80.	Interdisciplinary physics and related areas of science and technology
81.	Materials science
81.05.-t	Specific materials: fabrication, treatment, testing and analysis
81.05.Bx	Metals, semimetals, and alloys: fabrication, treatment, testing and analysis
81.05.Cy	Elemental semiconductors: fabrication, treatment, testing and analysis
81.05.Dz	II-VI semiconductors: fabrication, treatment, testing and analysis
81.05.Ea	III-V semiconductors: fabrication, treatment, testing and analysis
81.05.Gc	Amorphous semiconductors: fabrication, treatment testing and analysis
81.05.Hd	Other semiconductors: fabrication, treatment, testing and analysis excluding elemental, II-VI, III-V and amorphous semiconductors
81.05.Je	Ceramics and refractories: fabrication, treatment, testing and analysis including borides, carbides, hydrides, nitrides, oxides, and silicides
81.05.Kf	Glasses: fabrication, treatment, testing and analysis including metallic glasses
81.05.Lg	Polymers and plastics; rubber; synthetic and natural fibers; organometallic and organic materials: fabrication, treatment, testing and analysis
81.05.Mh	Cermets, ceramic and refractory composites: fabrication, treatment, testing and analysis
81.05.Ni	Dispersion-, fiber-, and platelet-reinforced metal-based composites: fabrication, treatment, testing and analysis
81.05.Pj	Glass-based composites, vitroceramics: fabrication, treatment, testing and analysis
81.05.Qk	Reinforced polymers and polymer-based composites: fabrication, treatment, testing and analysis
81.05.Rm	Porous materials; granular materials: fabrication, treatment, testing and analysis
81.05.Tp	Fullerenes and related materials; fabrication, treatment, testing and analysis
81.05.Uw	Carbon, diamond, graphite: fabrication, treatment, testing and analysis
81.05.Zx	New materials: theory, design, and fabrication
81.07.-b	Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization
81.07.Bc	Nanocrystalline materials: fabrication and characterization
81.07.De	Nanotubes: fabrication and characterization
81.07.Lk	Nanocontacts: fabrication and characterization
81.07.Nb	Molecular nanostructures: fabrication and characterization
81.07.Pr	Organic-inorganic hybrid nanostructures: fabrication and characterization
81.07.St	Quantum wells: fabrication and characterization
81.07.Ta	Quantum dots: fabrication and characterization
81.07.Vb	Quantum wires: fabrication and characterization
81.07.Wx	Nanopowders: fabrication and characterization
81.10.-h	Methods of crystal growth; physics of crystal growth
81.10.Aj	Theory, models and physics of crystal growth including crystal morphology and orientation
81.10.Bk	Crystal growth from vapor
81.10.Dn	Crystal growth from solutions
81.10.Fq	Crystal growth from melts; zone melting and refining
81.10.Jt	Crystal growth from solid phases including multiphase diffusion and recrystallization
81.10.Mx	Crystal growth in microgravity environments
81.15.-z	Methods of deposition of films and coatings including film growth and epitaxy
81.15.Aa	Theory and models of film growth
81.15.Cd	Deposition by sputtering
81.15.Ef	Vacuum deposition
81.15.Fg	Laser deposition
81.15.Gh	Chemical vapor deposition including plasma-enhanced CVD, MOCVD, etc
81.15.Hi	Molecular, atomic, ion, and chemical beam epitaxy
81.15.Jj	Ion and electron beam-assisted deposition; ion plating
81.15.Kk	Vapor phase epitaxy; growth from vapor phase
81.15.Lm	Liquid phase epitaxy; deposition from liquid phases (melts, solutions, and surface layers on liquids)
81.15.Np	Solid phase epitaxy; thin film growth from solid phases
81.15.Pq	Electrodeposition, electroplating
81.15.Rs	Spray coating techniques
81.16.-c	Methods of nanofabrication and processing
81.16.Be	Chemical synthesis methods in nanofabrication and processing
81.16.Dn	Self-assembly in nanofabrication and processing
81.16.Fg	Supramolecular and biochemical assembly in nanofabrication and processing
81.16.Hc	Catalytic methods in nanofabrication and processing
81.16.Mk	Laser-assisted deposition in nanofabrication and processing
81.16.Nd	Nanolithography in nanofabrication and processing
81.16.Pr	Nanooxidation in nanofabrication and processing
81.16.Rf	Nanoscale pattern formation in nanofabrication and processing
81.16.Ta	Atom manipulation in nanofabrication and processing
81.20.-n	Methods of materials synthesis and materials processing
81.20.Ev	Powder processing including powder metallurgy, compaction, sintering, mechanical alloying, and granulation
81.20.Fw	Sol-gel processing, precipitation
81.20.Hy	Forming; molding, extrusion etc.
