect, *43.35.U, 78.20.H
Photoacoustic spectroscopy
chemical analysis, 82.80.K
materials testing, 81.70.C
Photocathodes, 85.60.H
Photochemical reactions, control of, 82.50.N
Photochemistry, 82.50
biomolecules, 87.15.M, R
oceanography, 92.20.K
single molecule, 82.37.V
Photoconductivity
bulk matter, 72.40
thin films, 73.50.P
Photodetachment
atomic negative ions, 32.80.G
molecules, 33.80.E
Photodetectors
astronomy, 95.55.A
infrared, 07.57.K
optical devices, 42.79.P
optoelectronics, 85.60.G
superconducting, 85.25.O
Photodiodes, 85.60.D
Photodissociation
biomolecules, 87.15.M
molecules, 33.80.G
pump-probe studies of, 82.53.E
Photodynamic therapy, 87.54.F
Photoelasticity, 78.20.H
Photoelectrets, 77.22.E
Photoelectric energy conversion, 84.60.J
Photoelectron microscopy, 68.37.X
Photoelectron spectroscopy
biophysics, 87.64.L
chemical analysis, 82.80.P
condensed matter, 79.60
molecules, 33.60
Photoemission, 79.60
Photofission, 25.85.J
Photogrammetry, 91.10.L
Photography, 07.68
astronomical applications, 95.75.D
Photoionization
atoms, 32.80.F
inner-shell ionization, 32.80.H
multiphoton ionization, 32.80.R
biomolecules, 87.15.M
molecules, 33.80.E
multiphoton ionization, 33.80.R
photochemical reactions, 82.50
Photolithography, 85.40.H
Photoluminescence, 78.55
Photolysis, 82.50.V
Photometers, 07.60.D
in astronomy, 95.55.Q, 95.75.D
Photomultipliers, 85.60.H
nuclear physics, 29.40
Photon–atom interactions, 32.80
coherent control of, 32.80.Q
Photon counting and statistics, 42.50.A
Photon echo, 42.50.M
Photon–hadron scattering, 13.60
Photonic band gap materials, 42.70.Q
Photonic switching, 42.65.P, 42.79.S, T
Photon–molecule interactions, 33.80
Photons
inclusive production, 13.85.Q
interactions with hadrons, 13.60
nonclassical states, 42.50.D
photon–magnon interactions, 71.36
properties, 14.70.B
solar, 96.40.F
Photon statistics, 42.50.A
Photon-stimulated desorption, 68.43.T, 79.20.L
Photonuclear reactions, 25.20
Photoproduction
baryons, 13.60.R
mesons, 13.60.L
nuclear, 25.20.L
Photorefractive effect
nonlinear optics, 42.65.H
optical materials, 42.70.N
Photoresistors, 84.32.F, 85.60.D
Photoresists, 85.40.H
Photosphere
solar, 96.60.M
stellar, 97.10.E
Photosynthesis (oceanography), 92.20.L
Photothermal effect, 78.20.N
Phototransistors, 85.60.D
Phototubes, 85.60.H
Photovoltaic conversion, 84.60.J
Photovoltaic effect
bulk matter, 72.40
thin films, 73.50.P
Physical chemistry. See 82
Physics education research, 01.40.F
Physics literature and publications, 01.30
Physiological acoustics, 43.64
Physiological optics, 42.66
Physisorption, 68.43
Picosecond techniques, 06.60.J, 42.65.R, 78.47
Piezoelectric devices, 85.50
Piezoelectric fields, strain-induced, 77.65.L
Piezoelectricity, 77.65
Piezoelectric materials, 77.84
Piezooptical effects, 78.20.H
Piezoreflectance, 78.20.H
Piezoresistance
semiconductors and insulators, 72.20.F
thin films, 73.50.D
Pinch devices, 52.58.L
Pinning (superconductivity), 74.60.G
Pion absorption and capture, 25.80.G, L
Pion decays, 13.20.C, 13.25.C
Pions
astronomical observations, 95.85.R
detectors (astronomy), 95.55.V
pion–baryon reactions, 13.75.G
pion-induced nuclear reactions, 25.80
Pipe flow, 47.60
Pitch, *43.66.H
Planetary nebulae, 98.38.L, 98.58.L
Planetary rings, 96.30.W
Planets
extrasolar, 97.82
formation, 96.35.C
interaction with solar wind, 96.50.E
probes, 95.55.P
properties, 96.35
Solar System, 96.30
Plane–wave method, 71.15.A
Plankton, 92.20.R
Plasma antennas, 52.40.F
Plasma applications, 52.77
Plasma confinement
magnetic, 52.55
nonmagnetic, 52.58
Plasma crystals, 52.27.L
Plasma density, 52.25
Plasma devices, 52.75
Plasma diagnostics, 52.70
Plasma diodes, 52.75.F
Plasma discontinuities, 52.35.T
Plasma dynamics, 52.30
Plasma etching, 52.77.B
Plasma flow, 52.30
ionosphere, 94.20.W
Plasma focus devices, 52.58.L
Plasma gyrokinetics, 52.30.G
Plasma heating, 52.50
Plasma impurities, 52.25.V
Plasma instabilities, 52.35
Plasma interactions, nonlaser, 52.40
Plasma–material interactions, 52.40.H
Plasmapause, 94.20.P
Plasma production, 52.50
Plasma propulsion, 52.75.D
Plasma reactions, 82.33.X
Plasmas
astrophysical, 95.30.Q
dusty, 52.27.L
electron–positron plasmas, 52.27.E
elementary processes, 52.20
high-current, 52.77.F
high-pressure, 52.77.F
ionosphere, 94.20.W
magnetized, 52.25.X
magnetohydrodynamics, 52.30
magnetosphere, 94.30.F, G
multicomponent, 52.27.C
neutrals in, 52.25.Y
nonneutral, 52.27.J
quark-gluon, 12.38.M
relativistic, 52.27.N
sheaths, 52.40.K
single-component, 52.27.A
solid-state, 72.30, 73.50.M
strongly-coupled, 52.27.G
Plasma simulation, 52.65
Plasma sources, 52.50.D
Plasmasphere, 94.20.M
Plasma spraying, 81.15.R
Plasma switches, 52.75.K
Plasma torches, 52.75.H
Plasma turbulence, 52.35.R
Plasma waves, 52.35
interplanetary space, 96.50.R
Plasmons
bulk matter, 71.45.G
clusters, 36.40.G
surfaces and interfaces, 73.20.M
Plasticity
continuum mechanics, 46.35
materials treatment effects on, 81.40.L
mechanical properties of solids, 62.20.F
rheology, 83.50
Plastics, 83.80
preparation, 81.05.L
structure, 61.41
Plates
structural acoustics, *43.40.D
structural mechanics of, 46.70.D
Plate tectonics, 91.45.D
Pleochromism, 78.20.F
Pluto, 96.30.S
Pluton emplacement, 91.45.Y
Plutonium generation, 28.50.F
Pneumatic machinery, 47.85.K
Pneumodynamics, 87.19.U
p–n junctions, 73.40
(p,n) reactions, 25.40.K
Pockels effect, 78.20.J
Poincar invariance, 11.30.C
Point contact devices, 85.30.H
Point contacts, superconducting, 74.80.F
Point defects, 61.72.J
Poiseuille flow, 83.50
Poisson equation, 41.20.C
Poisson ratio
mechanical properties of solids, 62.20.D
treatment of materials, 81.40.J
Polar cap ionosphere, 94.20.K
Polarimeters, 07.60.F
in astronomy, 95.55.Q, 95.75.H
Polaritons, 71.36
Polarizability
atoms, 32.10.D
molecules, 33.15.K
Polarization
atmospheric optics, 42.68.M
dielectric, 77.22.E
DNMR, 76.70.F
in nuclear reactions, 24.70
optical fibers, 42.81.G
particle interactions, 13.88
starlight, 97.10.L
wave optics, 42.25.J
Polarized beams (accelerators), 29.27.H
Polarized ion sources, 29.25.L
Polarized targets, 29.25.P
Polarizers, optical, 42.79.C
Polarons
electronic structure of solids, 71.38
theory of superconductivity, 74.20.M
Polar regions, 93.30.S
Polar wobble, 91.10.N
Polishing, 42.86, 81.65, 81.65.P
Pollution
atmospheric, 92.60.S
effects on instruments, 07.89
instruments for measurement of, 07.88
marine, 92.20.N
Polyatomic molecules, electron correlation in, 31.25.Q
Polyelectrolytes, 82.35.R
Polymer blends (rheology), 83.80.T
Polymer films, 61.41, 61.P, 73, 78.66.Q
Polymerization, 82.35
biomolecules, 82.35.P, 87.15.R
Polymer molecules, 36.20
Polymer reactions, 82.35
Polymers
absorption and reflection spectra, 78.40.M
chemical reactions, 82.35
dielectric properties, 77.84.J
elastomeric, 83.80.V
electrical conductivity, 72.80.L
electronic structure
condensed matter, 71.20.R
molecules, 36.20.K
infrared and Raman spectra, 78.30.J
melts and solutions, 61.25.H
