90. GEOPHYSICS, ASTRONOMY, AND ASTROPHYSICS
91. Solid Earth physics
91.10.-v Geodesy and gravity
91.10.By Mathematical geodesy; general theory
91.10.Da Cartography
91.10.Fc Space geodetic surveys of the Earth
91.10.Jf Topography; geometric observations of the Earth
91.10.Kg Crustal movements of the Earth
91.10.Lh Photogrammetry (geodesy)
91.10.Nj Rotational variations of the Earth; polar wobble
91.10.Pp Gravimetric measurements and instruments
91.10.Qm Harmonics of the gravity potential field
91.10.Rn Rheology of Earth's lithosphere and mantle
91.10.Sp Satellite orbits
91.10.Tq Earth tides
91.10.Vr Ocean/Earth/atmosphere interaction
91.10.Ws Reference systems for the Earth
91.25.-r Geomagnetism and paleomagnetism; geoelectricity
91.25.Cw Origins and models of the Earth's magnetic field; dynamo theories
91.25.Dx Archeomagnetism
91.25.Ey Interactions between exterior sources and interior properties
91.25.Ga Spatial geomagnetic variations: all harmonics and anomalies
91.25.Jc Spatial geomagnetic variations attributed to sea floor spreading
91.25.Le Geomagnetic time variations: diurnal to secular
91.25.Mf Geomagnetic reversals
91.25.Ng Paleomagnetism
91.25.Ph Magnetostratigraphy
91.25.Qi Geoelectricity; electromagnetic induction and conductivity (magnetotelluric effects)
91.30.-f Seismology
91.30.Bi Seismic sources (mechanisms, magnitude, moment frequency spectrum)
91.30.Dk Seismicity: space and time distribution
91.30.Fn Seismic surface and body waves
91.30.Ks Free oscillations of the Earth (periods less than 12 hours)
91.30.Mv Seismic strong motions and shock waves
91.30.Nw Tsunami
91.30.Px Phenomena related to earthquake prediction
91.30.Rz Explosion seismology
91.30.Tb Volcano seismology
91.30.Vc Continental crust seismology
91.30.Ye Oceanic crust seismology
91.35.-x Earth's interior structure and properties
91.35.Cb Models of the Earth's interior structure
91.35.Dc Earth's heat flow; geothermy
91.35.Ed Structure of the Earth's interior below the upper mantle
91.35.Gf Structure of the Earth's crust and upper mantle
91.35.Lj Composition of Earth's interior
91.35.Nm Geochronology
91.35.Pn Tomography of the Earth's interior
91.40.-k Volcanology
91.40.Bp Volcanic ash deposits
91.40.Dr Atmospheric effects of volcanoes
91.40.Ft Volcanic eruptions
91.40.Hw Lava
91.45.-c Physics of plate tectonics
91.45.Cg Continental margins
91.45.Dh Plate tectonics
91.45.Ei Neotectonics
91.45.Fj Convection currents in plate tectonics
91.45.Pt Slow vertical crustal movements (including isostasy and postglacial phenomena)
91.45.Qv Tomography of plate tectonics
91.45.Sx Relations of gravity observations to tectonics and isostasy
91.45.Ty Folds and Folding in tectonics
91.45.Vz Fractures and faults in tectonics
91.45.Yb Pluton emplacement
91.50.-r Marine geology and geophysics
91.50.Cw Beach, coastal, and shelf processes
91.50.Ey Ocean bottom processes
91.50.Ga Bathymetry and noncoastal underwater morphology
91.50.Jc Turbidity currents, sedimentation
91.60.-x Physical properties of rocks and minerals
91.60.Ba Elasticity, fracture, and flow of rocks/minerals
91.60.Dc Creep and deformation of rocks/minerals
91.60.Ed Crystal structure and defects of rocks/minerals
91.60.Fe Equations of state of rocks/minerals
91.60.Gf High-pressure behavior of rocks/minerals
91.60.Hg Phase changes of rocks/minerals
91.60.Ki Thermal properties of rocks/minerals
91.60.Lj Acoustic properties of rocks/minerals
91.60.Mk Optical properties of rocks/minerals
91.60.Pn Magnetic and electric properties of rocks/minerals; environmental magnetism
91.65.-n Geophysical aspects of geology, mineralogy, and petrology
91.65.Br Geochemical cycles
