The detailed headings of this Appendix correspond to the scheme used by the Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

43.05.-k   Acoustical Society of America (in PACS, see also 01.10.Hx)

43.05.Bp   Constitution and bylaws 

43.05.Dr    History 

43.05.Ft   Honorary members 

43.05.Gv   Publications 

43.05.Hw   Meetings 

43.05.Ky   Members and membership lists, personal notes, fellows 

43.05.Ma   Administrative committee activities 

43.05.Nb   Technical committee activities; Technical Council 

43.05.Pc   Prizes, medals, and other awards 

43.05.Re   Regional chapters 

43.05.Sf   Obituaries 

43.10.-a   General

43.10.Ce   Conferences, lectures, and announcements (not of the Acoustical Society of America) (in PACS, see also 01.10.Cr and 01.10.Fv)

43.10.Df    Other acoustical societies and their publications 

43.10.Eg   Biographical, historical, and personal notes (not of the Acoustical Society of America) (in PACS, see also 01.60)

43.10.Gi   Editorials 

43.10.Hj   Books and book reviews (in PACS, see also 01.30.Vv)

43.10.Jk   Bibliographies (in PACS, see also 01.30.Tt)

43.10.Km   Patents 

43.10.Ln   Surveys and tutorial papers; historical and philosophical literature (in PACS, see also 01.30.Rr, 01.65, and 01.70)

43.10.Nq   Nonacoustical theories 

43.10.Pr   Nonacoustical devices 

43.10.Qs   Notes on general acoustics 

43.10.Sv   Education in acoustics (in PACS, see also 01.40, 01.50)

43.10.Vx   Errata 

43.15.+s   Standards (in PACS, see also 06.20.Fn)

43.20.-f   General linear acoustics

43.20.Bi   Mathematical theory of wave propagation (see also 43.40.At)

43.20.Dk   Ray acoustics 

43.20.El    Reflection, refraction, diffraction of acoustic waves (see also 43.30.Es)

43.20.Fn   Scattering of acoustic waves (see also 43.30.Ft, Gv, Hw)

43.20.Gp   Reflection, refraction, diffraction, interference, and scattering of elastic and poroelastic waves 

43.20.Hq   Velocity and attenuation of acoustic waves (see also 43.30.Bp, Cq, Es and 43.35.Ae, Bf, Cg)

43.20.Jr   Velocity and attenuation of elastic and poroelastic waves 

43.20.Ks   Standing waves, resonance, normal modes (see also 43.25.Gf, 43.40.At, and 43.55.Br)

43.20.Mv   Waveguides, wave propagation in tubes and ducts 

43.20.Px   Transient radiation and scattering 

43.20.Rz    Steady-state radiation from sources, impedance, radiation patterns (see also 43.28.Hr and 43.30.Jx)

43.20.Tb   Interaction of vibrating structures with surrounding medium (see also 43.40.Rj)

43.20.Wd   Analogies 

43.20.Ye   Measurement methods and instrumentation (see also 43.58)

43.25.-x    Nonlinear acoustics

43.25.Ba   Parameters of nonlinearity of the medium 

43.25.Cb   Macrosonic propagation, finite amplitude sound; shock waves (see also 43.28.Mw and 43.30.Lz)

43.25.Dc   Nonlinear acoustics of solids 

43.25.Ed   Effect of nonlinearity on velocity and attenuation 

43.25.Fe   Effect of nonlinearity on acoustic surface waves 

43.25.Gf   Standing waves; resonance (see also 43.20.Ks)

43.25.Hg   Interaction of intense sound waves with noise 

43.25.Jh   Reflection, refraction, interference, scattering, and diffraction of intense sound waves (see also 43.30.Lz and 43.20.Fn)

43.25.Lj   Parametric arrays, interaction of sound with sound, virtual sources (see also 43.30.Lz)

43.25.Nm   Acoustic streaming 

43.25.Qp    Radiation pressure (see also 43.58.Pw)

43.25.Rq   Solitons, chaos 

43.25.Ts   Nonlinear acoustical and dynamical systems 

43.25.Uv   Acoustic levitation 

43.25.Vt   Intense sound sources 

43.25.Yw   Acoustic cavitation, vibration of gas bubbles in liquids 

43.25.Zx   Measurement methods and instrumentation for nonlinear acoustics (see also 43.58)