81.20.Ka	Chemical synthesis; combustion synthesis
81.20.Rg	Aerosols in materials synthesis and processing
81.20.Vj	Joining; welding
81.20.Wk	Machining, milling
81.20.Ym	Purification of materials
81.30.-t	Phase diagrams and microstructures developed by solidification and solid-solid phase transformations
81.30.Bx	Phase diagrams of metals and alloys
81.30.Dz	Phase diagrams of other materials excluding metals and alloys
81.30.Fb	Solidification
81.30.Hd	Constant-composition solid-solid phase transformations: polymorphic, massive, and order-disorder
81.30.Kf	Martensitic transformations
81.30.Mh	Solid-phase precipitation
81.40.-z	Treatment of materials and its effects on microstructure and properties
81.40.Cd	Solid solution hardening, precipitation hardening, and dispersion hardening; aging
81.40.Ef	Cold working, work hardening and annealing including post-deformation annealing, quenching, tempering recovery, and crystallization
81.40.Gh	Other heat and thermomechanical treatments
81.40.Jj	Elasticity and anelasticity, stress-strain relations
81.40.Lm	Deformation, plasticity, and creep
81.40.Np	Fatigue, embrittlement, fracture and failure including corrosion fatigue and cracking
81.40.Pq	Friction, lubrication, and wear
81.40.Rs	Electrical and magnetic properties (related to material treatment conditions)
81.40.Tv	Optical and dielectric properties (related to material treatment conditions)
81.40.Vw	Pressure treatment of materials
81.40.Wx	Radiation treatment (particle and electromagnetic) of materials
81.65.-b	Surface treatments
81.65.Cf	Surface cleaning, etching, patterning
81.65.Kn	Corrosion protection
81.65.Lp	Surface hardening: nitridation, carburization, carbonitridation
81.65.Mq	Surface oxidation
81.65.Ps	Surface polishing, grinding, finishing
81.65.Rv	Surface passivation
81.65.Tx	Surface gettering
81.70.-q	Methods of materials testing and analysis
81.70.Bt	Mechanical testing, impact tests, static and dynamic loads
81.70.Cv	Nondestructive testing: ultrasonic testing, photoacoustic testing
81.70.Ex	Nondestructive testing: electromagnetic testing, eddy-current testing
81.70.Fy	Nondestructive testing: optical methods
81.70.Ha	Materials testing in microgravity environments
81.70.Jb	Chemical composition analysis (materials testing) including chemical depth and dopant profiling
81.70.Pg	Thermal analysis (materials testing) including differential thermal analysis (DTA), differential thermogravimetric analysis
81.70.Tx	Computed tomography for materials testing and analysis
81.90.+c	Other topics in materials science (restricted to new topics in section 81)
82.	Physical chemistry and chemical physics
82.20.-w	Chemical kinetics and dynamics
82.20.Bc	State selected dynamics and product distribution in chemical kinetics
82.20.Db	Transition state theory and statistical theories of rate constants (chemical kinetics)
82.20.Ej	Quantum theory of reaction cross section in chemical kinetics
82.20.Fd	Collision theories and trajectory models of chemical kinetics
82.20.Gk	Electronically non-adiabatic reactions in chemical kinetics
82.20.Hf	Product distribution in chemical kinetics
82.20.Kh	Potential energy surfaces for chemical reactions
82.20.Ln	Semiclassical theory of reactions and/or energy transfer in chemical kinetics
82.20.Nk	Classical theories of reactions and/or energy transfer in chemical kinetics
82.20.Pm	Chemical rate constants, reaction cross sections, and activation energies
82.20.Rp	State to state energy transfer in chemical reactions
82.20.Sb	Correlation function theory of rate constants and its applications in chemical kinetics
82.20.Tr	Isotope effects in chemical kinetics including muonium
82.20.Uv	Stochastic theories of rate constants in chemical kinetics
82.20.Wt	Computational modeling and simulation of chemical kinetics
82.20.Xr	Quantum effects in rate constants (chemical kinetics) including tunneling, resonances, etc
82.20.Yn	Solvent effects on reactivity in chemical kinetics
82.30.-b	Specific chemical reactions; reaction mechanisms
82.30.Cf	Atom and radical chemical reactions; chain reactions, molecule-molecule reactions
82.30.Fi	Ion-molecule, ion-ion, and charge-transfer chemical reactions
82.30.Gg	Positronium chemistry
82.30.Hk	Chemical exchanges (substitution, atom transfer, abstraction, disproportionation, and group exchange)
82.30.Lp	Decomposition chemical reactions (pyrolysis, dissociation, and fragmentation)
82.30.Nr	Association, addition, insertion, cluster formation (chemical reactions)
82.30.Qt	Isomerization and rearrangement in chemical reactions
82.30.Rs	Hydrogen bonding, hydrophilic effects (chemical reactions)
82.30.Vy	Homogeneous catalysis in solution, polymers, and zeolites
82.33.-z	Chemical reactions in various media
82.33.De	Chemical reactions in supercritical fluids
82.33.Fg	Chemical reactions in clusters
82.33.Hk	Chemical reactions on clusters
82.33.Jx	Chemical reactions in zeolites
82.33.Ln	Chemical reactions in sol gels, aerogels, porous media