91.65.Dt Isotopic composition/chemistry
91.65.Fw Low-temperature geochemistry
91.65.Hy Organic geochemistry
91.65.Nd Geochemical trace elements
91.65.Rg Mineral occurrences and deposits
91.65.Ti Sedimentary petrology
91.65.Vj Geochemical major element composition
91.70.-c Information related to geologic time
91.70.Bf Cenozoic
91.70.Dh Mesozoic
91.70.Fj Paleozoic
91.70.Hm Precambrian
91.90.+p Other topics in solid Earth physics (restricted to new topics in section 91)
92. Hydrospheric and atmospheric geophysics
92.10.-c Physics of the oceans
92.10.Bf Physical properties of seawater
92.10.Cg Capillary waves of the oceans
92.10.Dh Dynamics of the deep ocean
92.10.Ei Coriolis effects on the oceans
92.10.Fj Dynamics of the upper ocean
92.10.Gk El Nino
92.10.Hm Surface waves, tides, and sea level
92.10.Jn Seiches
92.10.Kp Sea-air energy exchange processes
92.10.Lq Turbulence and diffusion in the oceans
92.10.Mr Thermohaline structure and circulation in the oceans
92.10.Ns Fine structure and microstructure of the oceans
92.10.Pt Optical properties of sea water
92.10.Rw Sea ice
92.10.Sx Coastal and estuarine oceanography
92.10.Ty Fronts and jets in the oceans
92.10.Vz Underwater sound in the oceans
92.10.Wa Sediment transport in the oceans
92.10.Yb Hydrography in the oceans
92.20.-h Interdisciplinary aspects of oceanography
92.20.Bk Aerosols in oceanography
92.20.Cm Chemistry of the ocean
92.20.Gr Ocean energy extraction
92.20.Hs Anoxic environments in oceanography
92.20.Jt Biological aspects of oceanography
92.20.Kv Photochemistry in oceanography
92.20.Lw Photosynthesis in oceanography
92.20.Mx Physicochemical properties of oceans
92.20.Ny Marine pollution
92.20.Pz Bacteria in oceans
92.20.Rb Plankton in oceans
92.20.Td Radioactivity in oceans
92.40.-t Hydrology and glaciology
92.40.Cy Hydrological modeling; general theory
92.40.Ea Precipitation (hydrological)
92.40.Fb Rivers, runoff, and streamflow
92.40.Gc Erosion and sedimentation (hydrological)
92.40.Je Evaporation (hydrological)
92.40.Kf Groundwater
92.40.Lg Soil moisture
92.40.Ni Limnology
92.40.Qk Water quality and water resources
92.40.Rm Snow
92.40.Sn Ice
92.40.Vq Glaciers
92.60.-e Meteorology
92.60.Bh General atmospheric circulation
92.60.Dj Gravity waves, tides, and compressional waves in meteorology
92.60.Ek Convection, turbulence, and diffusion in meteorology
92.60.Fm Boundary layer structure and processes in meteorology
92.60.Gn Winds and their effects
92.60.Hp Chemical composition and chemical interactions in meteorology
92.60.Jq Water in the atmosphere (humidity, clouds, evaporation, precipitation)
92.60.Ls Ionic interactions and processes in meteorology
92.60.Mt Particles and aerosols in meteorology
92.60.Nv Cloud physics; stratus and cumulus clouds
92.60.Pw Atmospheric electricity
92.60.Qx Storms
92.60.Ry Climatology
92.60.Sz Air quality and air pollution
92.60.Ta Interaction of atmosphere with electromagnetic waves; propagation
92.60.Vb Solar radiation in meteorology
92.60.Wc Weather analysis and prediction
92.70.-j Global change
92.70.Cp Atmosphere (global changes)
92.70.Er Biogeochemical processes (global changes)
92.70.Gt Climate dynamics (global changes)
92.70.Jw Oceans (global changes)
92.70.Ly Water cycles (global changes)
92.90.+x Other topics in hydrospheric and atmospheric geophysics (restricted to new topics in section 92)
93. Geophysical observations, instrumentation, and techniques
93.30.-w Information related to geographical regions
93.30.Bz Africa
93.30.Ca Antarctica
93.30.Db Asia
93.30.Fd Australia
93.30.Ge Europe
93.30.Hf North America
93.30.Jg South America
93.30.Kh Large islands (e.g., Greenland)