43.28.-g Aeroacoustics and atmospheric sound

43.28.Bj   Mechanisms affecting sound propagation in air, sound speed in the air, acoustic-gravity waves 

43.28.Dm   Infrasound 

43.28.En    Interaction of sound with ground surfaces, ground cover and topography, and acoustic impedance of outdoor surfaces (see also 43.50.Vt, 43.58.Bh)

43.28.Fp   Outdoor sound propagation through a stationary atmosphere, meteorological factors (see also 43.50.Vt)

43.28.Gq   Outdoor sound propagation and scattering in a turbulent atmosphere, and in non-uniform flowfields (see also 43.20.Fn and 43.50.Vt)

43.28.Hr   Outdoor sound sources (see also 43.50.Lj, Nm, Sr)

43.28.Js   Numerical models for outdoor propagation 

43.28.Kt   Aerothermoacoustics and combustion acoustics 

43.28.Lv   Statistical characteristics of sound fields and propagation parameters (see also 43.50.Rq, 43.60.Cg)

43.28.Mw   Shock and blast waves, sonic boom (see also 43.25.Cb and 43.50.Pn)

43.28.Py   Interaction of fluid motion and sound, Doppler effect and sound in flow ducts. 

43.28.Ra   Generation of sound by fluid flow, aerodynamic sound, turbulence (see also 43.30.Nb and 43.50.Ed, Nm)

43.28.Tc   Sound-in-air measurements, methods and instrumentation for location, navigation, altimetry, and sound ranging (See also 43.30.Vh and 43.58)

43.28.Vd    Measurement methods and instrumentation to determine or evaluate atmospheric parameters, winds, turbulence, temperatures, and pollutants in air (see also 43.58)

43.28.We   Measurement methods and instrumentation for remote sensing and for inverse problems (See also 43.58)

43.30.-k  Underwater sound

43.30.Bp   Normal mode propagation of sound in water 

43.30.Cq   Ray propagation of sound in water 

43.30.Dr   Hybrid and asymptotic propagation theories, related experiments 

43.30.Es   Velocity, attenuation, refraction, and diffraction in water, Doppler effect 

43.30.Ft   Volume scattering 

43.30.Gv   Backscattering, echoes, and reverberation in water due to combinations of boundaries 

43.30.Hw   Rough interface scattering 

43.30.Jx   Radiation from objects vibrating under water, acoustic and mechanical impedance (see also 43.58.Bh)

43.30.Ky    Structures and materials for absorbing sound in water; propagation in fluid-filled permeable material 

43.30.Lz   Underwater applications of nonlinear acoustics; explosions (see also 43.25.Cb, Lj)

43.30.Ma   Acoustics of sediments; ice covers, viscoelastic media; seismic underwater acoustics 

43.30.Nb   Noise in water; generation mechanisms and characteristics of the field (see also 43.50.Nm and 43.28.Ra)

43.30.Pc   Ocean parameter estimation by acoustical methods; remote sensing; imaging, inversion, acoustic tomography 

43.30.Qd   Global scale acoustics; ocean basin thermometry, transbasin acoustics 

43.30.Re   Signal coherence or fluctuation due to sound propagation/scattering in the ocean 

43.30.Sf    Acoustical detection of marine life; passive and active 

43.30.Tg   Navigational instruments using underwater sound 

43.30.Vh   Active sonar systems 

43.30.Wi   Passive sonar systems and algorithms, matched field processing (see also 43.60.Gk)

43.30.Xm  Underwater measurement and calibration instrumentation and procedures (see also 43.58)

43.30.Yj   Transducers and transducer arrays for underwater sound; transducer calibration (see also 43.58.Vb)

43.30.Zk   Experimental modeling 

43.35.-c   Ultrasonics, quantum acoustics, and physical effects of sound

43.35.Ae    Ultrasonic velocity, dispersion, scattering, diffraction, and attenuation in gases 

43.35.Bf   Ultrasonic velocity, dispersion, scattering, diffraction, and attenuation in liquids, liquid crystals, suspensions, and emulsions (see also 43.30.Es to Hw)