nanoparticles in, 82.35.N
nonlinear optics with, 82.35.E
optical materials, 42.70.J
photoemission and photoelectron spectra, 79.60.F
physical properties of, 82.35.L
preparation, 81.05.L
radiation effects, 61.82.P
reinforced, 81.05.Q
rheology of, 83.80
structure
condensed phase, 61.41
molecular, 36.20
on surfaces, 68.47.P, 82.35.G
thin films
electrical properties, 73.61.P
optical properties, 78.66.Q
Polymer solutions
rheology, 83.80.R
structure, 61.25.H
Polymorphic transformations
crystallographic aspects, 61.50.K
materials science aspects, 81.30.H
Pomeranchuk poles, 11.55.J, 12.40.N
Ponderomotive effects, in plasmas, 52.35.M
Population dynamics (ecology), 87.23.C
Population inversion, 32.80.B, 33.80.B, 42.50
Porous materials
chemical reactions in, 82.33.L
fabrication, 81.05.R
flow through, 47.55.M
heat transfer in, 44.30
photoluminescence, 78.55.M
structure, 61.43.G
Portal imaging (radiation therapy), 87.53.O
Position-sensitive detectors, 29.40.G
Positron annihilation, 78.70.B
Positron–atom interactions, 34.80
Positron emission, 79.20.M
Positron emission tomography (PET), 87.58.F
Positronium, 36.10.D
chemical reactions, 82.30.G
Positron microscopes, 07.78
Positron–molecule interactions, 34.80
Positrons
properties, 14.60.C
radiation damage by, 61.80.F
states, 71.60
Positron scattering
atomic and molecular collisions, 34.85
nuclear reactions, 25.30.H
Potential energy surfaces
chemical kinetics, 82.20.K
excited electronic states, 31.50.D
ground electronic states, 31.50.B
molecular collisions, 34.20.M
surface crossings, 31.50.G
Potential flows, 47.15.H
Potential models, 12.39.P
Potentials
atom–molecule, 34.20.G
interatomic, 34.20.C
intermolecular, 34.20.G
Potential theory (mathematics), 02.30.E
Potts models
lattice theory and statistics, 05.50
magnetism, 75.10.H
Powder diffraction
neutron, 61.12.L
x-ray, 61.10.N
Powder metallurgy, 81.20.E
Powders
processing, 81.20.E
spray coating, 81.15.R
structure, 61.43.G
superconducting, 74.80.B
Power electronics, 84.30.J
Power lines, biological effects of, 87.50.J
Power reactors, 28.50.H
Power supply circuits, 84.30.J
Power transmission lines, 84.70
Precambrian period, 91.70.H
Precipitation
hydrology, 92.40.E
ionosphere, 94.20.Q
materials synthesis, 81.20.F
meteorology, 92.60.J
phase transformations, 81.30.M
in solidification, 81.30.M
Precipitation hardening, 81.40.C
Predissociation, 33.80.G
Pressure effects
crystal structure, 61.50.K
mechanical properties of solids, 62.50
rocks and minerals, 91.60.G
superconductors, 74.62.F
Pressure sensors, 07.07.D
Pressure treatment, 81.40.V
Primordial galaxies, 98.54.K
Prisms, 42.79.B
Probability theory, 02.50.C
Probes, lunar and planetary, 95.55.P
Projection systems, 42.79
Projective geometries, 02.40.D
Prominences, solar, 96.60.S
Proportional counters, 29.40.C
Propulsion
magnetic devices, 85.70.R
plasma, 52.75.D
reactors, 28.50.K
Proteins, 36.20, 87.14.E
membrane–protein interactions, 87.15.K
motor, 87.16.N
Protogalaxies, 98.54.K
Proton absorption, 25.40.L
Proton dosimetry, 87.53.P, Q
Proton–hyperon interactions, 13.75.E, 13.85
Proton–neutron interactions, 13.75.C, 13.85
Proton–nucleus reactions, 25.40
Proton–pion interactions, 13.75.G, 13.85
Proton–proton interactions, 13.75.C, 13.85
Proton radiative capture, 25.40.L
Protons, properties of, 14.20.D
Proton scattering (nuclear reactions)
elastic, 25.40.C
inelastic, 25.40.E
Protostars, 97.21
Proximity effects, 74.50
Pseudopods, 87.16.Q
Pseudopotential method, 71.15.D
Psychological acoustics, 43.66
Publications in electronic media, 01.30.X
Pulsars, 97.60.G
Pulse circuits, 84.30.S
Pulse compression (optical), 42.65.R
Pulse generators, 84.30.N
Pulse sequences, in NMR, 82.56.J
Pump-probe studies
with bound states, 82.53.H
photodissociation, 82.53.E
Pumps, vacuum, 07.30.C
Purification, materials, 81.20.Y
Pyroelectric devices, 85.50
Pyroelectric effects, 77.70
Pyrolysis, 82.30.L
Pyrometers, 07.20.K
Pyrometry, 07.20.K
PZT ceramics, 77.84.D

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Q
Q-switching, 42.60.G
Quadrupole magnets, 41.85.L
Quadrupole moments, 21.10.K, 33.15.K
Quadrupole resonance, 76.60.G
Quality assurance (radiotherapy)
equipment, 87.56.F
procedures, 87.53.X
Quantized fields, 03.70
Quantized spin models, 75.10.J
Quantum acoustics, 43.35
Quantum beats, 42.50.M
Quantum biology, 87.10
Quantum chromodynamics, 12.38
in nuclei, 24.85
Quantum communication, 03.67.H
Quantum computation, 03.67.L
Quantum condensation, 03.75.F
Quantum cosmology, 98.80.H
Quantum cryptography, 03.67.D
Quantum crystals, 67.80
Quantum dots
devices, 85.35.B
electronic transport, 73.63.K
electron states, 73.21.L
fabrication, 81.07.T
optical properties, 78.67.H
structure and nonelectronic properties, 68.65.H
Quantum electrodynamics, 12.20
Quantum ensemble theory, 05.30.C
Quantum entanglement, 03.65.U
Quantum field theory, 03.70, 11.10
Quantum fluctuations, 42.50.L
Quantum fluids. See 67
Quantum gravity, 04.60
Quantum groups, 02.20.U
Quantum Hall effects, 73.43
Quantum information, 03.67
Quantum interference devices
semiconductor, 85.35.D
superconducting, 85.25.D
Quantum jumps, 42.50.L
Quantum localization
metals and alloys, 72.15.R
surfaces and interfaces, 73.20.F
Quantum mechanics, 03.65
Quantum noise, 42.50.L
Quantum nonlocality, 03.65.U
Quantum optics, 42.50
Quantum statistical mechanics, 05.30
Quantum tomography, 03.65.W
Quantum tunneling of defects, 66.35
Quantum wells
devices, 85.35.B
electronic structure, 73.21.F
electronic transport, 73.63.H
fabrication, 81.07.S
magnetic, 75.70.C
optical properties, 78.67.D
structure and nonelectronic properties, 68.65.F
Quantum wires
devices, 85.35.B
electronic transport, 73.63.N
electron states, 73.21.H
fabrication, 81.07.V
optical properties, 78.67.L
structure and nonelectronic properties, 68.65.L
Quantum Zeno dynamics, 03.65.X
Quark confinement, 12.38.A
Quark–gluon plasma, 12.38.M
Quark models, 12.39
Quarkonia
decays
hadronic, 13.25.G
leptonic and semileptonic, 13.20.G
properties
mass < 2.5 GeV, 14.40.C
mass > 2.5 GeV, 14.40.G
Quarks, 14.65
in nuclei, 24.85
masses and mixing, 12.15.F
Quartz, optical material, 42.70.C
Quartz resonator, 77.65.F
Quasars, 98.54.A
absorption- and emission-line systems, 98.62.R
Quasicrystals
electronic structure, 71.23.F
magnetic materials, 75.50.K
structure, 61.44.B
Quasiparticle methods (atomic physics), 31.15.L
Quenching (fluorescence)
atoms, 32.50
condensed matter, 78.55
molecules, 33.50.H
Quenching (thermal), 81.40.G

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R
Radar, 84.40.X
Radiation belts, 94.30.H
Radiation chemistry, 82.50
Radiation detectors, 07.57.K, 29.40, 85.25.P
Radiation effects
biological, 87.50
on instruments, 07.89
on optical elements, devices and systems, 42.88
in solids, 61.80
Radiation fields, 04.40.N
Radiation hardening, 81.40.W
Radiation pressure, 32.80.P, 33.80.P
acoustical, *43.25.Q
Radiation therapy
equipment, 87.56
ionizing radiations, 87.53