82.33.Nq	Chemical reactions in micelles
82.33.Pt	Solid state chemistry
82.33.Tb	Atmospheric chemistry
82.33.Vx	Chemical reactions in flames, combustion, and explosions
82.33.Xj	Plasma chemical reactions including flowing afterglow and electric discharges
82.33.Ya	Chemistry of MOCVD and other vapor deposition methods
82.35.-x	Polymers: properties; reactions; polymerization
82.35.Cd	Conducting polymers (polymer chemistry)
82.35.Ej	Nonlinear optics with polymers (polymer chemistry)
82.35.Gh	Polymers on surfaces; adhesion (polymer chemistry)
82.35.Jk	Copolymers, phase transitions, structure (polymer chemistry)
82.35.Lr	Physical properties of polymers relating to polymer chemistry
82.35.Np	Nanoparticles in polymers (polymer chemistry)
82.35.Pq	Biopolymer chemistry, biopolymerization
82.35.Rs	Polyelectrolytes (chemistry)
82.37.-j	Single molecule kinetics
82.37.Gk	STM and AFM manipulations of a single molecule (chemical kinetics)
82.37.Np	Single molecule reaction kinetics, dissociation, etc
82.37.Rs	Single molecule manipulation of proteins and other biological molecules (chemical kinetics)
82.37.Vb	Single molecule photochemistry
82.39.-k	Chemical kinetics in biological systems
82.39.Fk	Enzyme kinetics
82.39.Jn	Charge (electron, proton) transfer in biological systems (chemical kinetics)
82.39.Pj	Nucleic acids, DNA and RNA bases (chemical kinetics)
82.39.Rt	Chemical reactions in complex biological systems
82.39.Wj	Ion exchange, dialysis, osmosis, electro-osmosis, membrane processes in biological systems
82.40.-g	Chemical kinetics and reactions: special regimes and techniques
82.40.Bj	Oscillations, chaos, and bifurcations in chemical reactions
82.40.Ck	Pattern formation in chemical reactions with diffusion, flow and heat transfer
82.40.Fp	Shock waves initiated chemical reactions; high-pressure chemistry
82.40.Np	Temporal and spatial patterns in surface chemical reactions
82.40.Qt	Complex chemical systems
82.45.-h	Electrochemistry and electrophoresis
82.45.Aa	Electrochemical synthesis
82.45.Bb	Corrosion and passivation (electrochemistry)
82.45.Cc	Anodic films (electrochemistry)
82.45.Fk	Electrodes
82.45.Gj	Electrolytes (electrochemistry)
82.45.Hk	Electrolysis
82.45.Jn	Surface structure, reactivity and catalysis (electrochemistry)
82.45.Mp	Thin layers, films, monolayers, membranes (electrochemistry)
82.45.Qr	Electrodeposition and electrodissolution
82.45.Rr	Electroanalytical chemistry
82.45.Tv	Bioelectrochemistry
82.45.Un	Dielectric materials in electrochemistry
82.45.Vp	Semiconductor materials in electrochemistry
82.45.Wx	Polymers and organic materials in electrochemistry
82.45.Xy	Ceramics in electrochemistry
82.45.Yz	Nanostructured materials in electrochemistry
82.47.-a	Applied electrochemistry
82.47.Aa	Lithium-ion batteries
82.47.Cb	Lead-acid, nickel-metal hydride and other batteries
82.47.Ed	Solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFC)
82.47.Gh	Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells
82.47.Jk	Photoelectrochemical cells, photoelectrochromic and other hybrid electrochemical energy storage devices
82.47.Lh	Molten-carbonate fuel cells (MCFC)
82.47.Nj	Polymer-electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC)
82.47.Pm	Phosphoric-acid fuel cells (PAFC); other fuel cells
82.47.Rs	Electrochemical sensors
82.47.Tp	Electrochemical displays
82.47.Uv	Electrochemical capacitors; supercapacitors
82.47.Wx	Electrochemical engineering
82.50.-m	Photochemistry
82.50.Bc	Chemical processes caused by infrared radiation
82.50.Hp	Chemical processes caused by visible and UV light
82.50.Kx	Chemical processes caused by X-rays or gamma-rays
82.50.Nd	Control of photochemical reactions
82.50.Pt	Multiphoton processes in photochemistry
82.53.-k	Femtochemistry
82.53.Eb	Pump probe studies of photodissociation (femtochemistry)
82.53.Hn	Pump probe experiments with bound states (femtochemistry)
82.53.Kp	Coherent spectroscopy of atoms and molecules (femtochemistry)
82.53.Mj	Femtosecond probing of semiconductor nanostructures (femtochemistry)
82.53.Ps	Femtosecond probing of biological molecules (femtochemistry)
82.53.St	Femtochemistry of adsorbed molecules
82.53.Uv	Femtosecond probes of molecules in liquids (femtochemistry)
82.53.Xa	Femtosecond probes of molecules in solids and of molecular solids (femtochemistry)
82.56.-b	Nuclear magnetic resonance (of chemical processes)
82.56.Dj	High resolution NMR (of chemical processes)
82.56.Fk	Multidimensional NMR (of chemical processes)
82.56.Hg	Multinuclear NMR (of chemical processes)
82.56.Jn	Pulse sequences in NMR (of chemical processes)
82.56.Lz	Diffusion in NMR (of chemical processes)
82.56.Na	Relaxation in NMR (of chemical processes)
82.56.Pp	NMR of chemical processes in biomolecules
82.56.Ub	Structure determination with NMR (in chemical processes)
82.60.-s	Chemical thermodynamics
82.60.Cx	Enthalpies of combustion, reaction, and formation (chemistry)
