PACS 2010 Regular Edition—Geophysics Appendix

APPENDIX TO PACS 91–94, 96: GEOPHYSICS

91.	Solid Earth physics

91.10.-v	Geodesy and gravity (see also 91.50.Kx Gravity and isostasy—in Marine geology and geophysics; 91.45.gh—in Geophysics Appendix)

91.10.By	Mathematical geodesy; general theory

91.10.Da	Cartography

91.10.Fc	Space and satellite geodesy; applications of global positioning systems

91.10.Jf	Topography; geometric observations

91.10.Kg	Crustal movements and deformation

91.10.Lh	Photogrammetry

91.10.Nj	Rotational variations; polar wobble (see also 92.10.Iv Ocean influence of Earth's rotation)

91.10.Op	Gravity anomalies; time variable gravity

91.10.P-	Geodetic techniques; gravimetric measurements and instruments

91.10.pa	Atmospheric monitoring with geodetic techniques

91.10.pc	Ocean monitoring with geodetic techniques

91.10.Qm	Harmonics of the gravity potential field; geopotential theory and determination
... ... ...	Rheology of lithosphere and mantle, see 91.32.De, 91.32.Gh

91.10.Sp	Satellite orbits

91.10.Tq	Earth tides

91.10.Vr	Ocean/Earth/atmosphere/ hydrosphere/cryosphere interactions; mass balance

91.10.Ws	Reference systems

91.10.Xa	Global change from geodesy

91.25.-r	Geomagnetism and paleomagnetism; geoelectricity (see also 91.50.Iv Marine magnetics and electromagnetics)

91.25.Cw	Origins and models of the magnetic field; dynamo theories

91.25.Dx	Archeomagnetism

91.25.Ey	Interactions between exterior sources and interior properties

91.25.F-	Rock and mineral magnetism (see also 91.60.Pn Magnetic and electrical properties—in Physical properties of rocks and minerals)

91.25.fa	Biogenic magnetic minerals

91.25.fd	Environmental magnetism

91.25.G-	Spatial variations in geomagnetism

91.25.ga	Harmonics and anomalies

91.25.gj	Attributed to seafloor spreading

91.25.L-	Time variations in geomagnetism

91.25.lc	Rapid time variations

91.25.lf	Diurnal to decadal

91.25.lj	Secular and longer

91.25.Mf	Magnetic field reversals: process and timescale

91.25.N-	Paleomagnetism

91.25.nc	Paleointensity

91.25.nf	Applied to tectonics: regional; global

91.25.nj	Applied to geologic processes

91.25.nn	Paleomagnetic secular variation

91.25.Ph	Magnetostratigraphy

91.25.Qi	Geoelectricity, electromagnetic induction, and telluric currents

91.25.Rt	Magnetic anomalies; modeling and interpretations

91.25.St	Magnetic fabrics and anisotropy

91.25.Th	Reference fields: regional; global

91.25.Ux	Remagnetization

91.25.Wb	Geomagnetic induction

91.25.Xg	Geomagnetic excursion

91.25.Za	Core processes

91.30.-f	Seismology

91.30.Ab	Theory and modeling, computational seismology

91.30.Bi	Seismic sources (mechanisms, magnitude, moment frequency spectrum)

91.30.Cd	Body wave propagation

91.30.Dk	Seismicity (see also 91.45.gd—in Geophysics Appendix)

91.30.Fn	Surface waves and free oscillations

91.30.Ga	Subduction zones (see also 91.40.Rs—in Volcanology; 91.45.Hc—in Tectonophysics; 91.50.Wy—in Marine geology and geophysics; 91.67.fc—in Geophysics Appendix)

91.30.Hc	Mid-ocean ridges (see also 91.40.St—in Volcanology; 91.50.Rt—in Marine geology and geophysics; 91.67.ff—in Geophysics Appendix)

91.30.Iv	Transform faults

91.30.Jk	Tomography in seismology (see also 91.35.Pn Tomography of the Earth's interior)

91.30.Mv	Strong motions and shock waves

91.30.Nw	Tsunamis (see also 92.10.hl—in Geophysics Appendix)