non-ionizing radiations, 87.54
radiation measurement, 87.66
Radiation treatment, 81.40.W
Radiative capture of nucleons, 25.40.L
Radiative corrections
atoms and molecules, 31.30.J
electromagnetic, 13.40.K
electroweak, 12.15.L
Radiative flows, 47.70
Radiative recombination, 78.60
Radiative transfer
astrophysics, 95.30.J
in atmosphere, 42.68.A
heat transfer, 44.40
stellar, 97.10.E
Radioactive dating, 93.85
Radioactive pollution, 89.60
Radioactive sources, 29.25.R
Radioactive wastes, 28.41.K
Radioactivity. See 23
oceanic, 92.20.T
Radioastronomy techniques, 95.75
Radiobiology, 87.50.G
Radiochemical activation analysis, 82.80.J
Radiochromic films, 87.66.C
Radio-frequency spectra
atoms, 32.30.B
molecules, 33.20.B
Radio galaxies, 98.54.G
Radioimmunotherapy, 87.53.N
Radiolysis, 82.50.K
Radiometers, 07.60.D
Radiopharmaceuticals, 87.58.J
Radiosurgery, 87.53.L
Radio telescopes, 95.55.J
Radiowave radiation
astronomical observations, 95.85.B
biological effects of, 87.50.J
interactions with condensed matter, 78.70.G
in plasma, 52.25.O
plasma diagnostics, 52.70.G
plasma heating, 52.50.G
sources, galactic and extragalactic, 98.70.D
wave propagation, 41.20.J, 84.40
Radiowave receivers and detectors, 07.57.K
Radiowave sources, 07.57.H
Radiowave spectrometers, 07.57.P
Radiowave technology, 84.40
Rain, 92.60.J
Raman lasers, 42.55.Y
Raman scattering, in plasmas, 52.38.B
Raman spectroscopy
biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.J
CARS, 42.65.D
chemical analysis, 82.80.G
condensed matter, 78.30
macro- and polymer molecules, 36.20.N
molecules, 33.20.F
Random media (continuum mechanics), 46.65
Random-phase approximation (nuclear structure), 21.60.J
Random processes, 05.40
Random walks, 05.40.F
Range finders, optical, 42.79.Q
Rare earth metals and alloys
electric conductivity, 72.15.E
electronic structure, 71.20.E
Rarefied gas dynamics, 47.45
Rate constants (chemical kinetics), 82.20.P
correlation function theory of, 82.20.S
quantum effects in, 82.20.X
stochastic theories of, 82.20.U
Rayleigh scattering
condensed matter, 78.35
molecules, 33.20.F
nonlinear optics, 42.65.E
plasmas, 52.38.B
Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities, 52.35.P
Ray tracing
acoustical, *43.20.D
in water, *43.30.C
optical, 42.15.D
Reaction kinetics, chemical, 82.20, 82.37, 82.39, 82.40
Reactive flows, 47.70
Reactor materials
fission reactors, 28.41.Q
fusion reactors, 28.52.F
Reactors
chemical, 82.40.B
nuclear (see 28)
Recombination
radiative, 78.60
semiconductors, 72.20.J
thin films, 73.50.G
Recording media
holographic, 42.40.H
magnetic, 85.70.K, L
Recrystallization
in crystal growth, 81.10.J
materials treatment effects, 81.40.E
Red shift, 98.62.P
Reflection coefficients, 78.20.C
Reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED), 61.14.H
Reflection spectra, 78.40
Reflectometers, 07.60.H
Reflectors, optical, 42.79.F
Refraction, 42.25.G
Refractive index, 78.20.C
Refractometers, 07.60.H
Refractories, fabrication, 81.05.J, M
Refrigeration, 07.20.M
Regge theory
S-matrix theory, 11.55.J
strong interactions, 12.40.N
Regulatory chemical networks, 87.16.Y
Regulatory issues
biology, 87.80.V
radiation safety, 87.52.T
Reinforced materials
composites, 81.05.N
polymers, 81.05.Q
Relativistic astrophysics, 95.30.S
Relativistic corrections
atomic structure, 31.30.J
band structure, 71.15.R
Relativistic electron beams, 41.75.H
Relativistic fluid dynamics, 47.75
Relativistic heavy-ion collisions, 25.75
Relativistic mechanics, 03.30
Relativistic models (nuclear reactions), 24.10.J
Relativistic plasmas, 52.27.N
Relativistic scattering theory, 11.80
Relativistic stars, 04.40.D
Relativistic wave equations, 03.65.P
Relativity
general
approximation methods, equations of motion, 04.25
classical, 04.20
special, 03.30
Relaxation processes
chemical kinetics, 82.20.R
dielectrics, 77.22.G
electronic conduction in metals and alloys, 72.15.L
electron spin resonance, 76.30
helium-4, 67.40.F
muon spin rotation, 76.75
nuclear magnetic resonance, 33.25, 76.60, 82.56.N
quantum optics, 42.50.H
ultrasonic, *43.35.F
Relays, 84.32.D
Remote sensing, 07.07.D
acoustic, *43.30.P, *43.60.R
in astronomy, 95.75.R
atmospheric optics, 42.68.W
optical devices, 42.79.Q
radar, 84.40.X
Renner–Teller effects, 33.20.W
Renormalization
field theory, 11.10.G, 11.10.H
phase transitions, 64.60.A
statistical physics and nonlinear dynamics, 05.10. C
Reptation, 83.10.K
Resins, ion-exchange, 83.80
Resistance measurement, 84.37
Resistors, 84.32.F
Resists, 85.40.H
Resonance reactions, nucleon-induced, 25.40.N
Resonances
baryon, 14.20.G
heavy-ion induced, 25.70.E
nuclear reactions, 24.30
relativistic heavy-ion collisions, 25.75.G
Resonant tunneling, 73.40.G
Resonant tunneling devices, 85.30.M
spin polarized, 85.75.M
Resonating valence bond model, 74.20.M
Resonators, lasers, 42.60.D
Resource letters, 01.30.R
Reverberation, *43.55.B, L, N
Reversals, 91.25.M
Reviews, 01.30.R
Reynolds number, 83.10
high, 47.27.J
low, 47.15.G
RF discharges, 52.80.P
RHEED, 61.14.H
Rheology. See 83
body fluids, 87.19.T
lithosphere and mantle, 91.10.R
Rheopexy, 83.60.P
Riemannian geometries, 02.40.K
Rigid bodies, dynamics and kinematics of, 45.40
Ring currents (magnetosphere), 94.30.J
Ring galaxies, 98.52.S
Ring lasers, 42.55.W
Rings, planetary, 96.30.W
Risk/benefit analysis (radiation safety), 87.52.P
Rivers, 92.40.F
RNA, 82.39.P, 87.14.G
Robotics, 45.40.L
Robotic vision, 42.30.T
Rocks
physical properties, 91.60
rheology, 83.80.N
Rods
structural acoustics, *43.40.C
structural mechanics of, 46.70.H
Room acoustics, 43.55
Rotamaks, 52.55.L
Rotation, measurement of, 06.30.G
Rotational constants, molecular, 33.15.M
Rotational energy transfer, 34.50.E
Rotational flows, 47.32
Rotational isomerism, 33.15.H
Rotational levels
macromolecules, 36.20.N
molecules, 33.20.S
nuclei, 21.10.R
Rovibronic states, 33.20.W
Rubber, 81.05.L
Ruthenates (superconducting materials), 74.70.P
Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, 61.85
Rydberg states
excitation and ionization
atoms, 32.80.R
molecules, 33.80.R
scattering in, 34.60

Back to top

S
Safety
fission reactor, 28.41.T
fusion reactor, 28.52.N
laboratory, 06.60.W
laser systems, 42.60.B
medical physics, 87.52
Sagnac effect, fiber gyros, 42.81.P
Sample preparation, 06.60.E
Sandpile models, 45.70.C
Satellites
artificial, 07.87
Earth, 95.40
lunar and planetary probes, 95.55.P
orbits of, 91.10.S
communication, 84.40.U
interaction with solar wind, 96.50.E
planetary, 96.30
Saturn, 96.30.M
Scaling phenomena
complex systems, 89.75.D
field theory, 11.10.J
Scanners, optical, 42.79.L
Scanning Auger microscopy, 68.37.X
Scanning electron microscopy, 68.37.H
Scanning tunneling microscopes, 07.79.C
Scanning tunneling microscopy
biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.D
surface structure, 68.37.E
Scattering
acoustical, *43.20.F, *43.25.J
ultrasound, *43.35.B, C
underwater, *43.30.F, G, H
Brillouin
condensed matter, 78.35
