| 50. |
PHYSICS OF GASES, PLASMAS, AND ELECTRIC DISCHARGES |
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| 51. |
Physics of gases |
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| 51.10.+y |
Kinetic and transport theory of gases (see also 05.20.Dd Kinetic theory in classical statistical mechanics; see also 47.70.Mc Radiation gas dynamics) |
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| 51.20.+d |
Viscosity, diffusion, and thermal conductivity |
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| 51.30.+i |
Thermodynamic properties, equations of state (see also 05.70.Ce Thermodynamic functions and equations of state in thermodynamics) |
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| 51.35.+a |
Mechanical properties; compressibility |
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| 51.40.+p |
Acoustical properties (see also 43.28.-g Aeroacoustics and atmospheric sound in Acoustics Appendix; for ultrasonic relaxation in gases, see 43.35.Fj—in Acoustics Appendix) |
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| 51.50.+v |
Electrical properties (ionization, breakdown, electron and ion mobility, etc.) (see also 52.80.-s Electric discharges in physics of plasmas) |
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| 51.60.+a |
Magnetic properties |
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| 51.70.+f |
Optical and dielectric properties |
| ... ... ... | Sorption, see 68.43.-h |
| ... ... ... | Gas sensors and detectors, see 07.07.Df |
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| 51.90.+r |
Other topics in the physics of gases (restricted to new topics in section 51) |
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| 52. |
Physics of plasmas and electric discharges (for space plasma physics, see 94.05.-a; for astrophysical plasmas, see 95.30.Qd; for physics of the ionosphere and magnetosphere, see 94.20.-y and 94.30.-d respectively) |
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| 52.20.-j |
Elementary processes in plasmas |
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| 52.20.Dq |
Particle orbits |
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| 52.20.Fs |
Electron collisions |
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| 52.20.Hv |
Atomic, molecular, ion, and heavy-particle collisions |
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| 52.25.-b |
Plasma properties (for chemical reactions in plasma, see 82.33.Xj) |
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| 52.25.Dg |
Plasma kinetic equations |
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| 52.25.Fi |
Transport properties |
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| 52.25.Gj |
Fluctuation and chaos phenomena (for plasma turbulence, see 52.35.Ra; see also 05.45.-a Nonlinear dynamics and chaos) |
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| 52.25.Jm |
Ionization of plasmas |
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| 52.25.Kn |
Thermodynamics of plasmas |
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| 52.25.Mq |
Dielectric properties |
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| 52.25.Os |
Emission, absorption, and scattering of electromagnetic radiation |
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| 52.25.Tx |
Emission, absorption, and scattering of particles |
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| 52.25.Vy |
Impurities in plasmas |
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| 52.25.Xz |
Magnetized plasmas |
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| 52.25.Ya |
Neutrals in plasmas |
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| 52.27.-h |
Basic studies of specific kinds of plasmas |
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| 52.27.Aj |
Single-component, electron-positive-ion plasmas |
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| 52.27.Cm |
Multicomponent and negative-ion plasmas |
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| 52.27.Ep |
Electron-positron plasmas |
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| 52.27.Gr |
Strongly-coupled plasmas |
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| 52.27.Jt |
Nonneutral plasmas |
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| 52.27.Lw |
Dusty or complex plasmas; plasma crystals |
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| 52.27.Ny |
Relativistic plasmas |
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| 52.30.-q |
Plasma dynamics and flow |
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| 52.30.Cv |
Magnetohydrodynamics (including electron magnetohydrodynamics) (see also 47.65.-d Magnetohydrodynamics and electrohydrodynamics in fluid dynamics; for MHD generators, see 52.75.Fk; see also 95.30.Qd Magnetohydrodynamics and plasmas in astrophysics) |
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| 52.30.Ex |
Two-fluid and multi-fluid plasmas |
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| 52.30.Gz |
Gyrokinetics |
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| 52.35.-g |
Waves, oscillations, and instabilities in plasmas and intense beams (see also 94.20.wf Plasma waves and instabilities in physics of the ionosphere; 94.30.cq MHD waves, plasma waves, and instabilities in physics of the magnetosphere; 96.50.Tf MHD waves, plasma waves, turbulence in interplanetary physics) |
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| 52.35.Bj |
Magnetohydrodynamic waves (e.g., Alfven waves) |
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| 52.35.Dm |
Sound waves |
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| 52.35.Fp |
Electrostatic waves and oscillations (e.g., ion-acoustic waves) |
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| 52.35.Hr |
Electromagnetic waves (e.g., electron-cyclotron, Whistler, Bernstein, upper hybrid, lower hybrid) |
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| 52.35.Kt |
Drift waves |
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| 52.35.Lv |
Other linear waves |
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| 52.35.Mw |
Nonlinear phenomena: waves, wave propagation, and other interactions (including parametric effects, mode coupling, ponderomotive effects, etc.) |
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| 52.35.Py |