93.30.Li Arctic Ocean
93.30.Mj Atlantic Ocean
93.30.Nk Indian Ocean
93.30.Pm Pacific Ocean
93.30.Qn Southern Ocean
93.30.Rp Regional seas
93.30.Sq Polar regions
93.30.Tr Temperate regions
93.30.Vs Tropical regions
93.55.+z International organizations, national and international programs in geophysics
93.65.+e Data acquisition and storage for geophysics
93.85.+q Instrumentation and techniques for geophysical research
94. Aeronomy and magnetospheric physics
94.10.-s Physics of the neutral atmosphere
94.10.Bw General properties of the high atmosphere
94.10.Dy Atmospheric structure, pressure, density, and temperature (stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere)
94.10.Fa Atmospheric composition (atomic or molecular), chemical reactions and processes
94.10.Gb Absorption and scattering of radiation in the neutral atmosphere
94.10.Jd Tides, waves, and winds in the neutral atmosphere
94.10.Lf Convection, diffusion, mixing, turbulence, and fallout in the neutral atmosphere
94.10.Nh Cosmic dust in the neutral atmosphere
94.10.Rk Aurora and airglow in the neutral atmosphere
94.20.-y Physics of the ionosphere
94.20.Bb Wave propagation in the ionosphere
94.20.Dd Ionospheric structure (D, E, F, and topside regions) including steady-state ion densities and temperatures
94.20.Ee D region
94.20.Gg E region
94.20.Ji F region
94.20.Kj Polar cap ionosphere
94.20.Lk Topside region
94.20.Mm Plasmasphere
94.20.Pp Plasmapause
94.20.Qq Particle precipitation in the ionosphere
94.20.Rr Interactions between waves and particles in the ionosphere
94.20.Ss Electric fields in the ionosphere
94.20.Tt Ionospheric soundings
94.20.Vv Ionospheric disturbances and modifications
94.20.Ww Plasma motion, convection, or circulation in the ionosphere
94.20.Yx Interaction between ionosphere and magnetosphere
94.30.-d Physics of the magnetosphere
94.30.Bg Magnetic coordinate systems of the magnetosphere
94.30.Ch Magnetospheric configuration
94.30.Di Magnetopause
94.30.Ej Magnetic tail
94.30.Fk Plasma motion, convection, or circulation in the magnetosphere
94.30.Gm Plasma instabilities in the magnetosphere
94.30.Hn Trapped particles in the magnetosphere
94.30.Jp Ring currents in the magnetosphere
94.30.Kq Electric fields in the magnetosphere
94.30.Lr Magnetic storms, substorms in the magnetosphere
94.30.Ms Magnetic pulsations in the magnetosphere
94.30.Tz Waves: propagation and excitation in the magnetosphere
94.30.Va Magnetosheath; interaction with interplanetary space (including solar wind)
94.80.+g Instrumentation for aeronomy and magnetospheric studies
94.90.+m Other topics in aeronomy and magnetospheric physics (restricted to new topics in section 94)
95. Fundamental astronomy and astrophysics; instrumentation, techniques, and astronomical observations
95.10.-a Fundamental astronomy
95.10.Ce Celestial mechanics (including n-body problems)
95.10.Eg Orbit determination and improvement
95.10.Fh Chaotic dynamics in astronomy
95.10.Gi Eclipses, transits, and occultations
95.10.Jk Astrometry and reference systems
95.10.Km Ephemerides, almanacs, and calendars
95.30.-k Fundamental aspects of astrophysics
95.30.Cq Astrophysical elementary particle processes
95.30.Dr Astrophysical atomic processes and interactions
95.30.Ft Astrophysical molecular and chemical processes and interactions
95.30.Gv Astrophysical radiation mechanisms; polarization
95.30.Jx Astrophysical radiative transfer; scattering
95.30.Ky Astrophysical atomic and molecular data, spectra, and spectral parameters (opacities, rotation constants, line identification, oscillator strengths, gf values, transition probabilities, etc.)