91.30.P-	Earthquakes

91.30.pa	Dynamics and mechanics

91.30.pb	Ground motions and engineering seismology

91.30.pc	Magnitudes and parameters

91.30.pd	Hazard assessment, forecasting, and prediction

91.30.Rz	Nuclear explosion seismology

91.30.Tb	Volcano seismology

91.30.Uv	Core and mantle seismology

91.30.Vc	Continental crust seismology

91.30.Wx	Lithosphere seismology (see also 91.45.gf—in Geophysics Appendix)

91.30.Ye	Oceanic crust seismology

91.30.Za	Paleoseismology

91.32.-m	Rheology of the Earth

91.32.Ac	General aspects

91.32.De	Crust and lithosphere

91.32.Gh	Mantle

91.32.Jk	Friction of fault zones

91.35.-x	Earth's interior structure and properties

91.35.Cb	Models of interior structure

91.35.Dc	Heat flow; geothermy (see also 91.50.Ln Heat flow (benthic)—in Marine geology and geophysics; see also 88.10.-g Geothermal energy in renewable energy resources and applications)

91.35.Ed	Structure of the Earth's interior below the upper mantle

91.35.Gf	Structure of the crust and upper mantle

91.35.Lj	Composition and state of the Earth's interior (see also 91.67.gb—in Geophysics Appendix)
... ... ...	Geochronology, see 91.80.+d; and in Geophysics Appendix, see 91.80.-d)

91.35.Pn	Tomography of the Earth's interior (see also 91.30.Jk Tomography in seismology)

91.40.-k	Volcanology (see also 91.30.Tb Volcano seismology)

91.40.Ac	Geochemical modeling

91.40.Bp	Tephrochronology; ash deposits

91.40.Dr	Atmospheric effects (see also 92.60.Mt Particles and aerosols—in Meteorology)

91.40.Ft	Eruption mechanisms

91.40.Ge	Hydrothermal systems (see also 91.67.Jk—in Geochemistry; 92.05.Lf—in oceanography)

91.40.Hw	Lava rheology and morphology

91.40.Jk	Magma migration

91.40.La	Physics and chemistry of magma bodies

91.40.Pc	Thermodynamics in volcanology

91.40.Qa	Reactions and phase equilibria (see also 91.67.De—in Geochemistry)

91.40.Rs	Subduction zone processes (see also 91.30.Ga—in Seismology; 91.45.Hc—in Tectonophysics; 91.50.Wy—in Marine geology; 91.67.fc—in Geophysics Appendix)

91.40.St	Mid-oceanic ridge processes (see also 91.30.Hc—in Seismology; 91.50.Rt—in Marine geology; 91.67.ff—in Geophysics Appendix)

91.40.Ta	Intra-plate processes (see also 91.50.Tb—in Marine geology; 91.67.fh—in Geophysics Appendix)

91.40.Uc	Volcanoclastic deposits

91.40.Vg	Volcanic gases

91.40.Wx	Calderas

91.40.Yt	Remote sensing of volcanoes (see also 93.85.Pq)

91.40.Zz	Volcano monitoring; volcanic hazards and risks
... ... ...	Planetary volcanism, see 96.12.Xy

91.45.-c	Tectonophysics

91.45.Bg	Planetary interiors (see also 96.12.Pc—in Planetology of solid surface planets; 96.15.Nd—in Planetology of fluid planets)

91.45.C-	Continental tectonics

91.45.ca	General aspects

91.45.cc	Orogenic belts

91.45.cf	Continental margins and continental cratons

91.45.ch	Continental neotectonics

91.45.cj	Extensional, tectonics (rift basins)

91.45.cn	Strike-slip tectonics

91.45.D-	Plate tectonics

91.45.dc	Plate boundaries: general aspects

91.45.df	Plate motions: general aspects

91.45.dg	Plate motions: past

91.45.dk	Plate motions: present and recent

91.45.Fj	Convection currents and mantle plumes

91.45.G-	Dynamics and mechanics of tectonics

91.45.gd	Seismotectonics (see also 91.30.Dk Seismicity)

91.45.gf	Lithospheric dynamics; flexure (see also 91.30.Wx Lithosphere seismology; 91.32.De Crust and lithosphere, rheology of)

91.45.gh	Gravity and tectonics

91.45.Hc	Subduction and obduction zone processes (see also 91.30.Ga—in Seismology; 91.40.Rs—in Volcanology)

