| 00. |
GENERAL |
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| 01. |
Communication, education, history, and philosophy |
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| 01.10.-m |
Announcements, news, and organizational activities |
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| 01.10.Cr |
Announcements, news, and awards |
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| 01.10.Fv |
Conferences, lectures, and institutes |
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| 01.10.Hx |
Physics organizational activities |
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| 01.20.+x |
Communication forms and techniques (written, oral, electronic, etc.) |
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| 01.30.-y |
Physics literature and publications |
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| 01.30.Bb |
Publications of lectures (advanced institutes, summer schools, etc.) |
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| 01.30.Cc |
Conference proceedings |
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| 01.30.Ee |
Monographs and collections |
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| 01.30.Kj |
Handbooks, dictionaries, tables, and data compilations |
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| 01.30.L- |
Physics laboratory manuals |
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| 01.30.la |
Secondary schools |
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| 01.30.lb |
Undergraduate schools |
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| 01.30.M- |
Textbooks |
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| 01.30.mm |
Textbooks for graduates and researchers |
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| 01.30.mp |
Textbooks for undergraduates |
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| 01.30.mr |
Textbooks for students in grades 9-12 |
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| 01.30.mt |
Textbooks for students in grades K-8 |
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| 01.30.Os |
Books of general interest to physics teachers |
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| 01.30.Rr |
Surveys and tutorial papers; resource letters |
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| 01.30.Tt |
Bibliographies |
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| 01.30.Vv |
Book reviews |
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| 01.30.Ww |
Editorials |
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| 01.30.Xx |
Publications in electronic media (for the topic of electronic publishing, see 01.20.+x) |
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| 01.40.-d |
Education |
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| 01.40.Di |
Course design and evaluation |
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| 01.40.E- |
Science in school |
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| 01.40.eg |
Elementary school |
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| 01.40.ek |
Secondary school |
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| 01.40.Fk |
Research in physics education |
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| 01.40.G- |
Curricula and evaluation |
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| 01.40.gb |
Teaching methods and strategies |
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| 01.40.gf |
Theory of testing and techniques |
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| 01.40.Ha |
Learning theory and science teaching |
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| 01.40.J- |
Teacher training |
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| 01.40.jc |
Preservice training |
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| 01.40.jh |
Inservice training |
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| 01.50.-i |
Educational aids |
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| 01.50.F- |
Audio and visual aids |
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| 01.50.fd |
Audio devices |
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| 01.50.ff |
Films; electronic video devices |
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| 01.50.fh |
Posters, cartoons, art, etc. |
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| 01.50.H- |
Computers in education |
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| 01.50.ht |
Instructional computer use |
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| 01.50.hv |
Computer software and software reviews |
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| 01.50.Kw |
Techniques of testing |
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| 01.50.Lc |
Laboratory computer use (see also 01.50.Pa) |
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| 01.50.My |
Demonstration experiments and apparatus |
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| 01.50.Pa |
Laboratory experiments and apparatus (see also 01.50.Lc) |
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| 01.50.Qb |
Laboratory course design, organization, and evaluation |
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| 01.50.Rt |