82.60.Fa	Heat capacities and heats of phase transitions (chemistry)
82.60.Hc	Chemical equilibria and equilibrium constants
82.60.Lf	Thermodynamics of solutions (chemistry)
82.60.Nh	Thermodynamics of nucleation (chemistry)
82.60.Qr	Chemical thermodynamics of nanoparticles
82.65.+r	Surface and interface chemistry; heterogeneous catalysis at surfaces
82.70.-y	Disperse systems; complex fluids
82.70.Dd	Colloids
82.70.Gg	Gels and sols
82.70.Kj	Emulsions and suspensions
82.70.Rr	Aerosols and foams
82.70.Uv	Surfactants, micellar solutions, vesicles, lamellae, amphiphilic systems including hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions
82.75.-z	Molecular sieves, zeolites, clathrates, and other complex solids
82.75.Fq	Synthesis, structure determination, structure modeling of molecular sieves, zeolites and clathrates
82.75.Jn	Measurements and modeling of molecule migration in zeolites
82.75.Mj	Measurements and simulation of properties (optical, structural) of molecules in zeolites
82.75.Qt	Mechanism and kinetics of catalysis in zeolites including measurements or simulations
82.75.Vx	Clusters in zeolites
82.80.-d	Chemical analysis and related physical methods of analysis
82.80.Bg	Chromatography
82.80.Dx	Chemical analytical methods involving electronic spectroscopy
82.80.Ej	X-ray, Mössbauer, and other -ray spectroscopic chemical analysis methods
82.80.Fk	Electrochemical analytical methods
82.80.Gk	Chemical analytical methods involving vibrational spectroscopy
82.80.Ha	Chemical analytical methods involving rotational spectroscopy
82.80.Jp	Activation analysis and other radiochemical analytical methods
82.80.Kq	Energy-conversion spectroscopic methods of chemical analysis e.g., photoacoustic, photothermal, and optogalvanic spectroscopic methods
82.80.Ms	Mass spectrometry (chemical analysis) including SIMS, multiphoton ionization and resonance ionization mass spectrometry, MALDI
82.80.Nj	Fourier transform mass spectrometry (chemical analysis)
82.80.Pv	Electron spectroscopy (chemical analysis) including X-ray photoelectron (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), etc
82.80.Qx	Ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (chemical analysis)
82.80.Rt	Time of flight mass spectrometry (chemical analysis)
82.80.Yc	Rutherford backscattering (RBS), and other methods of chemical analysis
82.90.+j	Other topics in physical chemistry and chemical physics (restricted to new topics in section 82)
83.	Rheology
83.10.-y	Fundamental and theoretical (rheology)
83.10.Bb	Kinematics of deformation and flow
83.10.Ff	Continuum mechanics
83.10.Gr	Constitutive relations in rheology
83.10.Kn	Reptation and tube theories in rheology
83.10.Mj	Molecular dynamics, Brownian dynamics in rheology
83.10.Pp	Particle dynamics in rheology
83.10.Rs	Computer simulation of molecular and particle dynamics in rheology
83.10.Tv	Structural and phase changes in rheology
83.50.-v	Deformation and flow
83.50.Ax	Steady shear flows, viscometric flow
83.50.Ha	Flow in channels (rheology)
83.50.Jf	Extensional flow and combined shear and extension
83.50.Lh	Slip boundary effects (interfacial and free surface flows)
83.50.Rp	Wall slip and apparent slip in rheology
83.50.Uv	Material processing (rheology) including extension, molding, etc
83.50.Xa	Mixing and blending in rheology
83.60.-a	Material behavior in rheology
83.60.Bc	Linear viscoelasticity
83.60.Df	Nonlinear viscoelasticity
83.60.Fg	Shear rate dependent viscosity
83.60.Hc	Normal stress differences and their effects in rheology e.g. rod climbing
83.60.Jk	Extrudate swell
83.60.La	Viscoplasticity; yield stress in rheology
83.60.Np	Effects of electric and magnetic fields in rheology
83.60.Pq	Time-dependent structure (rheology) including thixotropy, rheopexy
83.60.Rs	Shear rate-dependent structure (rheology) including shear thinning and shear thickening
83.60.St	Non-isothermal rheology
83.60.Uv	Wave propagation, fracture, and crack healing in rheology
83.60.Wc	Flow instabilities in rheology
83.60.Yz	Drag reduction in rheology
83.80.-k	Material type (rheology)
83.80.Ab	Solids (rheology) e.g. composites, glasses, semicrystalline polymers
83.80.Fg	Granular solids (rheology)
83.80.Gv	Electro- and magnetorheological fluids
83.80.Hj	Suspensions, dispersions, pastes, slurries, colloids (rheology)
83.80.Iz	Emulsions and foams (rheology)
83.80.Jx	Chemically reacting systems: thermosetting polymers, chemorheology, rheokinetics
83.80.Kn	Physical gels and microgels (rheology)
83.80.Lz	Physiological materials (rheology) e.g. blood, collagen, etc
83.80.Mc	Other natural materials (rheology) e.g. wood and other vegetable materials
83.80.Nb	Geological materials (rheology) including Earth, magma, ice, rocks, etc
83.80.Qr	Surfactant and micellar systems, associated polymers (rheology)
83.80.Rs	Polymer solutions (rheology)
83.80.Sg	Polymer melts (rheology)
83.80.Tc	Polymer blends (rheology)
83.80.Uv	Block copolymers (rheology)
83.80.Va	Elastomeric polymers (rheology)