91.45.Jg	Hot spots, large igneous provinces, and flood basalt volcanism

91.45.Kn	Core processes

91.45.Nc	Evolution of the Earth

91.45.Qv	Tomography of plate tectonics (see also 91.30.Jk—in Seismology)

91.45.Rg	Heat generation and transport
... ... ...	Folds and folding, see 91.55.Hj
... ... ...	Fractures and faults, see 91.55.Jk

91.45.Wa	Volcanic arcs

91.45.X-	Stresses in tectonophysics

91.45.xa	General aspects

91.45.xc	Crust and lithosphere (see also 91.30.Wx Lithosphere seismology)

91.45.xf	Deep-seated stresses
... ... ...	Hydrothermal systems, see 91.40.Ge
... ... ...	Planetary tectonics, see 96.12.Xy
... ... ...	Pluton emplacement, see 91.55.Sn
... ... ...	Rheology of the Earth, see 91.32.-m

91.50.-r	Marine geology and geophysics

91.50.Ac	Back-arc basin processes

91.50.Bd	Continental shelf and slope processes

91.50.Cw	Beach and coastal processes

91.50.Ey	Seafloor morphology, geology, and geophysics (see also 92.10.Oc Benthic boundary layers, ocean bottom processes—in oceanography)

91.50.Ga	Bathymetry, seafloor topology

91.50.Hc	Gas and hydrate systems (see also 92.20.Uv—in oceanography)

91.50.Iv	Marine magnetics and electromagnetics

91.50.Jc	Marine sediments, turbidity currents—processes and transport (see also 91.65.Ti—in petrology; 91.67.Ty—in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn—in oceanography; 92.40.Gc—in hydrology; 91.80.Wx—in Geophysics Appendix)

91.50.Kx	Gravity and isostasy

91.50.Ln	Heat flow (benthic)

91.50.Nc	Littoral processes

91.50.Ps	Marine hydrogeology

91.50.Qr	Micropaleontology

91.50.Rt	Mid-ocean ridge processes (see also 91.30.Hc—in Seismology; 91.40.St—in Volcanology; 91.67.ff—in Geophysics Appendix)

91.50.Sn	Ocean drilling (see also 93.85.Tf Oil prospecting, pipelines, and conduits)

91.50.Tb	Oceanic hotspots and intra-plate volcanism (see also 91.40.Ta—in Volcanology; 91.67.fh—in Geophysics Appendix)

91.50.Uv	Oceanic plateaus and fracture zone processes

91.50.Vx	Ophiolites

91.50.Wy	Subduction zone processes

91.50.Xz	Submarine landslides

91.50.Yf	Submergence instruments, ROV, AUV, Submersibles, and ocean observatories

91.55.-y	Structural geology

91.55.Ax	Mechanics, theory and modeling

91.55.Bc	Continental neotectonics

91.55.De	Diapir and diapirism

91.55.Fg	Dynamics and mechanics of faulting (see also 91.32.Jk Friction of fault zones, rheology of)

91.55.Hj	Folds and folding

91.55.Jk	Fractures and faults (see also 91.50.Uv Oceanic plateaus and fracture zone processes)

91.55.Ln	Kinematics of crustal and mantle deformation

91.55.Mb	High strain deformation zones

91.55.Nc	Local crustal structure; regional crustal structure

91.55.Pq	Melanges

91.55.Qr	Mesoscopic fabrics

91.55.Sn	Pluton emplacement

91.55.Tt	Role of fluids

91.55.Uv	Remote sensing in structural geology
... ... ...	Rheology of the Earth, see 91.32.-m

91.60.-x	Physical properties of rocks and minerals (for rheological properties of geological materials, see 83.80.Nb)

91.60.Ba	Elasticity, fracture, and flow

91.60.Dc	Plasticity, diffusion, and creep

91.60.Ed	Crystal structure and defects, microstructure

91.60.Fe	Equations of state

91.60.Gf	High-pressure behavior

91.60.Hg	Phase changes

91.60.Ki	Thermal properties

91.60.Lj	Acoustic properties

91.60.Mk	Optical properties

91.60.Np	Permeability and porosity

91.60.Pn	Magnetic and electrical properties (see also 91.25.F- Rock and mineral magnetism)
... ... ...	Environmental magnetism, see 91.25.fd