Physics tournaments and contests |
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| 01.50.Wg |
Physics of toys |
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| 01.50.Zv |
Errors in physics classroom materials |
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| 01.52.+r |
National and international laboratory facilities |
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| 01.55.+b |
General physics |
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| 01.60.+q |
Biographies, tributes, personal notes, and obituaries |
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| 01.65.+g |
History of science |
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| 01.70.+w |
Philosophy of science |
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| 01.75.+m |
Science and society (for science and government, see 01.78.+p; for social issues regarding wind energy, see 88.50.Xy; for social issues regarding biomass energy, see 88.20.Y-) |
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| 01.78.+p |
Science and government (funding, politics, etc.) (see also 88.05.Jk Policy issues; resource assessment)
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| 01.80.+b |
Physics of games and sports |
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| 01.85.+f |
Careers in physics and science |
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| 01.90.+g |
Other topics of general interest (restricted to new topics in section 01) |
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| 02. |
Mathematical methods in physics |
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| 02.10.-v |
Logic, set theory, and algebra |
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| 02.10.Ab |
Logic and set theory |
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| 02.10.De |
Algebraic structures and number theory |
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| 02.10.Hh |
Rings and algebras |
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| 02.10.Kn |
Knot theory |
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| 02.10.Ox |
Combinatorics; graph theory |
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| 02.10.Ud |
Linear algebra |
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| 02.10.Xm |
Multilinear algebra |
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| 02.10.Yn |
Matrix theory |
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| 02.20.-a |
Group theory (for algebraic methods in quantum mechanics, see 03.65.Fd; for symmetries in elementary particle physics, see 11.30.-j) |
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| 02.20.Bb |
General structures of groups |
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| 02.20.Hj |
Classical groups |
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| 02.20.Qs |
General properties, structure, and representation of Lie groups |
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| 02.20.Rt |
Discrete subgroups of Lie groups |
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| 02.20.Sv |
Lie algebras of Lie groups |
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| 02.20.Tw |
Infinite-dimensional Lie groups |
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| 02.20.Uw |
Quantum groups |
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| 02.30.-f |
Function theory, analysis |
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| 02.30.Cj |
Measure and integration |
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| 02.30.Em |
Potential theory |
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| 02.30.Fn |
Several complex variables and analytic spaces |
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| 02.30.Gp |
Special functions |
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| 02.30.Hq |
Ordinary differential equations |
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| 02.30.Ik |
Integrable systems |
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| 02.30.Jr |
Partial differential equations |
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| 02.30.Ks |
Delay and functional equations |
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| 02.30.Lt |
Sequences, series, and summability |
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| 02.30.Mv |
Approximations and expansions |
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| 02.30.Nw |
Fourier analysis |
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| 02.30.Oz |
Bifurcation theory (see also 47.20.Ky in fluid dynamics) |
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| 02.30.Px |
Abstract harmonic analysis |
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| 02.30.Rz |
Integral equations |
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| 02.30.Sa |
Functional analysis |
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| 02.30.Tb |
Operator theory |
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| 02.30.Uu |
Integral transforms |
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| 02.30.Vv |
Operational calculus |
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| 02.30.Xx |
Calculus of variations |
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| 02.30.Yy |