83.80.Wx	Filled elastomers (rheology)
83.80.Xz	Liquid crystals (rheology) including nematic, cholesteric, smectic, discotic, etc
83.80.Ya	Processed food (rheology)
83.85.-c	Techniques and apparatus in rheology
83.85.Cg	Rheological measurements - rheometry
83.85.Ei	Optical methods; rheo-optics
83.85.Fg	NMR/magnetic resonance imaging in rheology
83.85.Hf	X-ray and neutron scattering in rheology
83.85.Jn	Viscosity measurements
83.85.Lq	Normal stress difference measurements in rheology
83.85.Ns	Data analysis in rheology including interconversion of data; computation of relaxation and retardation spectra; time-temperature superposition, etc
83.85.Pt	Computational fluid dynamics
83.85.Rx	Extensional flow measurement in rheology
83.85.St	Stress relaxation in rheology
83.85.Tz	Creep and/or creep recoil in rheology
83.85.Vb	Small amplitude oscillatory shear in rheology (dynamic mechanical analysis)
83.90.+s	Other topics in rheology (restricted to new topics in section 83)
84.	Electronics; radiowave and microwave technology; direct energy conversion and storage
84.30.-r	Electronic circuits
84.30.Bv	Circuit theory including computer-aided circuit design and analysis
84.30.Jc	Power electronics; power supply circuits
84.30.Le	Amplifiers (electronic circuits)
84.30.Ng	Oscillators, pulse generators, and function generators
84.30.Qi	Modulators and demodulators; discriminators, comparators, mixers, limiters, and compressors
84.30.Sk	Pulse and digital circuits
84.30.Vn	Filters (electronic circuits)
84.32.-y	Passive circuit components
84.32.Dd	Connectors, relays, and switches
84.32.Ff	Conductors, resistors including thermistors, varistors, and photoresistors
84.32.Hh	Inductors and coils; wiring
84.32.Tt	Capacitors
84.32.Vv	Fuses
84.35.+i	Neural networks (circuit implementations)
84.37.+q	Electric variable measurements including voltage, current, resistance, capacitance, inductance, impedance, and admittance, etc
84.40.-x	Radiowave and microwave technology including millimeter wave technology
84.40.Az	Waveguides, transmission lines, striplines
84.40.Ba	Antennas: theory, components and accessories
84.40.Dc	Microwave circuits
84.40.Fe	Microwave tubes including klystrons, magnetrons, traveling-wave, backward-wave tubes, etc
84.40.Ik	Masers; gyrotrons including cyclotron-resonance masers
84.40.Lj	Microwave integrated electronics
84.40.Ua	Telecommunications: signal transmission and processing; communication satellites
84.40.Xb	Telemetry: remote control, remote sensing; radar
84.47.+w	Vacuum tubes
84.50.+d	Electric motors
84.60.-h	Direct energy conversion and energy storage
84.60.Bk	Performance characteristics of energy conversion systems including figure of merit
84.60.Jt	Photoelectric conversion: solar cells and arrays
84.60.Lw	Magnetohydrodynamic conversion
84.60.Ny	Thermionic conversion
84.60.Rb	Thermoelectric, electrogasdynamic and other direct energy conversion excluding electrochemical, photoelectric, magnetohydrodynamic, and thermionic conversion
84.60.Ve	Energy storage systems including capacitor banks
84.70.+p	High-current and high-voltage technology: power systems; power transmission lines and cables
84.71.-b	Superconducting high-power technology
84.71.Ba	Superconducting magnets; magnetic levitation devices
84.71.Fk	Superconducting cables
84.71.Mn	Superconducting wires, fibers, and tapes
84.90.+a	Other topics in electronics, radiowave and microwave technology, and direct energy conversion and storage (restricted to new topics in section 84)
85.	Electronic and magnetic devices; microelectronics
85.25.-j	Superconducting devices
85.25.Am	Superconducting device characterization, design, and modeling
85.25.Cp	Josephson devices
85.25.Dq	Superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs)
85.25.Hv	Superconducting logic elements and memory devices; microelectronic circuits
85.25.Oj	Superconducting optical, x-ray, and gamma-ray detectors including SIS, NIS, and transition edge devices
85.25.Pb	Superconducting infrared, submillimeter and millimeter wave detectors
85.25.Qc	Superconducting surface acoustic wave devices and other superconducting devices
85.30.-z	Semiconductor devices
85.30.De	Semiconductor-device characterization, design, and modeling
85.30.Fg	Bulk semiconductor and conductivity oscillation devices including Hall effect devices, space-charge-limited devices, and Gunn effect devices
85.30.Hi	Surface barrier, boundary, and point contact semiconductor devices
85.30.Kk	Semiconductor junction diodes
85.30.Mn	Semiconductor junction breakdown and tunneling devices including resonance tunneling devices
85.30.Pq	Bipolar transistors
85.30.Rs	Thyristors
85.30.Tv	Semiconductor field effect devices
85.35.-p	Nanoelectronic devices
85.35.Be	Quantum well devices including quantum dots, quantum wires, etc
85.35.Ds	Quantum interference devices
85.35.Gv	Single electron devices
85.35.Kt	Nanotube devices