nonlinear optics, 42.65.E
plasma waves, 52.38.B
elastic
atomic and molecular, 34.50
pion–nucleus, 25.80.D
electromagnetic radiation in plasmas, 52.25.O
electron
atomic and molecular collisions, 34.80
in magnetic structure determinations, 75.25
nuclear reactions, 25.30
structure determination, 61.14
in electronic transport
metals and alloys, 72.15.Q
semiconductors and insulators, 72.20.D
thin films, 73.50.B
hadron-induced
high-energy, 13.85
low-energy, 13.75
hyperon-induced, 25.80.P
inelastic
atomic and molecular, 34.50
neutron, 25.40.F
pion, 25.80.E
laser-modified, 34.50.R, 34.80.Q
muon-nucleus, 25.30.M
neutrino-nucleus, 25.30.P
neutron, 28.20.C
structural analysis, 61.12
nonrelativistic theory, 03.65.N
by phonons and magnons, 72.10.D
pion inclusive, 25.80.L
positron-nucleus, 25.30.H
relativistic theory, 11.80
x-ray
condensed matter, 78.70.C
structure determination, 61.10
Scattering matrix, 11.55
Scattering methods (electronic structure), 71.15.A
Scattering theory (quantum mechanics), 03.65.N
Schlieren devices, 42.79.M
Schottky barrier diodes, 85.30.H, K
Schottky barriers, 73.30
Schottky defects, 61.72.J
Science
in elementary and secondary school, 01.40.E
government policy, 01.78
history of, 01.65
philosophy of, 01.70
and society, 01.75
Scintillation cameras (nuclear medicine), 87.58.P
Scintillation detectors, 29.40.M
Seafloor spreading, 91.25.J
Sea level, 92.10.H
Seas, regional, 93.30.R
Seawater
optical properties, 92.10.P
physical properties, 92.10.B
Secondary electron emission, 79.20.H
Secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), 68.49.S, 82.80.M
Second harmonic generation, 42.65.K
Second sound (quantum fluids), 67.40.P
Sedimentary petrology, 91.65.T
Sedimentation
hydrology, 92.40.G
marine geology, 91.50.J
Sediment transport, oceanic, 92.10.W
Segregation, 64.75
granular systems, 45.70.M
Seiches, 92.10.J
Seismographs, *43.40.P
Seismology, 91.30
underwater acoustics, *43.30.M
Selected-area electron diffraction, 61.14.L
Selenodesy, 96.20.J
Self-assembly (nanofabrication), 81.16.D
Self-consistent field calculations
atoms and molecules, 31.15.N
nuclear structure, 21.60.J
solids, 71.15.M
Self-diffusion
in metals and alloys, 66.30.F
in nonmetals, 66.30.H
Self-focusing
in laser-plasma interactions, 52.38.H
nonlinear optics, 42.65.J
Self-gravitating systems, 04.40
Self-induced transparency, 42.50.M
Self-organization
complex systems, 89.75.F
statistical physics, 05.65
Semiclassical theories
atomic physics, 31.15.G
gauge fields, 11.15.K
quantum mechanics, 03.65.S
Semiconductor detectors
for nuclear physics, 29.40.W
optoelectronic, 85.60
Semiconductor devices, 85.30
Semiconductor lasers, 42.55.P
Semiconductors
absorption and reflection spectra, 78.40.F
amorphous (conductivity), 72.80.N
thin films, 73.61.J
band structure, 71.20.M, N
conductivity, 72.20
doping, 61.72
fabrication, 81.05.C, D, E, G, H
impurity levels, 71.55
infrared and Raman spectra, 78.30.A, F
liquid
conductivity of, 72.80.P
electronic structure, 71.22
magnetic, 75.50.P
nonlinear optical materials, 42.70.N
photoemission, 79.60.E
photoluminescence, 78.55
radiation effects, 61.82.F
semiconductor–electrolyte contacts, 73.40.M
semiconductor–insulator–semiconductor structures, 73.40.T
semiconductor–metal–semiconductor structures, 73.40.V
semiconductor–to–insulator structure, 73.40.Q
semiconductor–to–semiconductor contacts, 73.40
spin polarized transport, 72.25.D
thin films
optical properties, 78.66
transport processes, 73.50, 73.61
Semiconductors, elemental
band structure, 71.20.M
conductivity, 72.80.C
impurity and defect levels, 71.55.A
infrared and Raman spectra, 78.55.A
photoluminescence, 78.55.A
processing, 81.05.C
thin films
conductivity, 73.61.C
optical properties, 78.66.D
photoemission and photoelectron spectra, 79.60.B
Semiconductors, III–V
doping and ion implantation, 61.72.V
electrical conductivity, 72.80.E
fabrication, 81.05.E
impurity and defect levels, 71.55.E
infrared and Raman spectra, 78.30.F
photoluminescence, 78.55.E
thin films and layered structures
electrical properties, 73.61.E
optical properties, 78.66.F
Semiconductors, II–VI
doping and ion implantation, 61.72.V
electrical conductivity, 72.80.E
fabrication, 81.05.D
impurity and defect levels, 71.55.G
infrared and Raman spectra, 78.30.F
photoluminescence, 78.55.C
thin films and layered structures
electrical properties, 73.61.G
optical properties, 78.66.H
Semimetals
electronic structure, 71.20.G
impurity and defect absorption, 78.40.K
impurity and defect levels, 71.55.A
processing, 81.05.B
self-diffusion, 66.30.F
visible and ultraviolet spectra, 78.40.K
Sensors
chemical, 07.07.D
electrical, 07.07.D
fiber-optical, 42.81.P
gas, 07.07.D
magnetic field, 85.75.S
motion, 07.07.D
optical, 42.79.P, Q
pressure, 07.07.D
Sensory perceptions, 87.19.B
Septa (beam optics), 41.85.N
Sequences and series, 02.30.L
Servo devices, 07.07.T
Set theory, 02.10.A
Seyfert galaxies, 98.54.C
Shape memory effects, 62.20.F, 64.70.K, 81.30.K
Shear flows
instability, 47.20.F
rheological measurements, 83.85.V
steady (rheology), 83.50.A
thick, 47.27.P
thin wall-bounded, 47.27.L
Shear modulus, 62.20.D, 81.40.J
Shear stress, 83.10
Shear thinning and shear thickening, 83.60.R
Shear turbulence, 47.27.N
Shelf processes, 91.50.C
Shell model (nuclear structure), 21.60.C
Shells
structural acoustics, *43.40.E
structural mechanics, 46.70.D
Shielding (nuclear technology), 28.41.Q
Shock tubes, 07.35
Shock waves, *43.25.C, *43.40.J
aeroacoustics, *43.28.M
chemical reaction kinetics, 82.40.F
fluid dynamics, 47.40.N
interplanetary, 96.50.F
in plasma, 52.35.T
plasma production and heating by, 52.50.L
seismology, 91.30.M
in solids, 62.50
structural mechanics, 46.40.C
Short-range order
amorphous materials, 61.43
magnetically ordered materials, 75.40
Shutters, optical, 42.79.A
Signal processing
in acoustics, 43.60
electronic circuits for, 07.50.Q
in optics, 42.79.S, T
Silicon, doping and ion implantation of, 61.72.T
Single-electron devices, 85.35.G
Single-electron tunneling, 73.23.H
Single-molecule kinetics, 82.37
Single-particle states (nanoscale materials), 73.22.D
Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), 87.58.C
Singularity theory, 02.40.X
Sintering, 81.20.E
Size effects
bulk matter, 72.30
thin films, 73.50.M
Skin effect, 72.30
Skyrmions, 12.39.D
Sky surveys, 95.80
Slip (evidence of dislocations), 61.72.H
Slip flows
gas dynamics, 47.45.G
rheology
boundary effects, 83.50.L
wall slip, 83.50.R
Slug flow, 47.55.K
Slurries, 83.80.H
Small-angle scattering
neutron, 61.12.E
x-ray, 61.10.E
S-matrix theory, 11.55
Snow, 92.40.R
Social systems
anthropology, 89.65.E
demographics, 89.65.C
dynamics, 87.23.G
economics, 89.65.G
urban planning, 89.65.L
Soil moisture, 92.40.L
Solar absorbers, 42.79.E
Solar cells and arrays, 84.60.J
Solar collectors and concentrators, 42.79.E
Solar flares, 96.60.R
Solar instruments, 95.55.E
Solar nebula, 96.10
Solar neighborhood, 98.35.P
Solar neutrinos, 26.65, 96.60.J