Control theory |
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| 02.30.Zz |
Inverse problems |
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| 02.40.-k |
Geometry, differential geometry, and topology (see also section 04 Relativity and gravitation) |
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| 02.40.Dr |
Euclidean and projective geometries |
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| 02.40.Ft |
Convex sets and geometric inequalities |
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| 02.40.Gh |
Noncommutative geometry |
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| 02.40.Hw |
Classical differential geometry |
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| 02.40.Ky |
Riemannian geometries |
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| 02.40.Ma |
Global differential geometry |
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| 02.40.Pc |
General topology |
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| 02.40.Re |
Algebraic topology |
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| 02.40.Sf |
Manifolds and cell complexes |
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| 02.40.Tt |
Complex manifolds |
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| 02.40.Vh |
Global analysis and analysis on manifolds |
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| 02.40.Xx |
Singularity theory (see also 05.45.-a Nonlinear dynamics and chaos) |
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| 02.40.Yy |
Geometric mechanics (see also 45.20.Jj in formalisms in classical mechanics) |
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| 02.50.-r |
Probability theory, stochastic processes, and statistics (see also section 05 Statistical physics, thermodynamics, and nonlinear dynamical systems) |
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| 02.50.Cw |
Probability theory |
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| 02.50.Ey |
Stochastic processes |
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| 02.50.Fz |
Stochastic analysis |
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| 02.50.Ga |
Markov processes |
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| 02.50.Le |
Decision theory and game theory |
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| 02.50.Ng |
Distribution theory and Monte Carlo studies |
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| 02.50.Sk |
Multivariate analysis |
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| 02.50.Tt |
Inference methods |
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| 02.60.-x |
Numerical approximation and analysis |
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| 02.60.Cb |
Numerical simulation; solution of equations |
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| 02.60.Dc |
Numerical linear algebra |
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| 02.60.Ed |
Interpolation; curve fitting |
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| 02.60.Gf |
Algorithms for functional approximation |
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| 02.60.Jh |
Numerical differentiation and integration |
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| 02.60.Lj |
Ordinary and partial differential equations; boundary value problems |
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| 02.60.Nm |
Integral and integrodifferential equations |
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| 02.60.Pn |
Numerical optimization |
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| 02.70.-c |
Computational techniques; simulations (for quantum computation, see 03.67.Lx; for computational techniques extensively used in subdivisions of physics, see the appropriate section; for example, see 47.11.-j Computational methods in fluid dynamics) |
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| 02.70.Bf |
Finite-difference methods |
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| 02.70.Dh |
Finite-element and Galerkin methods |
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| 02.70.Hm |
Spectral methods |
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| 02.70.Jn |
Collocation methods |
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| 02.70.Ns |
Molecular dynamics and particle methods |
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| 02.70.Pt |
Boundary-integral methods |
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| 02.70.Rr |
General statistical methods |
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| 02.70.Ss |
Quantum Monte Carlo methods |
| |
| 02.70.Tt |
Justifications or modifications of Monte Carlo methods |
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| 02.70.Uu |
Applications of Monte Carlo methods (see also 02.50.Ng in probability theory, stochastic processes, and statistics, and 05.10.Ln in statistical physics) |
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| 02.70.Wz |
Symbolic computation (computer algebra) |
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| 02.90.+p |
Other topics in mathematical methods in physics (restricted to new topics in section 02) |