43.35.Cg   Ultrasonic velocity, dispersion, scattering, diffraction, and attenuation in solids; elastic constants (see also 43.20.Gp, Jr)

43.35.Dh   Pretersonics (sound of frequency above 10¹⁰ Hz); Brillouin scattering 

43.35.Ei   Acoustic cavitation in liquids (see also 43.30.Nb)

43.35.Fj   Ultrasonic relaxation processes in gases, liquids, and solids 

43.35.Gk   Phonons in crystal lattices, quantum acoustics (in PACS, see also 63.20)

43.35.Hl    Sonoluminescence (in PACS, see also 78.60.Mq)

43.35.Kp   Plasma acoustics (in PACS, see also 52.35.Dm)

43.35.Lq   Low-temperature acoustics, sound in liquid helium (in PACS, see also 67.40.Mj)

43.35.Mr  Acoustics of viscoelastic materials 

43.35.Ns   Acoustical properties of thin films (in PACS, see also 68.60.Bs)

43.35.Pt   Surface waves in solids and liquids (in PACS, see also 68.35.Iv and 62.60)

43.35.Rw   Magnetoacoustic effect; oscillations and resonance (in PACS, see also 75.80 and 72.55)

43.35.Sx   Acoustooptical effects, optoacoustics, acoustical visualization, acoustical microscopy, and acoustical holography (see also 43.60.Gk, Sx; in PACS, see also 78.20.Hp)

43.35.Ty   Other physical effects of sound 

43.35.Ud   Thermoacoustics, high temperature acoustics, photoacoustic effect 

43.35.Vz   Chemical effects of ultrasound 

43.35.Wa   Biological effects of ultrasound, ultrasonic tomography (see also 43.40.Ng and 43.80.Gx, Jz, Sh)

43.35.Xd   Nuclear acoustical resonance, acoustical magnetic resonance 

43.35.Yb   Ultrasonic instrumentation and measurement techniques (see also 43.58)

43.35.Zc   Use of ultrasonics in nondestructive testing, industrial processes, and industrial products 

43.38.-p   Transduction; acoustical devices for the generation and reproduction of sound

43.38.Ar   Transducing principles, materials, and structures: general (see also 43.30.Yj and 43.40.Yq)

43.38.Bs   Electrostatic transducers 

43.38.Ct   Magnetostrictive transducers 

43.38.Dv   Electromagnetic and electrodynamic transducers 

43.38.Ew   Feedback transducers 

43.38.Fx   Piezoelectric and ferroelectric transducers 

43.38.Gy   Semiconductor transducers 

43.38.Hz   Transducer arrays, acoustic interaction effects in arrays (see also 43.30.Yj)

43.38.Ja   Loudspeakers and horns, practical sound sources (see also 43.20.Rz and 43.38.Tj)

43.38.Kb   Microphones and their calibration (see also 43.30.Yj and 43.40.Yq)

43.38.Lc   Amplifiers, attenuators, and audio controls 

43.38.Md   Sound recording and reproducing systems, general concepts 

43.38.Ne   Mechanical, optical, and photographic recording and reproducing systems 

43.38.Pf   Hydroacoustic and hydraulic transducers 

43.38.Qg   Magnetic and electrostatic recording and reproducing systems 

43.38.Rh   Surface acoustic wave transducers (see also 43.25.Fe and 43.35.Pt)

43.38.Si   Telephones, earphones, sound power telephones, and intercommunication systems 

43.38.Tj   Public address systems, sound-reinforcement systems(See also 43.55.Jz)

43.38.Vk   Stereophonic reproduction 

43.38.Wl   Broadcasting (radio and television) 

43.38.Yn   Impulse transducers 

43.38.Zp   Acoustooptic and photoacoustic transducers (see also 43.35.Sx)

43.40.-r   Structural acoustics and vibration

43.40.At   Experimental and theoretical studies of vibrating systems (see also 43.20.Bi, Ks, Rz)

43.40.Cw   Vibrations of strings, rods, and beams 

43.40.Dx   Vibrations of membranes and plates 

43.40.Ey   Vibrations of shells 

43.40.Fz    Acoustic scattering by elastic structures 

43.40.Ga   Nonlinear vibration 

43.40.Hb   Random vibration 

43.40.Jc   Shock and shock reduction and absorption; velocity of shock waves (see also 43.25.Cb, 43.28.Mw, and 43.30.Qd)