Solar particles and photons, 96.40.F
Solar physics, 96.60
Solar power, 89.30.C
Solar pulsations, 96.60.L
Solar streamers, 96.60.P
Solar system. See 96
Solar wind, 96.60.V
electric and magnetic fields, 96.50.B
interactions with planets, satellites and comets, 96.50.E
interaction with magnetosphere, 94.30.V
Soldering, 06.60.V
Solenoids, 84.32.H
Sol–gel processing, 81.20.F
Sol–gel transition, 83.80.J
Solid helium, 67.80
Solidification, 64.70.D, 81.30.F
Solid–liquid transitions, 64.70.D
Solid-phase epitaxy and growth, 81.15.N
Solid–solid interfaces, 68.35
Solid–solid transitions, 64.70.K
phase diagrams, 81.30
Solid-solution hardening, 81.40.C
Solid state chemistry, 82.33.P
Solid-state detectors (dosimetry), 87.66.P
Solid-state lasers, 42.55.P, R
Solid-state plasma
bulk matter, 72.30
thin films, 73.50.M
Solid–vapor transitions, 64.70.H
Solitons
acoustical, *43.25.R
nonlinear dynamics, 05.45.Y
optical, 42.65.T
optical fibers, 42.81.D
in plasma, 52.35.S
Sols, 82.70.G
Solubility, 64.75
Solutions (mixtures)
biomolecules, 87.15.N
macromolecular and polymer, 61.25.H
thermodynamics of, 82.60.L
Solvent effects
atomic and molecular interactions, 31.70.D
chemical reactions, 82.20.Y
Sonar, *43.30.V, W
Sonic boom, *43.28.M
Sonography (rheology), 83.85.E
Sonoluminescence
acoustics, *43.35.H
condensed matter physics, 78.60.M
Sorption, 68.43
Sound
atmospheric, 43.28
biological effects, 87.50.K
generation and reproduction devices, 43.38
generation by fluid flow, *43.28.R
physical effects, 43.35
in plasma, 52.35.D
propagation, *43.20.B
macrosonics, *43.25.C
in quantum crystals, 67.80.C
recording and reproducing systems, *43.38.M, N, Q
reflection, refraction, and diffraction, *43.20.E
reinforcement systems, *43.38.T
underwater, 43.30
velocity, *43.20.H
measurement of, *43.58.D
wall transmission, *43.55.R
Soundings, ionospheric, 94.20.T
Sound sources
intense, *43.25.V
localization of, *43.66.Q
outdoor, *43.28.H
South America, 93.30.J
Southern Ocean, 93.30.Q
Southern Oscillation, 92.10, 92.60
Spaceborne and space-research instruments, 07.87, 95.55
Space-charge-dominated beams (plasmas), 52.59.S
Space charge effects (dielectric materials), 77.22.J
Space charge-limited devices, 85.30.F
Space environment (biological effects), 87.65
Space geodetic surveys, 91.10.F
Space groups (crystal symmetry), 61.50.A
Space-plasma processes, 52.72
Spacetime
curved
classical fields in, 04.40
quantum field theory in, 04.62
Einstein–Maxwell, 04.40.N
with fluids, 04.40.N
topology, 04.20.G
Space vehicles, 07.87
Spallation breeder reactors, 28.50.F
Spallation reactions, 25.40.S
Sparks, 52.80.M
Spatial dimensions, measurement of, 06.30.B
Spatial filters, 42.79.C
Special relativity, 03.30
Specific heat
liquids, 65.20
magnetic materials, 75.40
solids, 65.40.B, 65.60
superconductors, 74.25.B
Speckles, 42.30.M
SPECT, 87.58.C
Spectral classification, stellar, 97.10.R
Spectral filters, 42.79.C
Spectral lines
intensity, 32.70.F, 33.70.F
shape and shift, 32.70.J, 33.70.J
Spectral methods (computational techniques), 02.70.H
Spectral sources, electric-discharge, 52.80.Y
Spectrochemical analysis, 82.80.D, E, G, H
Spectrometers
electron, 07.81
gamma-ray, 07.85.N
infrared, 07.57.T
ion, 07.81
magnetic resonance, 07.57.P
microwave and radiowave, 07.57.P
for nuclear physics, 29.30
visible and ultraviolet, 07.60.R
x-ray, 07.85.N
Spectrophotometry
astronomical techniques, 95.75.F
chemical analysis, 82.80.D
Spectroscopy
in astronomy, 95.55.Q, 95.75.F
in atomic and molecular physics, 39.30
chemical analysis, 82.80
in-beam (see 23)
laser, 42.62.F
optical, 07.60.R
time-resolved, 78.47
Speech
perception, 43.71
processing, 43.72
production, 43.70
Spheromaks, 52.55.I
Spicules, 96.60.N
Spin-density waves, 75.30.F
Spin diffusion, 75.40.G
Spin echo, 76.60.L
Spin fluctuations (superconductivity), 74.20.M
Spin glasses, magnetic properties of, 75.50.L
Spin-glass models, 75.10.N
Spin Hamiltonians, 75.10.D
Spin–lattice relaxation, 76.60.E
Spinodal decomposition, 64.75, 81.30
Spin–orbit coupling
atoms, 32.10.F, 33.60
condensed matter, 71.70.E
molecules, 33.15.P, 33.55.B
Spin ordering, 75.25
Spinor structure, 04.20.G
Spin-polarized hydrogen and helium, 67.65
Spin-polarized transport, 72.25
field effect transistors, 85.75.H
magnetic field sensors, 85.75.S
resonant tunnel junctions, 85.75.M
Spin pumping, current-driven, 72.25.P
Spin waves, 75.30.D
at magnetic critical points, 75.40.G
resonance, 76.50
Spiral galaxies, 98.52.N, 98.56.N
Spontaneous symmetry breaking, 11.30.Q
gauge symmetries, 11.15.E
Sports, physics of, 01.80
Spray coating techniques, 52.77.F, 81.15.R
Sputtering
atom, molecule, and ion impact, 79.20.R
etching, 81.65.C
film deposition, 81.15.C
Squeezed states, 42.50.D
SQUID devices, 85.25.D
Stacking faults, 61.72.N
Standards
acoustical, *43.15
frequency (astronomical), 95.55.S
metrology, 06.20.F
optical, 42.72
in physiological optics, 42.66.Q
Standing waves, acoustic
linear, *43.20.K
nonlinear, *43.25.G
Stark effect
atoms, 32.60
condensed matter, 71.70.E
molecules, 33.55.B
Stark shift, dynamic, 42.50.H
Stars
binary and multiple, 97.80
characteristics and properties, 97.10
formation, 97.10.B
late stages of evolution, 97.60
normal, 97.20
relativistic, 04.40.D
types of, 97.20
variable and peculiar, 97.30
Starspots, 97.10.Q
State reconstruction (quantum mechanics), 03.65.W
State selected dynamics (chemical reactions), 82.20.B
State-to-state energy transfer (chemical reactions), 82.20.R
State-to-state scattering analysis, 34.50.P
Static electrification, 41.20.C, 73.40
Statistical mechanics
of adsorbates, 68.43.D
classical, 05.20
displacive phase transitions, 63.70
lattice vibrations, 63.70
phase transitions in model systems, 64.60.C
quantum, 05.30
Statistical models
atomic physics, 31.15.B
nuclear reactions, 24.10.P
strong interactions, 12.40.E
Statistical physics. See 05
Statistical theories
atomic and molecular collisions, 34.10
chemical kinetics, 82.20.D
nuclear reactions, 24.60
strong interactions, 12.40.E
Statistics, 02.50
Stellarators, 52.55.H
Stellar clusters and associations, 98.20
Stellar motion, 97.10
Stellar seismology, 97.10.S
Stellar systems, 98.52
Stellar winds, 97.10.M
Stereochemistry
biomolecules, 87.15.B
molecular physics, 33.15.B
Stereology, 87.80.P
Stereotactic radiosurgery, 87.53.L
Stimulated emission
condensed matter, 78.45
laser theory, 42.55.A
Stimulated scattering
Brillouin and Raman (plasma), 52.38.B
Brillouin and Rayleigh, 42.65.E
Raman, 42.65.D
Stochastic analysis, 02.50.F
Stochastic models
atomic and molecular collisions, 34.10
chemical kinetics, 82.20.F
statistical physics and nonlinear dynamics, 05.10. G
Stochastic processes, 05.40
Stoichiometry, 61.50.N
Stokes flow, 83.10
Stopping power, 34.50.B, 61.85
Storage rings, 29.20.D
Storage tubes, 84.47
Storms, 92.60.Q
Strain-induced level splitting, 71.70.F
Strain-induced piezoelectricity, 77.65.L
Strains
measurement of, 07.10.P
solids, 62.20
thin films, 68.60.B