85.40.-e	Microelectronics: LSI, VLSI, ULSI; integrated circuit fabrication technology
85.40.Bh	Computer-aided design of microcircuits including layout and modeling
85.40.Hp	Lithography, masks and pattern transfer (microelectronics)
85.40.Ls	Metallization, contacts, interconnects; device isolation
85.40.Qx	Microcircuit quality, noise, performance, and failure analysis
85.40.Ry	Impurity doping, diffusion and ion implantation technology (microelectronics)
85.40.Sz	Deposition technology (integrated circuit fabrication)
85.40.Xx	Hybrid microelectronics; thick films
85.45.-w	Vacuum microelectronics
85.45.Bz	Vacuum microelectronic device characterization, design, and modeling
85.45.Db	Field emitters and arrays, cold electron emitters
85.45.Fd	Field emission displays (FEDs)
85.50.-n	Dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric devices
85.50.Gk	Non-volatile ferroelectric memories
85.60.-q	Optoelectronic devices
85.60.Bt	Optoelectronic device characterization, design, and modeling
85.60.Dw	Photodiodes; phototransistors; photoresistors
85.60.Gz	Photodetectors including infrared and CCD detectors
85.60.Ha	Photomultipliers; phototubes and photocathodes
85.60.Jb	Light-emitting devices
85.60.Pg	Optoelectronic display systems
85.65.+h	Molecular electronic devices
85.70.-w	Magnetic devices
85.70.Ay	Magnetic device characterization, design, and modeling
85.70.Ec	Magnetostrictive, magnetoacoustic, and magnetostatic devices
85.70.Ge	Ferrite and garnet devices
85.70.Kh	Magnetic thin film devices: magnetic heads (magnetoresistive, inductive, etc.); domain-motion devices, etc
85.70.Li	Other magnetic recording and storage devices including tapes, disks, and drums
85.70.Rp	Magnetic levitation, propulsion and control devices
85.70.Sq	Magnetooptical devices
85.75.-d	Magnetoelectronics; spintronics: devices exploiting spin polarized transport or integrated magnetic fields
85.75.Bb	Magnetic memory using giant magnetoresistance
85.75.Dd	Magnetic memory using magnetic tunnel junctions
85.75.Ff	Reprogrammable magnetic logic
85.75.Hh	Spin polarized field effect transistors
85.75.Mm	Spin polarized resonant tunnel junctions
85.75.Nn	Hybrid Hall devices (magnetoelectronics)
85.75.Ss	Magnetic field sensors using spin polarized transport
85.80.-b	Thermoelectromagnetic and other devices
85.80.Fi	Thermoelectric devices
85.80.Jm	Magnetoelectric devices
85.80.Lp	Magnetothermal devices
85.85.+j	Micro- and nano-electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS) and devices
85.90.+h	Other topics in electronic and magnetic devices and microelectronics (restricted to new topics in section 85)
87.	Biological and medical physics
87.10.+e	General theory and mathematical aspects (biological/medical physics)
87.14.-g	Biomolecules: types
87.14.Cc	Lipids (biomolecules)
87.14.Ee	Proteins
87.14.Gg	DNA, RNA
87.15.-v	Biomolecules: structure and physical properties
87.15.Aa	Theory and modeling in molecular biophysics; computer simulation
87.15.By	Structure and bonding of biomolecules
87.15.Cc	Folding and sequence analysis of biomolecules
87.15.He	Biomolecular dynamics and conformational changes
87.15.Kg	Biomolecular interactions; membrane-protein interactions
87.15.La	Mechanical properties of biomolecules
87.15.Mi	Spectra, photodissociation, and photoionization of biomolecules; bioluminescence
87.15.Nn	Properties of biomolecular solutions; aggregation and crystallization of macromolecules
87.15.Rn	Biochemical reactions and kinetics; polymerization
87.15.Tt	Electrophoresis (molecular biophysics)
87.15.Vv	Diffusion (molecular biophysics)
87.15.Ya	Fluctuations (molecular biophysics)
87.16.-b	Subcellular structure and processes
87.16.Ac	Theory and modeling of subcellular structure and processes; computer simulation
87.16.Dg	Biomembranes, bilayers, and vesicles
87.16.Gj	Cell walls
87.16.Ka	Filaments, microtubules, their networks, and supramolecular assemblies (subcellular structure/processes)
87.16.Nn	Motor proteins (myosin, kinesin dynein) (subcellular structure/processes)
87.16.Qp	Pseudopods, lamellipods, cilia, and flagella (subcellular structure/processes)
87.16.Sr	Chromosomes, histones (subcellular structure/processes)
87.16.Tb	Organelles (subcellular structure/processes)
87.16.Uv	Biological active transport processes; ion channels
87.16.Xa	Signal transduction (subcellular structure/processes)
87.16.Yc	Regulatory chemical networks (subcellular structure/processes)
87.17.-d	Cellular structure and processes
87.17.Aa	Theory and modeling of cellular structure and processes; computer simulation
87.17.Ee	Growth and division (cellular structure/processes)
87.17.Jj	Cell locomotion; chemotaxis and directed motion
87.17.Nn	Electrophysiology of nerve cells
87.18.-h	Multicellular phenomena
87.18.Bb	Computer simulation of multicellular phenomena
87.18.Ed	Aggregation and other collective behavior of motile cells
87.18.Hf	Spatiotemporal pattern formation in cellular populations
87.18.La	Morphogenesis (multicellular phenomena)