43.40.Kd   Impact and impact reduction, mechanical transients 

43.40.Le   Techniques for nondestructive evaluation and monitoring, acoustic emission (see also 43.35.Zc)

43.40.Ng   Effects of vibration and shock on biological systems, including man (see also 43.35.Wa, 43.50.Qp, and 43.80)

43.40.Ph   Seismology and geophysical prospecting; seismographs 

43.40.Qi   Effect of sound on structures, fatigue; spatial statistics of structural vibration 

43.40.Rj   Radiation from vibrating tructures into fluid media 

43.40.Sk   Mechanical filters (see also 43.58.Kr)

43.40.Tm   Vibration isolators, attenuators, and dampers (see also 43.55.Vj)

43.40.Vn   Active vibration control 

43.40.Yq   Instrumentation and techniques for tests and measurement relating to shock and vibration, including vibration pickups, indicators, and generators, mechanical impedance 

43.50.-x   Noise: its effects and control

43.50.Ba   Noisiness: rating methods and criteria 

43.50.Cb   Noise spectra, determination of sound power 

43.50.Ed   Noise generation (see also 43.28.Ra)

43.50.Fe   Noise masking systems 

43.50.Gf   Noise control at source: redesign, application of absorptive materials and reactive elements, mufflers, noise silencers, noise barriers, and attenuators, etc. (see also 43.55.Dt)

43.50.Hg   Noise control at the ear (see also 43.66.Vt)

43.50.Jh   Noise in buildings and general machinery noise (see also 43.55.Ev, Fw, Rg)

43.50.Ki   Active noise control 

43.50.Lj   Transportation noise sources: air, road, rail, and marine vehicles 

43.50.Nm   Aerodynamic and jet noise (see also 43.28.Ra)

43.50.Pn   Impulse noise and noise due to impact (see also 43.40.Kd)

43.50.Qp   Effects of noise on man and society, (see also 43.66.Ed, and 43.80.Nd)

43.50.Rq   Environmental noise, measurement, analysis, statistical characteristics 

43.50.Sr   Community noise, noise zoning, by-laws, and legislation 

43.50.Vt   Topographical and meteorological factors in noise propagation 

43.50.Yw   Instrumentation and techniques for noise measurement and analysis (see also 43.58)

43.55.-n   Architectural acoustics

43.55.Br    Room acoustics: theory and experiment; reverberation, normal modes, diffusion, transient and steady-state response (see also 43.20.Fn ,Ks)

43.55.Cs   Stationary response of rooms to noise; spatial statistics of room response; random testing 

43.55.Dt   Sound absorption in enclosures: theory and measurement; use of absorption in offices, commercial and domestic spaces (see also 43.50.Jh)

43.55.Ev   Sound absorption properties of materials: theory and measurement of sound absorption coefficients; acoustic impedance and admittance 

43.55.Fw   Auditorium and enclosure design (see also 43.50.Gf, Jh)

43.55.Gx   Studies of existing auditoria and enclosures 

43.55.Hy   Subjective effects in room acoustics, speech in rooms 

43.55.Jz   Sound-reinforcement systems for rooms and enclosures (see also 43.38.Tj)

43.55.Ka   Computer simulation of acoustics in enclosures, modeling (see also 43.58.Ta)

43.55.Lb   Electrical simulation of reverberation 

43.55.Mc   Room acoustics measuring instruments, computer measurement of room properties (see also 43.58.Fm)

43.55.Nd   Reverberation room design: theory, applications to measurements of sound absorption, transmission loss, sound power 

43.55.Pe   Anechoic chamber design, wedges 

43.55.Rg   Sound transmission through walls and through ducts: theory and measurement 

43.55.Ti    Sound-isolating structures, values of transmission coefficients (see also 43.50.Jh)

43.55.Vj    Vibration-isolating supports in building acoustics (see also 43.40.Tm; in PACS, see 07.10.Fq)

43.55.Wk   Damping of panels 

43.58.-e   Acoustical measurements and instrumentation(see also specific sections for specialized instrumentation)

43.58.Bh   Acoustic impedance measurement (see also 43.30.Jx, 43.20.Rz, and 43.40.Yq)