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| 03. |
Quantum mechanics, field theories, and special relativity (see also section 11 General theory of fields and particles) |
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| 03.30.+p |
Special relativity |
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| 03.50.-z |
Classical field theories |
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| 03.50.De |
Classical electromagnetism, Maxwell equations (for applied classical electromagnetism, see 41.20.-q) |
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| 03.50.Kk |
Other special classical field theories |
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| 03.65.-w |
Quantum mechanics [see also 03.67.-a Quantum information; 05.30.-d Quantum statistical mechanics; 31.30.J- Relativistic and quantum electrodynamics (QED) effects in atoms, molecules, and ions in atomic physics] |
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| 03.65.Aa |
Quantum systems with finite Hilbert space |
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| 03.65.Ca |
Formalism |
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| 03.65.Db |
Functional analytical methods |
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| 03.65.Fd |
Algebraic methods (see also 02.20.-a Group theory) |
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| 03.65.Ge |
Solutions of wave equations: bound states |
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| 03.65.Nk |
Scattering theory |
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| 03.65.Pm |
Relativistic wave equations |
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| 03.65.Sq |
Semiclassical theories and applications |
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| 03.65.Ta |
Foundations of quantum mechanics; measurement theory (for optical tests of quantum theory, see 42.50.Xa) |
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| 03.65.Ud |
Entanglement and quantum nonlocality (e.g. EPR paradox, Bell's inequalities, GHZ states, etc.) (for entanglement production and manipulation, see 03.67.Bg; for entanglement measures, witnesses etc., see 03.67.Mn; for entanglement in Bose-Einstein condensates, see 03.75.Gg) |
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| 03.65.Vf |
Phases: geometric; dynamic or topological |
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| 03.65.Wj |
State reconstruction, quantum tomography |
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| 03.65.Xp |
Tunneling, traversal time, quantum Zeno dynamics |
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| 03.65.Yz |
Decoherence; open systems; quantum statistical methods (see also 03.67.Pp in quantum information; for decoherence in Bose-Einstein condensates, see 03.75.Gg) |
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| 03.67.-a |
Quantum information (see also 42.50.Dv Quantum state engineering and measurements; 42.50.Ex Optical implementations of quantum information processing and transfer in quantum optics) |
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| 03.67.Ac |
Quantum algorithms, protocols, and simulations |
| |
| 03.67.Bg |
Entanglement production and manipulation (for entanglement in Bose-Einstein condensates, see 03.75.Gg) |
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| 03.67.Dd |
Quantum cryptography and communication security |
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| 03.67.Hk |
Quantum communication |
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| 03.67.Lx |
Quantum computation architectures and implementations |
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| 03.67.Mn |
Entanglement measures, witnesses, and other characterizations (see also 03.65.Ud Entanglement and quantum nonlocality; 42.50.Dv Quantum state engineering and measurements in quantum optics) |
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| 03.67.Pp |
Quantum error correction and other methods for protection against decoherence (see also 03.65.Yz Decoherence; open systems; quantum statistical methods; for decoherence in Bose-Einstein condensates, see 03.75.Gg) |
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| 03.70.+k |
Theory of quantized fields (see also 11.10.-z Field theory) |
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| 03.75.-b |
Matter waves (for atom interferometry, see 37.25.+k; see also 67.85.-d ultracold gases, trapped gases in quantum fluids and solids) |
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| 03.75.Be |
Atom and neutron optics |
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| 03.75.Dg |
Atom and neutron interferometry |
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| 03.75.Gg |
Entanglement and decoherence in Bose-Einstein condensates |
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| 03.75.Hh |
Static properties of condensates; thermodynamical, statistical, and structural properties |
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| 03.75.Kk |
Dynamic properties of condensates; collective and hydrodynamic excitations, superfluid flow |
| |
| 03.75.Lm |