95.30.Lz Astrophysical hydrodynamics
95.30.Qd Astrophysical magnetohydrodynamics and plasmas
95.30.Sf Relativity and gravitation in astrophysics
95.30.Tg Thermodynamic processes, conduction, convection, equations of state in astrophysics
95.30.Wi Astrophysical dust processes (condensation, evaporation, sputtering, mantle growth, etc.)
95.35.+d Dark matter (stellar, interstellar, galactic, and cosmological)
95.40.+s Artificial Earth satellites
95.45.+i Observatories and site testing
95.55.-n Astronomical and space-research instrumentation
95.55.Aq Charge-coupled devices, image detectors, and IR detector arrays for astronomy
95.55.Br Astrometric and interferometric instruments
95.55.Cs Ground-based ultraviolet, optical and infrared telescopes
95.55.Ev Solar instruments
95.55.Fw Space-based ultraviolet, optical, and infrared telescopes
95.55.Jz Radio telescopes and instrumentation; heterodyne receivers
95.55.Ka X- and gamma-ray telescopes and instrumentation
95.55.Pe Lunar, planetary, and deep-space probes
95.55.Qf Photometric, polarimetric, and spectroscopic instrumentation for astronomy
95.55.Rg Photoconductors and bolometers for astronomy
95.55.Sh Auxiliary and recording instruments for astronomy; clocks and frequency standards
95.55.Vj Neutrino, muon, pion, and other elementary particle detectors; cosmic ray detectors
95.55.Ym Gravitational radiation detectors; mass spectrometers; and other instrumentation and techniques
95.75.-z Astronomical observation and data reduction techniques; computer modeling and simulation
95.75.De Astronomical photography and photometry including microlensing techniques
95.75.Fg Astronomical spectroscopy and spectrophotometry
95.75.Hi Astronomical polarimetry
95.75.Kk Astronomical interferometry
95.75.Mn Astronomical image processing including source extraction
95.75.Pq Astronomical mathematical procedures and computer techniques
95.75.Qr Astronomical adaptive and segmented optics
95.75.Rs Astronomical remote observing techniques
95.75.Tv Astronomical digitization techniques
95.75.Wx Astronomical time series analysis, time variability
95.80.+p Astronomical catalogues, atlases, sky surveys, databases, retrieval systems, archives, etc
95.85.-e Astronomical observations
95.85.Bh Radio, microwave, and submillimeter astronomical observations
95.85.Fm Submillimeter astronomical observations (300 mum-1 mm)
95.85.Gn Far infrared astronomical observations (10-300 mum)
95.85.Hp Infrared astronomical observations (3-10 mum)
95.85.Jq Near infrared astronomical observations (0.75-3 mum)
95.85.Kr Visible astronomical observations (390-750 nm)
95.85.Ls Near ultraviolet astronomical observations (300-390 nm)
95.85.Mt Ultraviolet astronomical observations (10-300 nm)
95.85.Nv X-ray astronomical observations
95.85.Pw gamma-ray astronomical observations
95.85.Ry Neutrino, muon, pion, and other elementary particle astronomical observations; cosmic rays
95.85.Sz Gravitational radiation, magnetic fields, and other astronomical observations
95.90.+v Historical astronomy and archaeoastronomy; and other topics in fundamental astronomy and astrophysics; instrumentation, techniques, and astronomical observations
96. Solar System
96.10.+i General, solar nebula, and cosmogony
96.20.-n Moon
96.20.Br Lunar origin, formation, and age
96.20.Dt Lunar features, landmarks, mineralogy, petrology, and atmosphere