43.58.Dj   Sound velocity 

43.58.Fm    Sound level meters, level recorders, sound pressure, particle velocity, and sound intensity measurements, meters, and controllers (see also 43.55.Mc)

43.58.Gn   Acoustic impulse analyzers and measurements 

43.58.Hp   Tuning forks, frequency standards; frequency measuring and recording instruments; time standards and chronographs 

43.58.Jq  Wave and tone synthesizers 

43.58.Kr   Spectrum and frequency analyzers and filters; acoustical and electrical oscillographs; photoacoustic spectrometers; acoustical delay lines and resonators (see also 43.40.Sk)

43.58.Ls   Acoustical lenses and microscopes (see also 43.35.Sx)

43.58.Mt   Phase meters 

43.58.Pw   Rayleigh disks (see also 43.25.Qp)

43.58.Ry   Distortion: frequency, nonlinear, phase, and transient; measurement of distortion 

43.58.Ta   Computers and computer programs in acoustics (see also 43.75.Wx, 43.55.Ka, 43.60.Gk, and 43.70.Jt)

43.58.Vb   Calibration of acoustical devices and systems 

43.58.Wc   Electrical and mechanical oscillators 

43.60.-c   Acoustic signal processing

43.60.Bf   Acoustic signal detection forsystem control 

43.60.Cg   Statistical properties of signals and noise 

43.60.Dh   Acoustical system communication, telemetry 

43.60.Gk   Space–time signal processing, matched field processing (see also 43.35.Sx, 43.30.Wi)

43.60.Lq   Displays, pattern recognition, learning machines, adaptive processing 

43.60.Pt   Acoustical inverse problems 

43.60.Qv   Instrumentation and measurement methods (see also 43.58)

43.60.Rw   Remote sensing methods, acoustic tomography 

43.60.Sx   Acoustical holography processing 

43.64.-q   Physiological acoustics

43.64.Bt   Models and theories of the auditory system 

43.64.Dw   Anatomy of the cochlea and auditory nerve 

43.64.Fy   Anatomy of the auditory central nervous system 

43.64.Gz   Biochemistry and pharmacology of the auditory system 

43.64.Ha   Acoustical properties of the outer ear; middle-ear mechanics and reflex 

43.64.Jb   Otoacoustic emission 

43.64.Kc   Cochlear mechanics 

43.64.Ld   Physiology of hair cells 

43.64.Me   Effects of electrical stimulation, cochlear implant 

43.64.Nf   Cochlear electrophysiology 

43.64.Pg   Electrophysiology of the auditory nerve 

43.64.Qh   Electrophysiology of the auditory central nervous system 

43.64.Ri   Evoked responses to sounds 

43.64.Sj   Neural responses to speech 

43.64.Tk   Physiology of sound generation and detection by animals 

43.64.Vm   Physiology of the somatosensory system 

43.64.Wn   Effects of noise and trauma on the auditory system 

43.64.Yp   Instruments and methods (see also 43.58)

43.66.-x   Psychological acoustics

43.66.Ba   Models and theories of auditory processes 

43.66.Cb   Loudness, absolute threshold 

43.66.Dc   Masking 

43.66.Ed   Auditory fatigue, temporary threshold shift 

43.66.Fe   Discrimination: intensity and frequency 

43.66.Gf   Detection and discrimination of sound by animals 

43.66.Hg   Pitch 

43.66.Jh   Timbre 

43.66.Ki   Subjective tones 

43.66.Lj   Perceptual effects of sound (see also 43.71)

43.66.Mk   Temporal and sequential aspects of hearing 

43.66.Nm   Phase effects 

43.66.Pn   Binaural hearing 

43.66.Qp   Localization of sound sources 

43.66.Rq   Dichotic listening 

43.66.Sr   Deafness, audiometry, aging effects 

43.66.Ts   Auditory prostheses, hearing aids 

43.66.Vt   Hearing protection (see also 43.50.Hg)

43.66.Wv   Vibration and tactile senses 

43.66.Yw   Instruments and methods related to hearing and its measurement (see also 43.58)

43.70.-h   Speech production

43.70.Aj   Anatomy and physiology of the vocal tract, larynx function, speech aerodynamics, articulatory kinematics, artificial larynx 