Macroinstabilities (hydromagnetic, e.g., kink, fire-hose, mirror, ballooning, tearing, trapped-particle, flute, Rayleigh-Taylor, etc.) |
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| 52.35.Qz |
Microinstabilities (ion-acoustic, two-stream, loss-cone, beam-plasma, drift, ion- or electron-cyclotron, etc.) |
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| 52.35.Ra |
Plasma turbulence |
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| 52.35.Sb |
Solitons; BGK modes |
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| 52.35.Tc |
Shock waves and discontinuities |
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| 52.35.Vd |
Magnetic reconnection (see also 94.30.cp in physics of the magnetosphere) |
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| 52.35.We |
Plasma vorticity |
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| 52.38.-r |
Laser-plasma interactions (for plasma production and heating by laser beams, see 52.50.Jm) |
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| 52.38.Bv |
Rayleigh scattering; stimulated Brillouin and Raman scattering |
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| 52.38.Dx |
Laser light absorption in plasmas (collisional, parametric, etc.) |
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| 52.38.Fz |
Laser-induced magnetic fields in plasmas |
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| 52.38.Hb |
Self-focussing, channeling, and filamentation in plasmas |
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| 52.38.Kd |
Laser-plasma acceleration of electrons and ions (see also 41.75.Jv Laser-driven acceleration in electromagnetism; electron and ion optics) |
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| 52.38.Mf |
Laser ablation (see also 79.20.Ds, Laser-beam impact phenomena) |
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| 52.38.Ph |
X-ray, γ-ray, and particle generation |
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| 52.40.-w |
Plasma interactions (nonlaser) |
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| 52.40.Db |
Electromagnetic (nonlaser) radiation interactions with plasma (for electromagnetic wave propagation in the ionosphere and magnetosphere, see 94.20.Bb and 94.30.Tz respectively) |
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| 52.40.Fd |
Plasma interactions with antennas; plasma-filled waveguides |
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| 52.40.Hf |
Plasma-material interactions; boundary layer effects |
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| 52.40.Kh |
Plasma sheaths (see also 94.30.cj Magnetosheath) |
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| 52.40.Mj |
Particle beam interactions in plasmas |
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| 52.50.-b |
Plasma production and heating (see also 52.80.-s Electric discharges) |
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| 52.50.Dg |
Plasma sources |
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| 52.50.Gj |
Plasma heating by particle beams |
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| 52.50.Jm |
Plasma production and heating by laser beams (laser-foil, laser-cluster, etc.) |
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| 52.50.Lp |
Plasma production and heating by shock waves and compression |
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| 52.50.Nr |
Plasma heating by DC fields; ohmic heating, arcs |
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| 52.50.Qt |
Plasma heating by radio-frequency fields; ICR, ICP, helicons |
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| 52.50.Sw |
Plasma heating by microwaves; ECR, LH, collisional heating |
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| 52.55.-s |
Magnetic confinement and equilibrium (see also 28.52.-s Fusion reactors) |
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| 52.55.Dy |
General theory and basic studies of plasma lifetime, particle and heat loss, energy balance, field structure, etc. |
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| 52.55.Ez |
Theta pinch |
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| 52.55.Fa |
Tokamaks, spherical tokamaks |
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| 52.55.Hc |
Stellarators, torsatrons, heliacs, bumpy tori, and other toroidal confinement devices |
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| 52.55.Ip |
Spheromaks |
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| 52.55.Jd |
Magnetic mirrors, gas dynamic traps |
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| 52.55.Lf |
Field-reversed configurations, rotamaks, astrons, ion rings, magnetized target fusion, and cusps |
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| 52.55.Pi |
Fusion products effects (e.g., alpha-particles, etc.), fast particle effects |
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| 52.55.Rk |
Power exhaust; divertors |
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| 52.55.Tn |
Ideal and resistive MHD modes; kinetic modes |
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| 52.55.Wq |
Current drive; helicity injection |
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| 52.57.-z |
Laser inertial confinement |
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| 52.57.Bc |
Target design and fabrication |
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| 52.57.Fg |
Implosion symmetry and hydrodynamic instability (Rayleigh-Taylor, Richtmyer-Meshkov, imprint, etc.) |
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| 52.57.Kk |
Fast ignition of compressed fusion fuels |
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| 52.58.-c |
Other confinement methods |
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| 52.58.Ei |
Light-ion inertial confinement |
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| 52.58.Hm |
Heavy-ion inertial confinement |
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| 52.58.Lq |
Z-pinches, plasma focus, and other pinch devices |
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| 52.58.Qv |
Electrostatic and high-frequency confinement |
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| 52.59.-f |