91.60.Qr	Wave attenuation

91.60.Tn	Transport properties

91.62.-g	Biogeosciences (see also 91.67.Uv Organic and biogenic geochemistry; 91.80.Kc Chemical and biological geochronology; 92.20.J- Biology of the ocean)

91.62.Bf	Agricultural systems

91.62.De	Anoxic and hypoxic environments (see also 92.20.Hs and 92.20.Ox—in Chemical and biological oceanography)

91.62.Fc	Astrobiology and extraterrestrial materials (see also 96.55.+z Astrobiology and astrochemistry of the Solar system and interplanetary space)

91.62.Gk	Biodiversity

91.62.Jf	Bioremediation

91.62.Kt	Biogeochemical kinetics

91.62.La	Carbon cycling, nitrogen cycling (see also 92.20.Xy—in Oceanography)

91.62.Mn	Ecosystems, structure and dynamics, plant ecology

91.62.Np	Evolutionary geobiology

91.62.Pq	Geomicrobiology

91.62.Qs	Nutrients and nutrient cycling

91.62.Rt	Land pollution, soil pollution

91.62.Ty	Natural hazards

91.62.Uv	Life in extreme environments

91.62.Xy	Biosphere/atmosphere interactions

91.65.-n	Mineralogy and petrology

91.65.An	Mineral and crystal chemistry
... ... ...	Geochemical cycles, see 91.67.Nc

91.65.Cq	Igneous petrology

91.65.Dt	Isotopic composition (see also 91.67.Qr Radiogenic isotope geochemistry; 91.67.Rx Stable isotope geochemistry)

91.65.Ej	Extrusive structures and rocks
... ... ...	Low temperature geochemistry, see 91.67.Vf

91.65.Gk	Intrusive structures and rocks
... ... ...	Organic geochemistry, see 91.67.Uv

91.65.Jn	Layered magma chambers

91.65.Kf	Metamorphic petrology

91.65.Lc	Pressure-temperature-time paths

91.65.My	Fluid flow
... ... ...	Trace elements, see 91.67.Pq

91.65.Pj	Ultra-high pressure metamorphism

91.65.Qr	Ultra-high temperature metamorphism

91.65.Rg	Mineral occurrences and deposits

91.65.Sn	Meteorite mineralogy and petrology

91.65.Ti	Sedimentary petrology (see also 91.50.Jc—in marine geology; 91.67.Ty—in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn—in oceanography; 92.40.Gc—in hydrology; 91.80.Wx—in Geophysics Appendix)
... ... ...	Major element composition, see 91.67.Pq

91.67.-y	Geochemistry (see also 92.20.Cm Chemistry of the ocean; 92.40.Bc Chemistry of fresh water; 92.60.Ls Ion chemistry of the atmosphere; 91.62.Kt, 91.80.Kc, and 92.20.C- in Geophysics Appendix)

91.67.Bc	Geochemical modeling

91.67.De	Reactions and phase equilibria (see also 91.40.Qa—in Volcanology)

91.67.F-	Geochemical processes

91.67.fc	Subduction zone (see also 91.30.Ga—in Seismology; 91.45.Hc—in Tectonophysics; 91.50.Wy—in Marine geology)

91.67.ff	Mid-oceanic ridge (see also 91.30.Hc—in Seismology; 91.40.St—in Volcanology; 91.50.Rt—in Marine geology)

91.67.fh	Intra-plate (see also 91.40.Ta—in Volcanology; 91.50.Tb—in Marine geology)

91.67.fk	Alteration and weathering

91.67.fm	Mantle

91.67.G-	Chemical composition

91.67.gb	Earth's core (see also 91.35.Lj)

91.67.gd	Continental crust

91.67.gf	Oceanic crust

91.67.gh	Hydrosphere

91.67.gj	Biosphere

91.67.gl	Mantle

91.67.gn	Meteorites

91.67.gp	Aerosols and particles (see also 92.20.Bk—in oceanography; 92.30.Ef—in Paleoceanography; 92.60.Mt—in meteorology)