96.20.Jz Lunar gravitational field, selenodesy, magnetic fields
96.20.Ka Lunar cratering
96.30.-t Planets, their satellites and rings; asteroids
96.30.Dz Mercury
96.30.Ea Venus
96.30.Gc Mars
96.30.Kf Jupiter
96.30.Mh Saturn
96.30.Pj Uranus
96.30.Rm Neptune
96.30.Sn Pluto
96.30.Wr Planetary rings
96.30.Ys Asteroids (minor planets)
96.35.-j Planetary, asteroid, cometary, and satellite characteristics and properties
96.35.Cp Planetary origin, formation, evolution, and ages
96.35.Er Planetary chemical composition
96.35.Fs Planetary mass, size; gravitational fields; rotation; orbits
96.35.Gt Planetary surface features, cratering, and topography
96.35.Hv Planetary neutral atmospheres
96.35.Kx Planetary ionospheres; magnetospheres
96.35.Mz Planetary interiors
96.35.Na Planetary volcanism and tectonics
96.35.Pb Planetary electric and magnetic fields
96.35.Se Interplanetary comparisons
96.40.-z Cosmic rays
96.40.Cd Cosmic ray interplanetary propagation and effects
96.40.De Cosmic ray composition, energy spectra, and interactions
96.40.Fg Energetic solar cosmic ray particles and photons
96.40.Kk Solar cosmic ray modulation and geophysical effects
96.40.Pq Extensive air showers
96.40.Tv Cosmic ray neutrinos and muons
96.40.Vw Cosmic-ray effects in meteorites and terrestrial matter
96.50.-e Interplanetary space
96.50.Bh Solar and interplanetary electric and magnetic fields (including solar wind fields)
96.50.Ci Solar wind plasma
96.50.Dj Interplanetary gas and dust (including gegenschein and zodiacal light)
96.50.Ek Solar wind interactions with planets, satellites, and comets
96.50.Fm Interplanetary shock waves
96.50.Gn Comets
96.50.Hp Oort cloud
96.50.Jq Kuiper belt
96.50.Kr Meteors, meteoroids, and meteor streams
96.50.Mt Meteorites, micrometeorites, and tektites
96.50.Pw Interplanetary particle acceleration
96.50.Qx Interplanetary stream-stream interactions
96.50.Ry Interplanetary waves and discontinuities
96.60.-j Solar physics
96.60.Bn Solar diameter, figure, rotation, mass
96.60.Fs Solar chemical composition
96.60.Hv Solar electric and magnetic fields
96.60.Jw Solar interior
96.60.Ly Solar oscillations and waves; helioseismology
96.60.Mz Solar photosphere, granulation
96.60.Na Solar chromosphere and chromosphere-corona transition; spicules
96.60.Pb Solar corona; coronal loops, streamers, and holes
96.60.Qc Sunspots, faculae, plages
96.60.Rd Solar flares, bursts, and related phenomena
96.60.Se Solar prominences
96.60.Tf Solar electromagnetic radiation
96.60.Vg Solar particle radiation, solar wind, and solar neutrinos
96.60.Wh Solar coronal mass ejection
96.90.+c Other topics on the solar system (restricted to new topics in section 96)
97. Stars
97.10.-q Stellar characteristics and properties
97.10.Bt Star formation
97.10.Cv Stellar structure, interiors, evolution, nucleosynthesis, ages
97.10.Ex Stellar atmospheres (photospheres, chromospheres, coronae, magnetospheres); radiative transfer; opacity and line formation
97.10.Fy Circumstellar shells, clouds, and expanding envelopes; circumstellar masers
97.10.Gz Stellar accretion and accretion disks
97.10.Jb Stellar activity
97.10.Kc Stellar rotation
97.10.Ld Stellar magnetic and electric fields; polarization of starlight
97.10.Me Stellar mass loss and stellar winds
97.10.Nf Stellar masses
97.10.Pg Stellar radii
97.10.Qh Stellar surface features (including starspots)