Tunneling, Josephson effect, Bose-Einstein condensates in periodic potentials, solitons, vortices, and topological excitations (see also 74.50.+r Tunneling phenomena; Josephson effects in superconductivity) |
| |
| 03.75.Mn |
Multicomponent condensates; spinor condensates |
| |
| 03.75.Nt |
Other Bose-Einstein condensation phenomena |
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| 03.75.Pp |
Atom lasers |
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| 03.75.Ss |
Degenerate Fermi gases |
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| 04. |
General relativity and gravitation (for astrophysical aspects, see 95.30.Sf Relativity and gravitation; for relativistic aspects of cosmology, see 98.80.Jk; for special relativity, see 03.30.+p) |
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| 04.20.-q |
Classical general relativity (see also 02.40.-k Geometry, differential geometry, and topology) |
| |
| 04.20.Cv |
Fundamental problems and general formalism |
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| 04.20.Dw |
Singularities and cosmic censorship |
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| 04.20.Ex |
Initial value problem, existence and uniqueness of solutions |
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| 04.20.Fy |
Canonical formalism, Lagrangians, and variational principles |
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| 04.20.Gz |
Spacetime topology, causal structure, spinor structure |
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| 04.20.Ha |
Asymptotic structure |
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| 04.20.Jb |
Exact solutions |
| |
| 04.25.-g |
Approximation methods; equations of motion |
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| 04.25.D- |
Numerical relativity |
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| 04.25.dc |
Numerical studies of critical behavior, singularities, and cosmic censorship |
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| 04.25.dg |
Numerical studies of black holes and black-hole binaries |
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| 04.25.dk |
Numerical studies of other relativistic binaries (see also 97.80.-d Binary and multiple stars in astronomy) |
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| 04.25.Nx |
Post-Newtonian approximation; perturbation theory; related approximations |
| |
| 04.30.-w |
Gravitational waves (see also 04.80.Nn Gravitational wave detectors and experiments) |
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| 04.30.Db |
Wave generation and sources |
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| 04.30.Nk |
Wave propagation and interactions |
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| 04.30.Tv |
Gravitational-wave astrophysics (see also 95.85.Sz Gravitational radiation, magnetic fields, and other observations in astronomy) |
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| 04.40.-b |
Self-gravitating systems; continuous media and classical fields in curved spacetime |
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| 04.40.Dg |
Relativistic stars: structure, stability, and oscillations (see also 97.60.-s Late stages of stellar evolution) |
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| 04.40.Nr |
Einstein-Maxwell spacetimes, spacetimes with fluids, radiation or classical fields |
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| 04.50.-h |
Higher-dimensional gravity and other theories of gravity (see also 11.25.Mj Compactification and four-dimensional models, 11.25.Uv D branes) |
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| 04.50.Cd |
Kaluza-Klein theories |
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| 04.50.Gh |
Higher-dimensional black holes, black strings, and related objects |
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| 04.50.Kd |
Modified theories of gravity |
| |
| 04.60.-m |
Quantum gravity (see also 11.25.-w Strings and branes; 11.15.Wx Topologically massive gauge theories, and 11.15.Yc Chern-Simons gauge theory)
|
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| 04.60.Bc |
Phenomenology of quantum gravity |
| |
| 04.60.Cf |
Gravitational aspects of string theory |
| |
| 04.60.Ds |
Canonical quantization |
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| 04.60.Gw |
Covariant and sum-over-histories quantization |
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| 04.60.Kz |
Lower dimensional models; minisuperspace models |
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| 04.60.Nc |
Lattice and discrete methods |
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| 04.60.Pp |
Loop quantum gravity, quantum geometry, spin foams |
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| 04.60.Rt |
Topologically massive gravity (see also 11.15.Wx Topologically massive gauge theories, and 11.15.Yc Chern-Simons gauge theory) |
| |
| 04.62.+v |
Quantum fields in curved spacetime |
| |
| 04.65.+e |
Supergravity (see also 12.60.Jv Supersymmetric models; 11.15.Wx Topologically massive gauge theories, and 11.15.Yc Chern-Simons gauge theory)
|
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| 04.70.-s |
Physics of black holes (see also 97.60.Lf—in astronomy) |
| |
| 04.70.Bw |
Classical black holes |
| |
| 04.70.Dy |