Strange particles, 14.20.J, 14.40
Stratification
granular flow, 45.70.M
nonhomogeneous flows, 47.55.H
Stratosphere, 94.10.D
Streamflow, 92.40.F
Streams (interplanetary space), 95.50.Q
Stress corrosion cracking, 62.20.M
Stress measurement, 07.10.L
Stress relaxation
condensed matter, 62.40
rheology, 83.85.S
Stress–strain relations, 62.20.F, 81.40.J
Strings
cosmic, 98.80.C
extended classical solutions, 11.27
field theory, 11.25
structural acoustics, *43.40.C
structural mechanics, 46.70.H
Strip lines, 84.40.A
Strong-field excitation (quantum optics), 42.50.H
Strong interactions
electromagnetic corrections, 13.40.K
models, 12.40
quantum chromodynamics, 12.38
quark models, 12.39
in unified theories, 12.10.D
Strongly correlated electron systems, 71.27
Strongly-coupled plasmas, 52.27.G
Structural acoustics, 43.40
Structure
amorphous metals and semiconductors, 61.43.D
biomolecules, 87.15.B
clusters, 36.40.M, 61.46
crystalline solids, 61.66
dendrites, 68.70
disordered solids, 61.43
fractals, 61.43
fullerenes, 61.46
galaxies, 98.62.L
glasses, 61.43.F
irradiation effects on, 61.80
liquid crystals, 61.30
liquids, 61.20, 61.25
multilayers, 68.65.A
nanoparticles, 61.46
quantum crystals, 67.80.C
quasicrystals, 61.44
solid surfaces, 68.35.B
stellar, 97.10.C
superlattices, 68.65.C
thin films, 68.55.J
whiskers, 68.70
Structures, mechanical, 46.70
Sublimation, 64.70.H
Submillimeter waves
astronomical observations, 95.85
receivers and detectors, 07.57.K
sources, 07.57.H
Subsonic flows, 47.40.D
SU groups
nuclear physics, 21.60.F
particle physics, 11.30.H, L
Summer schools, 01.30.B
Sum rules (S-matrix theory), 11.55.H
Sun
characteristic and properties, 96.60
cosmic rays, 96.40.K
radiation (meteorology), 92.60.V
Sunspots, 96.60.Q
Superconducting cables, 84.70
Superconducting devices, 85.25
Superconducting films, 74.76
Superconducting integrated circuits, 85.25.N
Superconducting junctions (SN and SNS), 74.80.F
Superconducting magnets, 85.25.L
Superconducting materials, 74.70, 74.72
Superconducting wires, fibers, and tapes, 85.25.K
Superconductivity. See 74
Superconductor–insulator transitions, 74.20.M
Supercooling. See 64
Supercritical fluids, chemical reactions in, 82.33.D
Superexchange interactions, 75.30.E
Superfluidity
helium-3, 67.57
helium-4, 67.40
hydrodynamic aspects, 47.37
mixed systems, 67.60
Superfluorescence, 42.50.F
Supergiant stars, 97.20.P
Supergravity, 04.65
Superheavy elements
properties, 27.90
reactions and scattering, 25.70, 25.75
Superionic conducting materials, 66.30.H
Superlattices
electron states, 73.21.C
magnetic properties, 75.70.C
optical properties, 78.66
photoemission and photoelectron spectra, 79.60.J
structure and nonelectronic properties, 68.65.C
superconductivity, 74.80.D
Supermagnetism, 75.50.V
Supernovae, 97.60.B
evolution, nuclear aspects of, 26.50
nucleosynthesis, 26.30
Supernova remnants
external galaxies, 98.58.M
Milky Way, 98.38.M
Superplasticity, 62.20.F
Superradiance, 42.50.F
Supersaturation measurement, 82.20
Supersonic flows, 47.40.K
Supersymmetric models, 12.60.J
Supersymmetric partners of known particles, 14.80.L
Supersymmetry, 11.30.P
Supramolecular assembly, 81.16.F
Surface acoustic wave devices, 85.50
superconducting, 85.25.Q
transducers, *43.38.R
Surface acoustic waves
effect of nonlinearity on, *43.25.F
piezoelectrics, 77.65.D
surfaces and interfaces, *43.35.P, 68.35.I
Surface barrier devices, 85.30.H
Surface cleaning, 81.65.C
plasma-assisted, 52.77.B
Surface collisions, 34.50.D, 79.20.R
Surface conductivity, 73.25
Surface crossings (electronic structure), 31.50.G
Surface diffusion, 68.35.F
Surface double layers, 73.30
Surface dynamics, 68.35.J
Surface-enchanced Raman scattering (SERS), 78.30
Surface energy
fluid interfaces, 68.03.C
solids, 68.35.M
Surface flows, 83.50.L
Surface hardening, 81.65.L
Surface magnetism, 75.70.R
Surface patterning, 81.65.C
Surface phase transitions, 68.35.R
Surface plasmons, 73.20.M
Surface reconstruction, 68.35.B
Surfaces
adsorption, 68.43
grinding (optical elements), 42.86
microscopy, 68.37
optical properties, 78.68
reactions, 40, 82, 82.65
scattering from, 68.48
structure and energetics, 68.35
thermodynamics, 05.70.N, 68.35.M
Surface sheath (superconductivity), 74.60.E
Surface states, 73.20
Surface tension, 68.03.C
Surface treatments, 81.65
Surface waves
oceanography, 92.10.H
seismology, 91.30.F
Surfactants
physical chemistry, 82.70.U
rheology, 83.80.Q
Surveys, 01.30.R
Susceptibility, magnetic, 75.40.C
at magnetic critical points, 75.40.G
magnetic materials, 75.30.C
Susceptibility, optical, 42.65.A
Suspensions, 82.70.K
dielectric properties, 77.84.N
rheology, 83.80.H
Swelling
extrudate, 83.60.J
polymers, 61.25.H
Switches
electrical, 84.32.D
optical, 42.79.T
plasma, 52.75.K
Switching
nonlinear optics, 42.65.P
piezoelectrics, 77.80.F
Symmetry
crystal, 61.50.A
molecular, 33.15.B
in nuclear processes, 24.80
nuclear tests of, 24.80
theory of fields and particles, 11.30
Symmetry breaking, 11.30.Q
gauge field theory, 11.15.E
Synchronization, nonlinear dynamics, 05.45.X
Synchrotron radiation
instrumentation, 07.85.Q
by moving charges, 41.60.A
in spin-arrangement determination, 75.25
Synchrotrons, 29.20.L
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR), 84.40.X

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T
Tandem mirrors, 52.55.J
Tantalates, 77.84.D
Taus
decays, 13.35.D
properties, 14.60.F
Teacher training, 01.40.J
Teaching methods, 01.40.G
Technicolor models, 12.60.N
Technological research and development, 89.20.B
Tectonics, 91.45
Tektites, 96.50.M
Telecommunications, 84.40.U
Telemetry, 84.40.X
Telescopes, 95.55
Television cameras, 07.07.H
Temperate regions, 93.30.T
Temperature
atmospheric, 94.10.D
measurement of, 07.20.D
stellar, 97.10.R
Tensile machines, 07.10.L
Tensile strength
materials treatment, 81.40.L
solids, 62.20.F
Tension measurement, 07.10.L
Terrestrial atmosphere, 92.60, 94
Terrestrial electricity, 91.25.Q
Terrestrial heat, 91.35.D
Terrestrial magnetism, 91.25
Textbooks, 01.30.M, P
Texture
materials treatment, 81.40.E
superconductors, 74.80.B
superfluid helium-3, 67.57.F
thin films, 68.55.J
TGS crystals, 77.84.F
Thallium-based high-Tc superconductors, 74.72.F
Thermal analysis, 81.70.P
Thermal blooming, 42.65.J
Thermal conduction
amorphous and liquid metals and alloys, 72.15.C
crystalline metals and alloys, 72.15.E
gases, 51.20
nonelectronic, in solids, 66.70
nonmetallic liquids, 66.60
superconductors, 74.25.F
Thermal diffusion
gases, 51.20
liquids, 66.10.C
Thermal diffusivity, 66.30.X
Thermal expansion, 65.40.D, 65.60
Thermal instruments and techniques, 07.20
Thermally stimulated currents
dielectrics, 77.22.E
thin films, 73.50.G
Thermal models, nuclear reactions, 24.10.P
Thermal properties
amorphous solids and glasses, 65.60
crystalline solids, 65.40
nanocrystals, 65.80
nanotubes, 65.80
quantum crystals, 67.80.G
rocks, 91.60.K
small particles, 65.80
Thermal radiation, 44.40