97.10.Ri Stellar luminosities; magnitudes; effective temperatures, colors, and spectral classification
97.10.Sj Stellar pulsations, oscillations, and stellar seismology
97.10.Tk Stellar abundances, chemical composition
97.10.Vm Stellar distances, parallaxes
97.10.Wn Stellar proper motions and radial velocities (line-of-sight velocities); space motions
97.10.Xq Stellar luminosity and mass functions
97.10.Yp Star counts, distribution, and statistics
97.10.Zr Hertzsprung-Russell, color-magnitude, and color-color diagrams of stars
97.20.-w Normal stars (by class): general or individual
97.20.Ec Main-sequence: early-type stars (O and B)
97.20.Ge Main-sequence: intermediate-type stars (A and F)
97.20.Jg Main-sequence: late-type stars (G, K, and M)
97.20.Li Giant and subgiant stars
97.20.Pm Supergiant stars
97.20.Rp Faint blue stars (including blue stragglers), white dwarfs, degenerate stars, nuclei of planetary nebulae
97.20.Tr Population II stars (horizontal branch, metal poor, etc.)
97.20.Vs Low luminosity stars, subdwarfs, and brown dwarfs
97.20.Wt Population III stars
97.21.+a Pre-main sequence objects, young stellar objects (YSOs) and protostars (T Tauri stars, Orion population, Herbig-Haro objects, Bok globules, bipolar outflows, cometary nebulae, etc.)
97.30.-b Variable and peculiar stars (including novae)
97.30.Dg Low-amplitude blue variables (alpha Cygni, beta Cephei, delta Scuti, delta Delphini, delta Canis Majoris, SX Phoenicis, etc.)
97.30.Eh Emission-line stars (Of, Be, Luminous Blue Variables, Wolf-Rayet, etc.
97.30.Fi Chemically peculiar stars (Ap, Am, etc.)
97.30.Gj Cepheids (delta Cephei, W Virginis)
97.30.Hk Carbon stars, S stars, and related types (C, S, R, and N)
97.30.Jm Long-period variables (Miras) and semiregulars
97.30.Kn RR Lyrae stars; RV Tauri and PV Telescopii variables
97.30.Nr Flare stars (UV Ceti, RS Canum Venaticorum, FU Orionis, R Coronae Borealis variables, etc.)
97.30.Qt Novae, dwarf novae, recurrent novae, and other cataclysmic (eruptive) variables
97.30.Sw Unusual and peculiar variable stars
97.60.-s Late stages of stellar evolution (including black holes)
97.60.Bw Supernovae
97.60.Gb Pulsars
97.60.Jd Neutron stars
97.60.Lf Black holes
97.80.-d Binary and multiple stars
97.80.Af Astrometric and interferometric binaries
97.80.Di Visual binaries
97.80.Fk Spectroscopic binaries; close binaries
97.80.Gm Cataclysmic binaries (novae, dwarf novae, recurrent novae, and nova-like objects); symbiotic stars
97.80.Hn Eclipsing binaries
97.80.Jp X-ray binaries
97.80.Kq Multiple stars
97.82.-j Extrasolar planetary systems
97.82.Cp Extrasolar planetary system photometric and spectroscopic detection; coronographic detection; interferometric detection
97.82.Fs Substellar companions; planets
97.82.Jw Extrasolar planetary system infrared excess; debris disks; protoplanetary disks; exo-zodiacal dust
97.90.+j Other topics on stars (restricted to new topics in section 97)
98. Stellar systems; interstellar medium; galactic and extragalactic objects and systems; the Universe
98.10.+z Stellar dynamics and kinematics
98.20.-d Stellar clusters and associations
98.20.Af Associations of stars (OB, T, R) in the Milky Way
98.20.Bg Associations of stars (OB, T, R) in external galaxies
98.20.Di Open clusters in the Milky Way
98.20.Fk Open clusters in external galaxies
98.20.Gm Globular clusters in the Milky Way