91.67.Jk	Geochemistry of hydrothermal systems (see also 91.40.Ge—in Volcanology; 92.05.Lf—in oceanography)
... ... ...	Physics and chemistry of magma bodies, see 91.40.La

91.67.Nc	Geochemical cycles (see also 92.20.Sg Biogeochemical cycles—in oceanography; 92.60.hn—in meteorology; 92.30.Gh—in Geophysics Appendix)

91.67.Pq	Major and trace element geochemistry (see also 92.20.Wx Trace elements—in chemical and biological oceanography)

91.67.Qr	Radiogenic isotope geochemistry (see also 91.65.Dt Isotopic composition—in Mineralogy and petrology; 92.20.Td Radioactivity and radioisotopes—in oceanography)

91.67.Rx	Stable isotope geochemistry (see also 91.65.Dt Isotopic composition—in Mineralogy and petrology)

91.67.St	Fluid and melt inclusion geochemistry

91.67.Ty	Sedimentary geochemistry (see also 91.50.Jc—in marine geology; 91.65.Ti—in Mineralogy and petrology; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn—in oceanography; 92.40.Gc—in hydrology; 91.80.Wx—in Geophysics Appendix)

91.67.Uv	Organic and biogenic geochemistry

91.67.Vf	Low-temperature geochemistry

91.70.-c	Information related to geologic time

91.70.B-	Cenozoic

91.70.bc	Neogene

91.70.bg	Paleogene

91.70.D-	Mesozoic

91.70.db	Cretaceous

91.70.de	Jurassic

91.70.dg	Triassic

91.70.F-	Paleozoic

91.70.fb	Permian

91.70.fd	Carboniferous

91.70.ff	Devonian

91.70.fh	Silurian

91.70.fk	Ordovician

91.70.fn	Cambrian

91.70.H-	Precambrian

91.70.hc	Proterozoic

91.70.hf	Archean

91.80.-d	Geochronology (see also 92.30.Hj Dendrochronology—in Paleoceanography)

91.80.Cb	Quarternary geochronology

91.80.Ef	Sidereal geochronology

91.80.Hj	Radioisotope geochronology, isotopic disequilibrium dating

91.80.Kc	Chemical and biological geochronology

91.80.Mn	Geomorphological geochronology

91.80.Pq	Correlative geochronology

91.80.Rx	Thermochronology

91.80.St	Tephrochronology (see also 91.40.Bp Tephrochronology; ash deposits—in Volcanology)

91.80.Uv	Cosmogenic-nuclide exposure dating

91.80.Vw	Extinct radionuclide geochronology

91.80.Wx	Sedimentary geochronology (see also 91.50.Jc—in Marine geology; 91.65.Ti—in Mineralogy and petrology; 91.67.Ty—in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn—in oceanography; 92.40.Gc—in Hydrology)

91.90.+p	Other topics in solid Earth physics (restricted to new topics in section 91)

92.	Hydrospheric and atmospheric geophysics

92.05.-x	General aspects of oceanography

92.05.Bc	Analytical modeling and laboratory experiments

92.05.Df	Climate and inter-annual variability (see also 92.60.Ry Climatology, climate change and variability—in meteorology; 92.70.Gt Climate dynamics—in Global change)

92.05.Ek	Long term variability; Heinrich events

92.05.Fg	Diurnal, seasonal and annual cycles

92.05.Hj	Physical and chemical properties of seawater (salinity, density, temperature)

92.05.Jn	Ocean energy extraction

92.05.Lf	Hydrothermal systems (see also 91.40.Ge—in Volcanology; 91.67.Jk—in Geochemistry)

92.10.-c	Physical oceanography

92.10.A-	Circulation and currents

92.10.ab	General circulation

92.10.ad	Deep water formation and circulation

92.10.af	Thermohaline convection

92.10.ah	Ocean currents; Eastern boundary currents, Western boundary currents

92.10.ak	Eddies and mesoscale processes

92.10.am	El Nino Southern Oscillation (see also 92.30.La—in Paleoceanography)
... ... ...	Physical properties of seawater, see 92.05.Hj
... ... ...	Capillary waves, see 92.10.hd—in Geophysics Appendix