87.18.Pj	Chemical waves (multicellular phenomena)
87.18.Sn	Neural networks (multicellular phenomena)
87.19.-j	Properties of higher organisms
87.19.Bb	Sensory perceptions of higher organisms
87.19.Dd	Information processing in vision and hearing
87.19.Ff	Muscles
87.19.Hh	Cardiac dynamics
87.19.Jj	Circadian rhythms (higher organisms)
87.19.La	Neuroscience (higher organisms)
87.19.Nn	Electrophysiology (higher organisms)
87.19.Pp	Biothermics (higher organisms)
87.19.Rr	Mechanical properties of tissues and organs (higher organisms)
87.19.St	Movement and locomotion (higher organisms)
87.19.Tt	Rheology of body fluids
87.19.Uv	Haemodynamics, pneumodynamics
87.19.Xx	Diseases
87.23.-n	Ecology and evolution
87.23.Cc	Population dynamics and ecological pattern formation
87.23.Ge	Dynamics of social systems
87.23.Kg	Dynamics of evolution
87.50.-a	Effects of radiation and external fields on biomolecules, cells and higher organisms
87.50.Gi	Ionizing radiation effects on biomolecules, cells and higher organisms including ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma-rays, ions, electrons, positrons, neutrons, and mesons, etc
87.50.Hj	Optical radiation effects on biomolecules, cells and higher organisms including near ultraviolet, visible, and infrared
87.50.Jk	Radiofrequency and microwave radiation effects on biomolecules, cells and higher organisms including power lines
87.50.Kk	Sound and ultrasound effects on biomolecules, cells and higher organisms
87.50.Mn	Magnetic field effects on biomolecules, cells and higher organisms
87.50.Rr	Electric field effects on biomolecules, cells and higher organisms
87.52.-g	Radiation monitoring, control, and safety in medical physics
87.52.Df	Low LET: therapeutic and diagnostic X-rays and electrons (radiation monitoring)
87.52.Ga	Low LET: associated neutron shielding and measurement (radiation monitoring in medical physics)
87.52.Ln	High LET (radiation monitoring in medical physics)
87.52.Px	Risk/benefit analysis (radiation monitoring in medical physics)
87.52.Tr	Regulatory issues (radiation monitoring in medical physics)
87.53.-j	Ionizing-radiation therapy physics
87.53.Bn	Photon dosimetry: theory and algorithms (ionizing-radiation therapy)
87.53.Dq	Photon dosimetry: measurements (ionizing-radiation therapy)
87.53.Fs	Electron and positron dosimetry: theory and algorithms (ionizing-radiation therapy)
87.53.Hv	Electron and positron dosimetry: measurements (ionizing-radiation therapy)
87.53.Jw	Brachytherapy
87.53.Kn	Conformal radiation treatment (ionizing radiation therapy)
87.53.Ly	Stereotactic radiosurgery
87.53.Mr	Beam intensity modification: wedges, compensators (ionizing radiation therapy)
87.53.Na	Radioimmunotherapy
87.53.Oq	Portal imaging in ionizing radiation therapy
87.53.Pb	Proton, neutron, and heavier particle dosimetry: theory and algorithms (ionizing-radiation therapy)
87.53.Qc	Proton, neutron, and heavier particle dosimetry: measurements (ionizing-radiation therapy)
87.53.Rd	Microdosimetry (ionizing-radiation therapy)
87.53.St	Record and verify systems and applications (ionizing radiation therapy)
87.53.Tf	Treatment planning, optimization, tissue response factors, and dose-volume analysis (ionizing-radiation therapy)
87.53.Uv	Collimation (ionizing radiation therapy)
87.53.Vb	Simulation (ionizing radiation therapy)
87.53.Wz	Monte Carlo applications (ionizing radiation therapy)
87.53.Xd	Quality assurance in radiotherapy
87.54.-n	Non-ionizing radiation therapy physics
87.54.Br	Thermotherapy (hyperthermia and cryogenic therapy)
87.54.Dt	Electrotherapy
87.54.Fj	Photodynamic therapy
87.54.Hk	Sound and ultrasound therapy/lithotripsy
87.56.-v	Radiation therapy equipment
87.56.By	Radiation therapy generators
87.56.Da	Ancillary radiation therapy equipment
87.56.Fc	Quality assurance radiation therapy equipment
87.57.-s	Medical imaging: general
87.57.Ce	Medical image quality: contrast, resolution, noise, etc
87.57.Gg	Medical image reconstruction and registration
87.57.Nk	Medical image analysis
87.57.Ra	Computer-aided diagnosis in medicine
87.58.-b	Nuclear medicine imaging, dosimetry, labeling, metabolic studies
87.58.Ce	Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) (nuclear medicine)
87.58.Fg	Positron emission tomography (PET) (nuclear medicine)
87.58.Ji	Radiopharmaceuticals
87.58.Mj	Digital imaging (nuclear medicine)
87.58.Pm	Scintillation cameras (nuclear medicine)
87.58.Sp	Dosimetry (nuclear medicine imaging)
87.58.Vr	Quantitative measurements and scanning (nuclear medicine)
87.58.Xs	Bone densitometry
87.59.-e	Medical X-ray imaging
87.59.Bh	X-ray radiography (medical imaging)
87.59.Ci	Fluoroscopy (medical imaging)
87.59.Dj	Angiography
87.59.Ek	Mammography
87.59.Fm	Computed tomography (CT) (medical imaging)
87.59.Hp	Digital radiography (medical imaging)
87.59.Jq	Medical transmission imaging
87.59.Ls	Bone densitometry
87.61.-c	Medical magnetic resonance imaging
87.61.Cd	Pulse sequences for medical MRI