Thermal stability (thin films), 68.60.D
Thermal waves, 66.70
Thermionic emission, 79.40
Thermionic energy conversion, 52.75.F, 84.60.N
Thermionic plasma devices, 52.75.X
Thermistors, 84.32.F
Thermocouples, 07.20.D
Thermodynamic properties
condensed matter, 65
gases, 51.30
liquid helium-3, 67.55.C
plasma, 52.25.K
solutions, 82.60.L
superconductors, 74.25.B
superfluid helium-3, 67.57.B
superfluid helium-4, 67.40.K
surfaces and interfaces, 05.70.N, 68.35.M
Thermodynamics, 05.70
astrophysics, 95.30.T
black holes, 04.70.D
chemical, 82.60
nonequilibrium, 05.70.L
nucleation, 82.60.N
Thermoelasticity, 46.25.H, 62.20.D, 81.40.J
Thermoelectrets, 77.22.E
Thermoelectric devices, 85.80.F
Thermoelectric effects
metals and alloys, 72.15.J
semiconductors and insulators, 72.20.P
superconductors, 74.25.F
thin films, 73.50.L
Thermoelectric energy conversion, 84.60.R
Thermoelectromagnetic devices, 85.80
Thermoforming, 83.50
Thermography, 87.63.H
Thermogravimetric analysis, 81.70.P
Thermohaline structure, 92.10.M
Thermoluminescence, 78.60.K
Thermoluminescent dosimeters, 87.66.S
Thermomagnetic effects
metals and alloys, 72.15.J
semiconductors and insulators, 72.20.P
thin films, 73.50.J
Thermomechanical effects, 65.40.D
Thermomechanical treatment of materials, 81.40.G
Thermometers, 07.20.D
Thermometry, 07.20.D
Thermonuclear technology, 28.52
Thermooptical effects, 78.20.N
Thermopiles, 07.20.D
Thermoreflectance, 78.20.N
Thermoreversible gels, 83.80.K
Thermorheological properties, 83.60.S
Thermosetting polymers, 83.80.J
Thermosphere, 94.10
Thermotherapy, 87.54.B
Theta pinch, 52.55.E
Thickening flows, 83.60.P
Thick films, 85.40.X
Thin films
acoustical properties, *43.35.N, 68.60.B
conductivity of specific films, 73.61
deposition methods, 81.15
devices, magnetic, 85.70.K
dielectric, 77.55
growth, structure, and epitaxy, 68.55, 81.15.A
integrated optics, 42.82
Langmuir–Blodgett, 68.18, 68.47.P
liquid, 68.15
magnetic, 75.70
mechanical properties, 68.60.B
microscopy, 68.37
optical properties, 78.66
photoemission and photoelectron spectra, 79.60.D
superconducting, 74.76
thermal effects, 68.60.D
transport phenomena, 73.50
Thixotropy, 83.60.P
Thomas–Fermi model
atoms and molecules, 31.15.B
electron gas, 71.10.C
nuclear structure, 21.60
Thyristors, 85.30.R
Tidal interactions (galaxies), 98.65.F
Tides
atmospheric
aeronomy, 94.10.J
meteorology, 92.60.D
Earth, 91.10.T
oceanography, 92.10.H
Time, measurement of, 06.30.F
Time-of-flight mass spectrometry
chemical analysis, 82.80.R
instrumentation, 07.75
Time-resolved spectroscopy, 39.90, 78.47
Time series analysis
astronomy, 95.75.W
nonlinear dynamics, 05.45.T
Tissue response factors, 87.53.T
Tissues, biological
engineering, 87.19.R
mechanical properties, 87.19.R
Titanates, 77.84.D
T–J model, 74.20
Tokamaks, 52.55.F
Tomography
acoustic, *43.60.R
computed, 87.59.F
Earth's interior, 91.35.P
electrical impedance, 87.63.P
optical, 42.30.W
PET, 87.58.F
plate tectonics, 91.45.T
quantum, 03.65.W
SPECT, 87.58.C
ultrasonic, *43.35.W
Topography
Earth, 91.10.J
Moon, 96.20.D
planets, 96.35.G
Topological phases, 03.65.V
Topology
algebraic, 02.40.R
general, 02.40.P
Toroidal confinement devices, 52.55.H
Torque, measurement of, 07.10.P
Torsatrons, 52.55.H
Total energy calculations, 71.15.N
Townsend discharge, 52.80.D
Toys, physics of, 01.50.W
Trajectory models
atomic and molecular collisions, 34.10
chemical kinetics, 82.20.F
Transducers
acoustics, 43.38
general instrumentation, 07.07.M
for underwater sound, *43.30.Y
Transfer functions, optical, 42.30.L
Transfer reactions
deuterium-induced, 25.45.H
heavy-ion-induced, 25.70.H
nucleon-induced, 25.40.H
unstable-nuclei-induced, 25.60.J
Transistors
bipolar, 85.30.P
field effect, 85.30.T
Transition-metal compounds, electrical conductivity of, 72.80.G
Transition metals and alloys
electric conductivity, 72.15.E
electronic structure, 71.20.B
Transition probabilities
atomic, 32.70.C
molecular, 33.70.C
nuclear, 23.20
Transition state theory (chemical kinetics), 82.20.D
Transition temperature (superconductivity), 74.62
Transits, astronomical, 95.10.G
Transmission coefficients, optical, 78.20.C
Transmission electron microscopy, 68.37.L
Transmission lines, 84.40.A
Transonic flows, 47.40.H
Transportation, 89.40
Transport processes
cells, biological, 87.16.U
classical, 05.60.C
gases, 51.10
helium-3
normal phase, 67.55.H
superfluid, 67.57.H
helium-4, superfluid, 67.40.P
interfaces, 73.40
metals and alloys, 72.15, 72.25.B
neutron, 28.20.G
nonelectronic (see 66)
plasma, 52.25.F
quantum, 05.60.G
semiconductors and insulators, 72.20, 72.25.D
specific materials, 72.80
spin-polarized, 72.25
superconductors, 74.25.F
thin films, 73.50, 73.61
Trapped particles (magnetosphere), 94.30.H
Trapping, charge carriers
bulk matter, 72.20.J
thin films, 73.50.G
Traps, ion, 39.10
Traveling-wave tubes, 84.40.F
Traversal time (quantum mechanics), 03.65.X
Treatment planning, 87.53.T
Triboelectricity, 41.20.C
Tribology
rheology, 83.50.L
solids, 62.20.Q
structural mechanics, 46.55
Triboluminescence, 78.60.M
Triple points, 64.60.K
Triplet state, 31.50.D, 33.50
Triton-induced reactions, 25.55
Tritons, 27.10
Tropical regions, 93.30.V
Troposphere, 94.10.D
Tsunamis, 91.30.N
Tube flow, 47.60
Tube theories (rheology), 83.10.K
Tully–Fisher relationship, 98.62.V
Tunneling
defects, 66.35
interface structures, 73.40.G
macroscopic, in magnetic systems, 75.45
quantum Hall effects, 73.43.J
quantum mechanics, 03.65.X
superconductors, 74.50
Tunnel junction devices, 85.30.M
Turbidity currents (marine geology), 91.50.J
Turbulence
aeronomy, 94.10.L
atmospheric optics, 42.68.B
fluid dynamics, 47.27
meteorology, 92.60.E
oceanography, 92.10.L
plasma, 52.35.R
quantum fluids, 67.40.V
Turbulent diffusion, 47.27.Q
Tutorial papers, 01.30.R
Twinning, 61.72.M

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U
ULSI, 85.40
Ultrafast processes
chemical reactions, 82.53
nonlinear optics, 42.65.R
time-resolved spectra, 78.47
Ultrasonic attenuation (superconductors), 74.25.L
Ultrasonic holography, *43.35.S
Ultrasonic imaging, *43.35.W, *43.35.Z
Ultrasonic relaxation, 62.80
Ultrasonic testing, *43.35.Z, 81.70.C
Ultrasonic velocity measurement, *43.35.A, B, C
Ultrasonography, 87.63.D
Ultrasound, 43.35
bioacoustics, 43.80
biological effects, 87.50.K
medical uses, *43.35.W, *43.80.Q, S, V
Ultraviolet detectors, 42.79.P, 85.60.G
Ultraviolet radiation
astronomical observations, 95.85
biological effects, 87.50.G
in photochemistry, 82.50.H
in plasma, 52.25.O
scattering (biological techniques), 87.64.C
surface irradiation effects, 61.80.B
Ultraviolet spectroscopy
atoms, 32.30.J
chemical analysis, 82.80.D
instruments, 07.60.R
molecules, 33.20.L, N
solids and liquids, 78.40
Underwater
acoustics, 43.30, 92.10.V
light and radiation, 92.10.P
morphology, 91.50.G
Undulator radiation, 41.60
Unified field theories
gravity in more than four dimensions, 04.50
models beyond the standard models, 12.60