Intense particle beams and radiation sources (see also 29.25.-t Particle sources and targets, and 29.27.-a Beams in particle accelerators, in instrumentation for elementary-particle and nuclear physics) |
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| 52.59.Bi |
Grid- and ion-diode-accelerated beams |
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| 52.59.Dk |
Magneto-plasma accelerated plasmas |
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| 52.59.Fn |
Multistage accelerated heavy-ion beams |
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| 52.59.Hq |
Dense plasma focus |
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| 52.59.Mv |
High-voltage diodes (for high-current and high-voltage technology, see 84.70.+p) |
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| 52.59.Px |
Hard X-ray sources |
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| 52.59.Qy |
Wire array Z-pinches |
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| 52.59.Rz |
Free-electron devices (for free-electron lasers, see 41.60.Cr) |
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| 52.59.Sa |
Space-charge-dominated beams |
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| 52.59.Tb |
Moderate-intensity beams |
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| 52.59.Wd |
Emittance-dominated beams |
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| 52.59.Ye |
Plasma devices for generation of coherent radiation |
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| 52.65.-y |
Plasma simulation |
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| 52.65.Cc |
Particle orbit and trajectory |
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| 52.65.Ff |
Fokker-Planck and Vlasov equation |
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| 52.65.Kj |
Magnetohydrodynamic and fluid equation |
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| 52.65.Pp |
Monte Carlo methods |
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| 52.65.Rr |
Particle-in-cell method |
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| 52.65.Tt |
Gyrofluid and gyrokinetic simulations |
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| 52.65.Vv |
Perturbative methods |
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| 52.65.Ww |
Hybrid methods |
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| 52.65.Yy |
Molecular dynamics methods |
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| 52.70.-m |
Plasma diagnostic techniques and instrumentation |
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| 52.70.Ds |
Electric and magnetic measurements |
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| 52.70.Gw |
Radio-frequency and microwave measurements |
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| 52.70.Kz |
Optical (ultraviolet, visible, infrared) measurements |
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| 52.70.La |
X-ray and γ-ray measurements |
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| 52.70.Nc |
Particle measurements |
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| 52.72.+v |
Laboratory studies of space- and astrophysical-plasma processes (see also 94.05.Rx in space plasma physics) |
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| 52.75.-d |
Plasma devices (for ion sources, see 29.25.Lg, Ni; for plasma sources, see 52.50.Dg) |
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| 52.75.Di |
Ion and plasma propulsion |
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| 52.75.Fk |
Magnetohydrodynamic generators and thermionic convertors; plasma diodes (see also 84.60.Lw, Ny in direct-energy conversion and storage) |
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| 52.75.Hn |
Plasma torches |
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| 52.75.Kq |
Plasma switches (e.g., spark gaps) |
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| 52.75.Xx |
Thermionic and filament-based sources (e.g., Q machines, double- and triple-plasma devices, etc.) |
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| 52.77.-j |
Plasma applications |
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| 52.77.Bn |
Etching and cleaning (see also 81.65.Cf Surface cleaning, etching, patterning in surface treatments) |
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| 52.77.Dq |
Plasma-based ion implantation and deposition (see also 81.15.Jj Ion and electron beam-assisted deposition) |
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| 52.77.Fv |
High-pressure, high-current plasmas (plasma spray, arc welding, etc.) (see also 81.15.Rs Spray coating techniques) |
| ... ... ... | Chemical synthesis; combustion synthesis, see 81.20.Ka |
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| 52.80.-s |
Electric discharges (see also 51.50.+v Electrical properties of gases; for plasma reactions including flowing afterglow and electric discharges, see 82.33.Xj in physical chemistry and chemical physics) |
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| 52.80.Dy |
Low-field and Townsend discharges |
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| 52.80.Hc |
Glow; corona |
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| 52.80.Mg |
Arcs; sparks; lightning; atmospheric electricity (see also 92.60.Pw Atmospheric electricity, lightning in meteorology) |
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| 52.80.Pi |
High-frequency and RF discharges |
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| 52.80.Qj |
Explosions; exploding wires |
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| 52.80.Sm |
Magnetoactive discharges (e.g., Penning discharges) |
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| 52.80.Tn |
Other gas discharges |
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| 52.80.Vp |
Discharge in vacuum |
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| 52.80.Wq |
Discharge in liquids and solids (for electric breakdown in liquids, see 77.22.Jp) |
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| 52.80.Yr |
Discharges for spectral sources (including inductively coupled plasma) |
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| 52.90.+z |
Other topics in physics of plasmas and electric discharges (restricted to new topics in section 52) |
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