98.20.Jp Globular clusters in external galaxies
98.35.-a Characteristics and properties of the Milky Way galaxy
98.35.Ac Milky Way galaxy origin, formation, evolution, age, and star formation
98.35.Bd Milky Way galaxy chemical composition and chemical evolution
98.35.Ce Milky Way galaxy mass and mass distribution
98.35.Df Milky Way galaxy kinematics, dynamics, and rotation
98.35.Eg Milky Way galaxy electric and magnetic fields
98.35.Gi Milky Way galaxy halo
98.35.Hj Milky Way galaxy spiral arms and Galactic disk
98.35.Jk Milky Way galaxy center, bar, circumnuclear matter, and bulge including black hole and distance measurements
98.35.Ln Milky Way stellar content and populations; morphology and overall structure
98.35.Mp Milky Way galaxy infall and accretion
98.35.Nq Milky Way galaxy winds and fountains
98.35.Pr Solar neighborhood
98.38.-j Interstellar medium (ISM) and nebulae in Milky Way galaxy
98.38.Am Milky Way galaxy physical properties (abundances, electron density, magnetic fields, scintillation, scattering, kinematics, dynamics, turbulence, etc.)
98.38.Bn Milky Way galaxy atomic, molecular, and chemical, and grain processes
98.38.Cp Milky Way galaxy interstellar dust grains; diffuse emission; infrared cirrus
98.38.Dq Milky Way galaxy molecular clouds, H2clouds, dense clouds, and dark clouds
98.38.Er Milky Way galaxy interstellar masers
98.38.Fs Milky Way galaxy jets, outflows, and bipolar flows
98.38.Gt Milky Way galaxy H I regions and 21-cm lines; diffuse, translucent, and high-velocity clouds
98.38.Hv Milky Way galaxy H II regions; emission and reflection nebulae
98.38.Jw Milky Way galaxy infrared emission
98.38.Kx Milky Way galaxy intercloud medium (ICM); hot and highly ionized gas; bubbles
98.38.Ly Milky Way galaxy planetary nebulae
98.38.Mz Milky Way galaxy supernova remnants
98.52.-b Normal galaxies; extragalactic objects and systems (by type)
98.52.Cf Classification of galaxies and classification systems
98.52.Eh Elliptical galaxies
98.52.Lp Lenticular (S0) galaxies
98.52.Nr Spiral galaxies
98.52.Sw Irregular and morphologically peculiar galaxies
98.52.Wz Dwarf galaxies (elliptical, irregular, and spheroidal)
98.54.-h Quasars; active or peculiar galaxies, objects, and systems
98.54.Aj Quasars
98.54.Cm Active and peculiar galaxies (including BL Lacertae objects, blazars, Seyfert galaxies, Markarian galaxies, and active galactic nuclei)
98.54.Ep Starburst galaxies and infrared excess galaxies
98.54.Gr Radio galaxies
98.54.Kt Protogalaxies; primordial galaxies
98.56.-p Local Group; Magellanic Clouds
98.56.Ew Elliptical galaxies in Local Group
98.56.Ne Spiral galaxies (M31 and M33) in Local Group
98.56.Si Magellanic Clouds and other irregular galaxies in Local Group
98.56.Tj Magellanic stream
98.56.Wm Dwarf galaxies (elliptical, irregular, and spheroidal) in Local Group
98.58.-w Interstellar medium (ISM) and nebulae in external galaxies
98.58.Ay Physical properties (abundances, electron density, magnetic fields, scintillation, scattering, kinematics, dynamics, turbulence, etc.) of ISM/nebulae in external galaxies
98.58.Bz Atomic, molecular, chemical, and grain processes in ISM/nebulae in external galaxies
98.58.Ca Interstellar dust grains; diffuse emission; infrared cirrus in external galaxies
98.58.Db Molecular clouds, H2 clouds, dense clouds, and dark clouds in external galaxies