Quantum aspects of black holes, evaporation, thermodynamics |
| |
| 04.80.-y |
Experimental studies of gravity |
| |
| 04.80.Cc |
Experimental tests of gravitational theories |
| |
| 04.80.Nn |
Gravitational wave detectors and experiments (see also 95.55.Ym Gravitational radiation detectors; mass spectrometers; and other instrumentation and techniques) |
| |
| 04.90.+e |
Other topics in general relativity and gravitation (restricted to new topics in section 04) |
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| 05. |
Statistical physics, thermodynamics, and nonlinear dynamical systems (see also 02.50.-r Probability theory, stochastic processes, and statistics) |
| |
| 05.10.-a |
Computational methods in statistical physics and nonlinear dynamics (see also 02.70.-c in mathematical methods in physics) |
| |
| 05.10.Cc |
Renormalization group methods |
| |
| 05.10.Gg |
Stochastic analysis methods (Fokker-Planck, Langevin, etc.) |
| |
| 05.10.Ln |
Monte Carlo methods (see also 02.70.Tt, Uu in mathematical methods in physics; for Monte Carlo methods extensively used in subdivisions of physics, see the appropriate section; for example, see 52.65.Pp in plasma simulation) |
| |
| 05.20.-y |
Classical statistical mechanics |
| |
| 05.20.Dd |
Kinetic theory (see also 51.10.+y Kinetic and transport theory of gases) |
| |
| 05.20.Gg |
Classical ensemble theory |
| |
| 05.20.Jj |
Statistical mechanics of classical fluids (see also 47.10.-g General theory in fluid dynamics) |
| |
| 05.30.-d |
Quantum statistical mechanics (for quantum fluids aspects, see 67.10.Fj) |
| |
| 05.30.Ch |
Quantum ensemble theory |
| |
| 05.30.Fk |
Fermion systems and electron gas (see also 71.10.-w Theories and models of many-electron systems; see also 67.10.Db Fermion degeneracy in quantum fluids) |
| |
| 05.30.Jp |
Boson systems (for static and dynamic properties of Bose-Einstein condensates, see 03.75.Hh and 03.75.Kk; see also 67.10.Ba Boson degeneracy in quantum fluids) |
| |
| 05.30.Pr |
Fractional statistics systems (anyons, etc.) |
| |
| 05.30.Rt |
Quantum phase transitions (see also 64.70.Tg Quantum phase transitions in specific phase transitions; and 73.43.Nq Quantum phase transitions in Quantum Hall effects)
|
| |
| 05.40.-a |
Fluctuation phenomena, random processes, noise, and Brownian motion (for fluctuations in superconductivity, see 74.40.-n; for statistical theory and fluctuations in nuclear reactions, see 24.60.-k; for fluctuations in plasma, see 52.25.Gj; for nonlinear dynamics and chaos, see 05.45.-a) |
| |
| 05.40.Ca |
Noise |
| |
| 05.40.Fb |
Random walks and Levy flights |
| |
| 05.40.Jc |
Brownian motion |
| |
| 05.45.-a |
Nonlinear dynamics and chaos (see also section 45 Classical mechanics of discrete systems; for chaos in fluid dynamics, see 47.52.+j; for chaos in superconductivity, see 74.40.De) |
| |
| 05.45.Ac |
Low-dimensional chaos |
| |
| 05.45.Df |
Fractals (see also 47.53.+n Fractals in fluid dynamics; 61.43.Hv Fractals; macroscopic aggregates in structure of solids) |
| |
| 05.45.Gg |
Control of chaos, applications of chaos |
| |
| 05.45.Jn |
High-dimensional chaos |
| |
| 05.45.Mt |
Quantum chaos; semiclassical methods |
| |
| 05.45.Pq |
Numerical simulations of chaotic systems |
| |
| 05.45.Ra |
Coupled map lattices |
| |
| 05.45.Tp |
Time series analysis |
| |
| 05.45.Vx |
Communication using chaos |
| |
| 05.45.Xt |
Synchronization; coupled oscillators |
| |
| 05.45.Yv |
Solitons (see 52.35.Sb for solitons in plasma; for solitons in acoustics, see 43.25.Rq—in Acoustics Appendix; see 42.50.Md, 42.65.Tg, 42.81.Dp for solitons in optics; see also 03.75.Lm in matter waves; for solitons in space plasma physics, see 94.05.Fg; for solitary waves in fluid dynamics, see 47.35.Fg) |
| |
| 05.50.+q |
Lattice theory and statistics (Ising, Potts, etc.) (see also 64.60.Cn Order-disorder transformations, and 75.10.Hk Classical spin models) |
| |
| 05.60.-k |
Transport processes |
| |
| 05.60.Cd |
Classical transport |
| |
| 05.60.Gg |
Quantum transport |
| |
| 05.65.+b |
Self-organized systems (see also 45.70.-n in classical mechanics of discrete systems) |
| |
| 05.70.-a |
Thermodynamics (see also section 64 Equations of state, phase equilibria, and phase transitions, and section 65 Thermal properties of condensed matter; for chemical thermodynamics, see 82.60.-s; for thermodynamics of plasmas, see 52.25.Kn; for thermodynamic properties of quantum fluids, see 67.25.bd, and 67.30.ef; for thermodynamics of nanoparticles, see 82.60.Qr, and 65.80.-g; for thermodynamic processes in astrophysics, see 95.30.Tg; for thermodynamics in volcanology, see 91.40.Pc) |
| |
| 05.70.Ce |
Thermodynamic functions and equations of state (see also 51.30.+i Thermodynamic properties, equations of state in physics of gases; for equations of state of specific substances, see 64.30.-t; for equations of state of nuclear matter, and of neutron-star matter, see 21.65.Mn and 26.60.Kp, respectively; see also 95.30.Tg in astronomy; for thermodynamic properties of superconductors, see 74.25.Bt) |
| |
| 05.70.Fh |