43.70.Bk   Models and theories of speech production 

43.70.Dn   Disordered speech; speech training 

43.70.Ep   Development of speech production 

43.70.Fq   Acoustical correlates of phonetic segments and suprasegmental properties: stress, timing, and intonation 

43.70.Gr   Voice and talker characteristics 

43.70.Jt   Instrumentation and methodology for speech production research 

43.70.Kv   Cross-language analysis of speech 

43.71.-k   Speech perception

43.71.An   Models and theories of speech perception (see also 43.66.Ba)

43.71.Bp   Perception of voice and talker characteristics 

43.71.Es   Vowel and consonant perception; perception of words, sentences, and fluent speech (see also 43.66.Lj)

43.71.Ft   Development of speech perception 

43.71.Gv   Measures of speech perception (intelligibility and quality) 

43.71.Hw    Cross-language perception of speech 

43.71.Ky   Speech perception by the hearing impaired (see also 43.66.Ts)

43.71.Lz   Speech perception by the aging 

43.71.Ma   Visual and tactile speech perception 

43.71.Pc   Peripheral and central mechanisms in speech perception 

43.72.-p   Speech processing and communication systems

43.72.Ar   Speech analysis and analysis techniques; parametric representation of speech 

43.72.Bs   Neural networks for speech recognition 

43.72.Ct   Acoustical methods for determining vocal tract shapes 

43.72.Dv   Speech-noise interaction 

43.72.Ew   Speech enhancement techniques 

43.72.Fx   Talker identification and adaptation algorithms 

43.72.Gy   Narrow, medium, and wideband speech coding 

43.72.Ja   Speech synthesis and synthesistechniques 

43.72.Kb   Speech communication systems and speech performance (see also 43.38.Si)

43.72.Lc   Time and frequency alignment procedures for speech 

43.72.Ne   Automatic speech recognition systems 

43.72.Pf   Automatic talker recognition systems 

43.75.-z   Music and musical instruments

43.75.Bc   Intonation, vibrato, musical scales, and musical composition 

43.75.Cd   Music perception and cognition 

43.75.De   Bowed stringed instruments 

43.75.Ef   Woodwinds 

43.75.Fg   Brass wind instruments (lip vibrated) 

43.75.Gh   Plucked stringed instruments 

43.75.Hi   Drums and other membranophonic instruments 

43.75.Kk   Bells, xylophones, and other instruments having rigid vibrators 

43.75.Mn   Pianos and other keyboard stringed instruments 

43.75.Np   Pipe organs 

43.75.Pq   Reed wind instruments 

43.75.Qr   Flue wind instruments 

43.75.Rs   Singing 

43.75.St   Musical performance analysis and training 

43.75.Tv   Electrical musical instruments 

43.75.Wx   Electronic music, computer music(see also 43.58.Ta)

43.75.Yy   Instrumentation and techniques for measurements (see also 43.58)

43.80.-n   Bioacoustics

43.80.Cs   Acoustical characteristics of biological media: molecular species, cellular level tissues 

43.80.Ev   Acoustical measurement methods in biological systems and media 

43.80.Gx   Mechanisms of action of acoustic energy on biologicalsystems: physical processes, sites of action (in PACS, see also 87.50.Kk)

43.80.Jz   Use of acoustic energy (with or without other forms) in studies of structure and function of biological systems (in PACS, see also 87.50.Kk)

43.80.Ka   Sound production by animals: mechanisms, characteristics, populations, biosonar (see also 43.30.Nb and 43.64.Tk)

43.80.Lb   Sound reception by animals: anatomy, physiology, auditory capacities, processing (see also 43.64.Tk, 43.66.Gf)

43.80.Nd   Effects of noise on animals and associated behavior, protective mechanisms (see also 43.50.Qp, 43.64.Tk)

43.80.Pe   Agroacoustics 

43.80.Qf   Medical diagnosis with acoustics (in PACS, see also 87.63.Df)

43.80.Sh   Medical use of ultrasonics for tissue modification (permanent and temporary) (in PACS, see also 87.50.Kk)

43.80.Vj   Acoustical medical instrumentation and measurement techniques (see also 43.66.Ts and 43.58)