87.61.Ff	Instrumentation for medical MRI
87.61.Lh	Angiography and macroscopic flow estimation (medical MRI)
87.61.Pk	Clinical MRI studies
87.62.+n	Medical imaging equipment
87.63.-d	Medical non-ionizing radiation equipment and techniques
87.63.Df	Ultrasonography (medical imaging)
87.63.Hg	Thermography (medical imaging)
87.63.Lk	Visible radiation: diaphanography, transillumination, laser imaging in medicine
87.63.Pn	Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) (medical imaging)
87.64.-t	Spectroscopic and microscopic techniques in biophysics and medical physics
87.64.Aa	Computer simulation (spectroscopic/microscopic techniques in biophysics/medical physics)
87.64.Bx	Electron, neutron and X-ray diffraction and scattering in biophysics and medical physics
87.64.Cc	Scattering of visible, uv, and infrared radiation (spectroscopic/microscopic techniques in biophysics/medical physics)
87.64.Dz	Scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopy in biophysics and medical physics
87.64.Ee	Electron microscopy in biophysics and medical physics
87.64.Fb	EXAFS spectroscopy in biophysics and medical physics
87.64.Gb	X-ray spectroscopy in biophysics and medical physics
87.64.Hd	EPR and NMR spectroscopy in biophysics and medical physics
87.64.Je	Infrared and Raman spectroscopy in biophysics and medical physics
87.64.Lg	Electron and photoelectron spectroscopy in biophysics and medical physics
87.64.Ni	Optical absorption, magnetic circular dichroism, and fluorescence spectroscopy in biophysics and medical physics
87.64.Pj	Mössbauer spectroscopy in biophysics and medical physics
87.64.Rr	Light microscopy in biophysics and medical physics: bright-field, dark-field, phase contrast, DIC
87.64.Tt	Confocal microscopy in biophysics and medical physics
87.64.Vv	Multiphoton microscopy in biophysics and medical physics
87.64.Xx	Near-field scanning optical microscopy in biophysics and medical physics
87.65.+y	Aerospace bio- and medical physics (effects of accelerations, weightlessness, and space environment)
87.66.-a	Radiation measurement in medical physics
87.66.Cd	Films: silver bromide based, radiochromic, etc. (radiation measurement in medical physics)
87.66.Ff	Chemical dosimetry in medical physics
87.66.Jj	Ionization dosimetry in medical physics
87.66.Na	Calorimetric dosimetry in medical physics
87.66.Pm	Solid state detectors (radiation measurement in medical physics)
87.66.Sq	Thermoluminescence, bioluminescence, etc. (radiation measurement in medical physics)
87.66.Uv	Magnetic resonance (radiation measurement in medical physics)
87.66.Xa	Phantoms (radiation measurement in medical physics)
87.68.+z	Biomaterials and biological interfaces
87.80.-y	Biological techniques and instrumentation; biomedical engineering
87.80.Cc	Optical trapping (biological techniques/biomedical engineering)
87.80.Fe	Micromanipulators (biological techniques/biomedical engineering)
87.80.Jg	Patch clamping (biological techniques/biomedical engineering)
87.80.Mj	Micromachining (biological techniques/biomedical engineering)
87.80.Pa	Morphometry and stereology (biological techniques/biomedical engineering)
87.80.Rb	Tissue and cellular engineering and biotechnology
87.80.Tq	Biological signal processing and instrumentation
87.80.Vt	Dynamical, regulatory, and integrative biology
87.80.Xa	Neural engineering (biological techniques/biomedical engineering)
87.83.+a	Biomedical applications of nanotechnology
87.90.+y	Other topics in biological and medical physics (restricted to new topics in section 87)
89.	Other areas of applied and interdisciplinary physics
89.20.-a	Interdisciplinary applications of physics
89.20.Bb	Industrial and technological research and development
89.20.Dd	Military technology and weapons systems including arms control
89.20.Ff	Computer science and technology
89.20.Hh	World Wide Web, Internet
89.20.Kk	Engineering
89.30.-g	Energy resources
89.30.Aa	Fossil fuels
89.30.Cc	Solar power
89.30.Ee	Hydroelectric, hydrothermal, geothermal and wind power
89.30.Gg	Nuclear fission power (energy resources)
89.30.Jj	Nuclear fusion power (energy resources)
89.40.-a	Transportation
89.40.Bb	Land transportation
89.40.Cc	Water transportation
89.40.Dd	Air transporation
89.60.-k	Environmental studies
89.60.Ec	Environmental safety
89.60.Fe	Environmental regulations
89.60.Gg	Impact of natural and man-made disasters
89.65.-s	Social and economic systems
89.65.Cd	Demographic studies
89.65.Ef	Social organizations; anthropology
89.65.Gh	Economics; econophysics, financial markets, business and management
89.65.Lm	Urban planning and construction
89.70.+c	Information theory and communication theory
89.75.-k	Complex systems
89.75.Da	Systems obeying scaling laws
89.75.Fb	Structures and organization in complex systems
89.75.Hc	Networks and genealogical trees
89.75.Kd	Patterns
89.90.+n	Other topics in areas of applied and interdisciplinary physics (restricted to new topics in section 89)