Phase transitions: general studies (see also 05.30.Rt Quantum phase transitions in quantum statistical mechanics; 64.70.Tg Quantum phase transitions in specific phase transitions; 73.43.Nq Quantum phase transitions in quantum Hall effects; for superconductivity phase diagrams, see 74.25.Dw; for magnetic phase boundaries, see 75.30.Kz; for ferroelectric phase transitions, see 77.80.B-) |
| |
| 05.70.Jk |
Critical point phenomena (for quantum critical phenomena in superconductivity, see 74.40.Kb) |
| |
| 05.70.Ln |
Nonequilibrium and irreversible thermodynamics (see also 82.40.Bj Oscillations, chaos, and bifurcations in physical chemistry and chemical physics) |
| |
| 05.70.Np |
Interface and surface thermodynamics (see also 68.35.Md Surface thermodynamics, surface energies in surfaces and interfaces) |
| |
| 05.90.+m |
Other topics in statistical physics, thermodynamics, and nonlinear dynamical systems (restricted to new topics in section 05) |
| |
| 06. |
Metrology, measurements, and laboratory procedures (for laser applications in metrology, see 42.62.Eh) |
| |
| 06.20.-f |
Metrology |
| |
| 06.20.Dk |
Measurement and error theory |
| |
| 06.20.F- |
Units and standards |
| |
| 06.20.fa |
Units |
| |
| 06.20.fb |
Standards and calibration |
| |
| 06.20.Jr |
Determination of fundamental constants |
| |
| 06.30.-k |
Measurements common to several branches of physics and astronomy |
| |
| 06.30.Bp |
Spatial dimensions (e.g., position, lengths, volume, angles, and displacements) |
| |
| 06.30.Dr |
Mass and density |
| |
| 06.30.Ft |
Time and frequency |
| |
| 06.30.Gv |
Velocity, acceleration, and rotation |
| |
| 06.30.Ka |
Basic electromagnetic quantities (see also 84.37.+q Measurements in electric variables) |
| |
| 06.60.-c |
Laboratory procedures |
| |
| 06.60.Ei |
Sample preparation (including design of sample holders) |
| |
| 06.60.Jn |
High-speed techniques (microsecond to femtosecond) |
| |
| 06.60.Mr |
Testing and inspecting procedures |
| |
| 06.60.Sx |
Positioning and alignment; manipulating, remote handling |
| |
| 06.60.Vz |
Workshop procedures (welding, machining, lubrication, bearings, etc.) |
| |
| 06.60.Wa |
Laboratory safety procedures (for national and international laboratory facilities, see 01.52.+r) |
| |
| 06.90.+v |
Other topics in metrology, measurements, and laboratory procedures (restricted to new topics in section 06) |
| |
| 07. |
Instruments, apparatus, and components common to several branches of physics and astronomy (see also each subdiscipline for specialized instrumentation and techniques) |
| |
| 07.05.-t |
Computers in experimental physics (for computers in education, see 01.50.H-, and 01.50.Lc; for quantum computation architectures, see 03.67.Lx; for optical computers, see 42.79.Ta; for computational and simulation techniques, see 02.70.-c in mathematical methods) |
| |
| 07.05.Bx |
Computer systems: hardware, operating systems, computer languages, and utilities |
| |
| 07.05.Dz |
Control systems |
| |
| 07.05.Fb |
Design of experiments |
| |
| 07.05.Hd |
Data acquisition: hardware and software |
| |
| 07.05.Kf |
Data analysis: algorithms and implementation; data management (for data analysis in nuclear physics, see 29.85.-c) |
| |
| 07.05.Mh |
Neural networks, fuzzy logic, artificial intelligence |
| |
| 07.05.Pj |
Image processing (see also 42.30.Va in optics; 87.57.-s Medical imaging in biological and medical physics; 95.75.Tv Digitization techniques in astronomy) |
| |
| 07.05.Rm |
Data presentation and visualization: algorithms and implementation |
| |
| 07.05.Tp |
Computer modeling and simulation |
| |
| 07.05.Wr |
Computer interfaces (for nuclear physics applications, see 29.50.+v) |
| |
| 07.07.-a |
General equipment |
| |
| 07.07.Df |
Sensors (chemical, optical, electrical, movement, gas, etc.); remote sensing |
| |
| 07.07.Hj |
Display and recording equipment, oscilloscopes, TV cameras, etc. |
| |
| 07.07.Mp |
Transducers |
| |
| 07.07.Tw |
Servo and control equipment; robots |
| |
| 07.07.Vx |
Hygrometers; hygrometry |
| |
| 07.10.-h |
Mechanical instruments and equipment |
| |
| 07.10.Cm |
Micromechanical devices and systems [for micro- and nano-electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS), see 85.85.+j in electronic and magnetic devices; see also 81.07.Oj Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) in nanoscale materials and structures; see also 87.80.Ek Mechanical and micromechanical techniques; 87.85.Ox Biomedical instrumentation and transducers including micro-electro-mechanical systems in biological and medical physics] |
| |
| 07.10.Fq |
Vibration isolation |
| |
| 07.10.Lw |
Balance systems, tensile machines, etc. |
| |
| 07.10.Pz |
Instruments for strain, force, and torque |
| |
| 07.20.-n |
Thermal instruments and apparatus |
| |
| 07.20.Dt |
Thermometers |
| |
| 07.20.Fw |
Calorimeters (for calorimeters as radiation detectors, see 29.40.Vj) |
| |
| 07.20.Hy |
Furnaces; heaters |
| |
| 07.20.Ka |
High-temperature instrumentation; pyrometers |
| |
| 07.20.Mc |
Cryogenics; refrigerators, low-temperature detectors, and other low-temperature equipment |
| |
| 07.20.Pe |
Heat engines; heat pumps; heat pipes |
| |
| 07.30.-t |
Vacuum apparatus |
| |
| 07.30.Bx |
Degasification, residual gas |
| |
| 07.30.Cy |
Vacuum pumps |
| |
| 07.30.Dz |
Vacuum gauges |
| |