Units of measurement, 06.20.F
Universe
Early, 98.80.C
origin and formation, 98.80.B
Upsilon mesons, 14.40.N
Uranus, 96.30.P
Urban planning and development, 89.65.L

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V
Vacancies, in crystals, 61.72.J
Vacuum chambers, 07.30.K
Vacuum deposition, 81.15.E
Vacuum gauges, 07.30.D
Vacuum microelectronics, 85.45
Vacuum production, 07.30
Vacuum tubes, 84.47
Valence-bond method
electronic structure of atoms and molecules, 31.15.R
electronic structure solids, 71.15.A
Valence fluctuation
diamagnetism and paramagnetism, 75.20.H
magnetically ordered materials, 75.30.M
Van der Waals molecules, 34.30
Vapor deposited coatings, 68.55, 81.15
Vapor–liquid transitions, 64.70.F
Vapor phase epitaxy, 81.15.K
Vapor–solid transitions, 64.70.H
Variable stars (including novae), 97.30
Variational methods
atomic physics, 31.15.P
classical mechanics, 45.10.D
continuum mechanics, 46.15.C
elementary particle physics, 11.80.F
general relativity, 04.20.F
Varistors, 84.32.F
Velocimeters, laser Doppler, 42.79.Q
Velocity, measurement of, 06.30.G
Veneziano model, 11.55.J, 12.40.N
Venus, 96.30.E
Very large scale integration (VLSI), 85.40
Vesicles, 82.70.U, 87.16.D
Vibrating structures, *43.20.T
Vibrational constants, molecular, 15.M, 33
Vibrational energy transfer, 34.50.E
Vibrational levels
macromolecules, 36.20.N
molecules, 33.20.T
nuclear, 21.60.E
Vibration and tactile senses, *43.64.V, *43.66.W
Vibration isolation, 07.10.F
Vibration measurement, 07.10, 46.40
Vibration–rotational analysis, 33.20.V
Vibration–rotation constants, 33.15.M
Vibrations
adsorbates, 68.43.P
crystal lattices, 63.70
disordered systems, 63.50
mechanical, 46.40
mechanical properties of solids, 62.30
solid surfaces and interfaces, 68.35.J
structural acoustics, 43.40
Vibronic interactions, 33.20.W
Video coding, 42.30.V
Viscoelasticity
continuum mechanics, 46.35
rheology, 83.60.B, D
Viscometers, 47.80
Viscometry, 83.85.J
Viscoplasticity
continuum mechanics, 46.35
rheology, 83.60.L
Viscosity
gases, 51.20
liquids, 66.20
shear rate dependent, 83.60.F
Viscous instability, 47.20.G
Visible and ultraviolet spectrometers, 07.60.R
Visible radiation
astronomical observations, 95.85.K
biological effects, 87.50.H
medical imaging, 87.63.L
in plasma, 52.25.O
scattering (biological techniques), 87.64.C
surface irradiation effects, 61.80.B
Visible spectra
atoms, 32.30.J
molecules, 33.20.K
solids and liquids, 78.40
Vision
computer, robotic, 42.30.T
information processing in, 87.19.D
physiological, 42.66
Visual perception, 42.66.S
Vitroceramics, 81.05.P
Vlasov equation, 52.20, 52.25.F, 52.65.F
VLSI, 85.40
Voids (crystal defects), 61.72.Q
Volcanology, 91.40
Volcano seismology, 91.30.T
Voltage measurement, 84.37
Volume measurement, 06.30.B
Vortices–diffusion systems (chemical kinetics), 82.40.C
Vorticity
helium-3, 67.57.F
helium-4, 67.40.V
laminar flows, 47.15.K
plasma, 52.35.W
rotational flows, 47.32.C

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W
Wakes, 47.27.V
Water cycles, global, 92.70.L
Water pollution, 89.60
Water resources and quality, 92.40.Q
Wave equations
bound states, 03.65.G
relativistic, 03.65.P
Wave fronts, 42.15.D
Waveguides
acoustical, *43.20.M
optical (see Optical waveguides)
plasma-filled, 52.40.F
radiowave and microwave, 84.40.A
Wave optics, 42.25
Weak interactions
atoms, 32.80.Y
beta decay, 23.40.B
electromagnetic corrections, 13.40.K
leptons, 13.10
models of, 12.15
Weak links
superconductivity, 74.50
superfluidity, 67.40.R
Weak localization
electronic conduction, 72.15.R
electron states, 73.20.F
Weapons systems, 89.20.D
Wear
materials treatment, 81.40.P
mechanics, 46.55
Weather analysis and prediction, 92.60.W
Wedges (radiotherapy), 87.53.M
Weighing, 06.30.D
Weightlessness, biological effects of, 87.65
Weinberg–Salam model, 12.15
Weissenberg effect (rheology), 83.60.H
Welding, 81.20.V
workshop techniques, 06.60.V
Westheimer method, 31.15.C
Wetting
liquid crystals, 61.30.H
liquid–solid interfaces, 68.08.B
Whiskers, 68.70
Whistler waves
magnetosphere, 94.30.T
plasma, 52.35.H
White dwarfs, 97.20.R
Wiberg method, 31.15.C
Wiggler magnets, 41.85.L
Windows, optical, 42.79.C
Wind power, 89.30.E
Winds
aeronomy, 94.10.J
meteorology, 92.60.G
Wiring, 84.32.H
Wood (rheology), 83.80.L
Work function, 73.30
Work hardening, 81.40.E
Workshop techniques
laboratory, 06.60.V
optical, 42.86
World Wide Web, 89.20.H

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X
XANES, 61.10.H
Xerography, 07.68
X-ray absorption spectroscopy, 78.70.D
structural analysis, 61.10.H
X-ray beams, 41.50
X-ray binary stars, 97.80.J
X-ray bursts, 98.70.Q
X-ray crystallography, 61.10
X-ray detectors, 07.85.F
superconducting, 85.25.O
X-ray diffraction
biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.B
crystal structure, 61.10.N
defect structure, 61.72.D
X-ray diffractometers, 07.85.N
X-ray dosimetry, 87.53.B, D
X-ray emission spectra, 78.70.E
X-ray fluorescence, 78.70.E
X-ray gratings, 07.85.F
X-ray lasers, 42.55.V
X-ray lithography, 85.40.H
X-ray microscopes, 07.85.T
X-ray microscopy, 68.37.Y
X-ray mirrors, 07.85.F
X-ray optics, 41.50
X-ray photoelectron diffraction, 61.14.Q
X-ray photoelectron spectra
molecules, 33.60.F
surface analysis, 79.60
X-ray radiation effects, 61.80.C
in photochemistry, 82.50.K
X-ray radiography, 87.59.B
digital, 87.59.H
X-ray reflectometry, 61.10.K
X rays
beam optics, 41.50
biological effects, 87.50.G
emission, absorption, and scattering in plasmas, 52.25.O
linear energy transfer (LET), 87.52.D, L
plasma diagnostics, 52.70.L
radiation damage by, 61.80.C
spin arrangement determinations, 75.25
X-ray scattering, 78.70.C
defect structure, 61.72.D
structural analysis, 61.10.E
X-ray sources
galactic and stellar, 97.80.J, 98.70.Q
hard, 52.59.P
instrumentation, 07.85.F
from laser–plasma interactions, 52.38.P
X-ray spectrometers, 07.85.N
X-ray spectroscopy
astronomical observations, 95.85.N
atoms, 32.30.R
biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.F
chemical analysis, 82.80.E
molecules, 33.20.R
nuclear physics, 29.30.K
X-ray standing waves, 68.49.U
X-ray telescopes, 95.55.K
X-ray topography (crystal defects), 61.72.F

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Y
Yang–Mills fields, 12.10, 12.15
Yield strength, 62.20.F
Yield stress (rheology), 83.60.L
Young's modulus, 62.20.D, 81.40.J
Yrast states, 21.10.R
Yttrium-based high-Tc superconductors, 74.72.B

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Zeeman effect
atoms, 32.60
condensed matter, 71.70.E
molecules, 33.55.B
Zener diodes, 85.30.M
Zeolites
catalysis in, 82.75.Q
clusters in, 82.75.V
molecule migration in, 82.75.J
properties of molecules in, 82.75.M
reactions in, 82.33.J
Zero gravity experiments, 81.70.H, 87.65
Zero sound. See 67
Zodiacal light, 96.50.D
Zone melting and refining, 81.10.F
Zone plates, 42.79.C
Z-pinches
devices, 52.58.L
wire array, 52.59.R

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