98.58.Ec Interstellar masers in external galaxies
98.58.Fd Jets, outflows and bipolar flows in external galaxies
98.58.Ge H I regions and 21-cm lines; diffuse, translucent, and high-velocity clouds in external galaxies
98.58.Hf H II regions; emission and reflection nebulae in external galaxies
98.58.Jg Infrared emission in external galaxies
98.58.Kh Intercloud medium (ICM); hot and highly ionized gas; bubbles in external galaxies
98.58.Li Planetary nebulae in external galaxies
98.58.Mj Supernova remnants in external galaxies
98.58.Nk Tidal tails; H I shells in external galaxies
98.62.-g Characteristics and properties of external galaxies and extragalactic objects
98.62.Ai Galactic origin, formation, evolution, age, and star formation
98.62.Bj Galactic chemical composition and chemical evolution
98.62.Ck Galactic masses and mass distribution
98.62.Dm Galactic kinematics, dynamics, and rotation
98.62.En Galactic electric and magnetic fields
98.62.Gq Galactic halos
98.62.Hr Galactic spiral arms and bars; galactic disks
98.62.Js Galactic nuclei (including black holes), circumnuclear matter, and bulges
98.62.Lv Galactic stellar content and populations; radii; morphology and overall structure
98.62.Mw Galactic infall, accretion, and accretion disks
98.62.Nx Galactic jets and bursts; galactic winds and fountains
98.62.Py Distances, redshifts, radial velocities; spatial distribution of galaxies
98.62.Qz Galactic magnitudes and colors; luminosities
98.62.Ra Intergalactic matter; quasar absorption and emission-line systems; Lyman forest
98.62.Sb Gravitational lenses and luminous arcs
98.62.Tc Astrometry of galaxies; identification
98.62.Ve Galactic statistical and correlative studies of properties including luminosity and mass functions; mass-to-light ratio; Tully-Fisher relation, etc
98.65.-r Galaxy groups, clusters, and superclusters; large scale structure of the Universe
98.65.At Interacting galaxies; galaxy pairs, and triples
98.65.Bv Small and compact galaxy groups
98.65.Cw Galaxy clusters
98.65.Dx Superclusters; large-scale structure of the Universe (including voids, pancakes, great wall, etc.)
98.65.Fz Galaxy mergers, collisions, and tidal interactions
98.65.Hb Intracluster matter; cooling flows (galaxy clusters)
98.70.-f Unidentified sources of radiation outside the Solar System
98.70.Dk Cosmic radio sources
98.70.Lt Cosmic IR sources
98.70.Qy Cosmic X-ray sources; X-ray bursts
98.70.Rz Cosmic gamma-ray sources; gamma-ray bursts
98.70.Sa Cosmic rays including sources, origin, acceleration, and interactions
98.70.Vc Cosmic background radiations
98.80.-k Cosmology
98.80.Bp Origin and formation of the Universe
98.80.Cq Particle-theory and field-theory models of the early Universe (including cosmic pancakes, cosmic strings, chaotic phenomena, inflationary universe, etc.)
98.80.Es Observational cosmology including Hubble constant, distance scale, cosmological constant, early Universe, etc
98.80.Ft Mathematical and relativistic aspects of cosmology; quantum cosmology
98.80.Jk Mathematical and relativistic aspects of cosmology
98.80.Qc Quantum cosmology
98.90.+s Other topics on stellar systems; interstellar medium; Galactic and extragalactic objects and systems; the Universe (restricted to new topics in section 98)
99.10.-x Errata and other corrections
99.10.Cd Errata
99.10.Fg Publisher's note
99.10.Jk Corrected article