| 07.30.Hd |
Vacuum testing methods; leak detectors |
| |
| 07.30.Kf |
Vacuum chambers, auxiliary apparatus, and materials |
| |
| 07.35.+k |
High-pressure apparatus; shock tubes; diamond anvil cells |
| |
| 07.50.-e |
Electrical and electronic instruments and components |
| |
| 07.50.Ek |
Circuits and circuit components (see also 84.30.-r Electronic circuits and 84.32.-y Passive circuit components) |
| |
| 07.50.Hp |
Electrical noise and shielding equipment |
| |
| 07.50.Ls |
Electrometers |
| |
| 07.50.Qx |
Signal processing electronics (see also 84.40.Ua in radiowave and microwave technology; 87.85.Ng Biological signal processing in biomedical engineering) |
| |
| 07.55.-w |
Magnetic instruments and components |
| |
| 07.55.Db |
Generation of magnetic fields; magnets (for superconducting magnets, see 84.71.Ba; for beam focusing magnets, see 41.85.Lc in beam optics) |
| |
| 07.55.Ge |
Magnetometers for magnetic field measurements |
| |
| 07.55.Jg |
Magnetometers for susceptibility, magnetic moment, and magnetization measurements |
| |
| 07.55.Nk |
Magnetic shielding in instruments |
| |
| 07.57.-c |
Infrared, submillimeter wave, microwave and radiowave instruments and equipment (for infrared and radio telescopes, see 95.55.Cs, 95.55.Fw, and 95.55.Jz in astronomy; for biophysical spectroscopic applications, see 87.64.-t) |
| |
| 07.57.Hm |
Infrared, submillimeter wave, microwave, and radiowave sources (see also 42.72.Ai Infrared sources in optics) |
| |
| 07.57.Kp |
Bolometers; infrared, submillimeter wave, microwave, and radiowave receivers and detectors (see also 85.60.Gz Photodetectors in electronic and magnetic devices, and 95.55.Rg Photoconductors and bolometers in astronomy) |
| |
| 07.57.Pt |
Submillimeter wave, microwave and radiowave spectrometers; magnetic resonance spectrometers, auxiliary equipment, and techniques |
| |
| 07.57.Ty |
Infrared spectrometers, auxiliary equipment, and techniques |
| |
| 07.60.-j |
Optical instruments and equipment (see also 87.64.M- Optical microscopy in biological and medical physics; for optical sources, see 42.72.-g; see also 42.79.-e Optical elements, devices and systems; for optoelectronic devices, see 85.60.-q; for optical telescopes, see 95.55.Cs; for photometric, polarimetric, and spectroscopic equipment in astronomy, see 95.55.Qf) |
| |
| 07.60.Dq |
Photometers, radiometers, and colorimeters |
| |
| 07.60.Fs |
Polarimeters and ellipsometers |
| |
| 07.60.Hv |
Refractometers and reflectometers |
| |
| 07.60.Ly |
Interferometers |
| |
| 07.60.Pb |
Conventional optical microscopes (for near-field scanning optical microscopes, see 07.79.Fc; for x-ray microscopes, see 07.85.Tt) |
| |
| 07.60.Rd |
Visible and ultraviolet spectrometers |
| |
| 07.60.Vg |
Fiber-optic instruments (see also 42.81.-i Fiber optics) |
| |
| 07.64.+z |
Acoustic instruments and equipment (see also 43.58.+z—in acoustics) |
| |
| 07.68.+m |
Photography, photographic instruments; xerography |
| |
| 07.75.+h |
Mass spectrometers (see also 82.80.Ms, 82.80.Nj, and 82.80.Rt in physical chemistry and chemical physics) |
| |
| 07.77.-n |
Atomic, molecular, and charged-particle sources and detectors |
| |
| 07.77.Gx |
Atomic and molecular beam sources and detectors (see also 37.20.+j Atomic and molecular beam sources and techniques, in atomic and molecular physics) |
| |
| 07.77.Ka |
Charged-particle beam sources and detectors (see also 29.40.-n Radiation detectors in nuclear physics) |
| |
| 07.78.+s |
Electron, positron, and ion microscopes; electron diffractometers |
| |
| 07.79.-v |
Scanning probe microscopes and components (see also 68.37.-d Microscopy of surfaces, interfaces, and thin films) |
| |
| 07.79.Cz |
Scanning tunneling microscopes |
| |
| 07.79.Fc |
Near-field scanning optical microscopes |
| |
| 07.79.Lh |
Atomic force microscopes |
| |
| 07.79.Pk |
Magnetic force microscopes |
| |
| 07.79.Sp |
Friction force microscopes |
| |
| 07.81.+a |
Electron and ion spectrometers (see also 29.30.Dn Electron spectroscopy; 29.30.Ep Charged-particle spectroscopy in nuclear physics) |
| |
| 07.85.-m |
X- and γ-ray instruments (for x- and γ-ray telescopes, see 95.55.Ka in astronomy; for x-ray beams and x-ray optics, see 41.50.+h) |
| |
| 07.85.Fv |
X- and γ-ray sources, mirrors, gratings, and detectors |
| |
| 07.85.Jy |
Diffractometers |
| |
| 07.85.Nc |
X-ray and γ-ray spectrometers |
| |
| 07.85.Qe |
Synchrotron radiation instrumentation |
| |
| 07.85.Tt |
X-ray microscopes |
| |
| 07.87.+v |
Spaceborne and space research instruments, apparatus, and components (satellites, space vehicles, etc.) (for instrumentation for space plasma physics, ionosphere, and magnetosphere, see 94.80.+g; see also 95.55.-n and 95.40.+s in astronomy; for materials testing in space, see 81.70.Ha) |
| |
| 07.88.+y |
Instruments for environmental pollution measurements |
| |
| 07.89.+b |
Environmental effects on instruments (e.g., radiation and pollution effects) (for environmental effects on optical elements, devices, and systems, see 42.88.+h) |
| |
| 07.90.+c |
Other topics in instruments, apparatus, and components common to several branches of physics and astronomy (restricted to new topics in section 07) |
| |