92.10.Dh	Deep ocean processes

92.10.Ei	Coriolis effects

92.10.Fj	Upper ocean and mixed layer processes

92.10.H-	Ocean waves and oscillations

92.10.hb	Surface waves and tides

92.10.hd	Capillary waves

92.10.hf	Planetary waves, Rossby waves

92.10.hh	Kelvin waves

92.10.hj	Internal and inertial waves

92.10.hk	Seiches

92.10.hl	Tsunamis (see also 91.30.Nw—in Seismology)

92.10.hp	Sea level variations (see also 92.70.Jw Oceans, sea level change—in Global change)

92.10.Iv	Ocean influence of Earth's rotation
... ... ...	Seiches, see 92.10.hk—in Geophysics Appendix

92.10.Kp	Sea-air energy exchange processes (see also 92.60.Cc—in meteorology)

92.10.Lq	Turbulence, diffusion, and mixing processes in oceanography

92.10.Ns	Fine structure and microstructure in oceanography

92.10.Oc	Benthic boundary layers, ocean bottom processes (see also 91.50.Ey Sea floor, morphology, geology, and geophysics—in marine geology)

92.10.Rw	Sea ice (mechanics and air/sea/ice exchange processes)

92.10.Sx	Coastal, estuarine, and near shore processes (see also 91.50.Cw Beach and coastal processes—in marine geology)

92.10.Ty	Fronts and jets

92.10.Ua	Overflows

92.10.Vz	Underwater sound (see also 43.30.+m in acoustics; 43.30.-k in Acoustics Appendix)

92.10.Wa	Sediment transport (see also 91.50.Jc—in marine geology; 91.65.Ti—in Mineralogy and petrology; 91.67.Ty—in Geochemistry; 92.20.Vn—in chemical oceanography; 92.40.Gc—in Hydrology; 91.80.Wx—in Geophysics Appendix)

92.10.Xc	Ocean fog

92.10.Yb	Hydrography (for ocean parameter estimation by acoustical methods, see 43.30.Pc—in Acoustics Appendix)

92.10.Zf	Upwelling and convergences (see also 92.30.Vn—in Geophysics Appendix)
... ... ...	Marine geology and geophysics, see 91.50.-r

92.20.-h	Chemical and biological oceanography

92.20.Bk	Aerosols (see also 92.60.Mt—in meteorology; 91.67.gp and 92.30.Ef—in Geophysics Appendix)

92.20.C-	Chemistry of the ocean

92.20.cb	Chemical speciation and complexation, chemosynthesis

92.20.cd	Chemical tracers

92.20.cf	Marine organic chemistry

92.20.cg	Marine inorganic chemistry

92.20.ch	Photochemistry, photosynthesis

92.20.cj	Oxidation and reduction reactions

92.20.cn	Analytical chemistry

92.20.cp	Natural products chemistry
... ... ...	Ocean energy extraction, see 92.05.Jn

92.20.Hs	Anoxic environments (see also 91.62.+g Biogeosciences; 91.62.De—in Geophysics Appendix)

92.20.Iv	Benthic processes, sea-bottom processes (see also 91.50.Ey—in marine geology; 92.10.Oc—in oceanography; 92.40.Gc—in hydrology)

92.20.J-	Biology of the ocean (see also 91.62.-g Biogeosciences; 92.40.vu Cryobiology (in Geophysics Appendix)

92.20.jb	Bacteria, microbiology and microbial ecology (see also 91.62.Kt geomicrobiology)

92.20.jd	Symbiosis

92.20.jf	Phytoplankton

92.20.jh	Zooplankton

92.20.jj	Sorptive scavenging

92.20.jm	Population dynamics and ecology

92.20.jp	Ecosysystems, structure, dynamics and modeling

92.20.jq	Foodwebs: structure and dynamics

92.20.ju	Nutrients and nutrient cycling

92.20.Ny	Marine pollution

92.20.Ox	Hypoxic environment (see also 91.62.De—in Geophysics Appendix)
... ... ...	Bacteria, see 92.20.jb—in Geophysics Appendix
... ... ...	Plankton, see 92.20.jf and 92.20.jh—in Geophysics Appendix

92.20.Sg	Biogeochemical cycles (see also 91.67.Nc—in Geochemistry; 92.60.hn—in meteorology; 92.30.Gh—in Geophysics Appendix)

92.20.Td	Radioactivity and radioisotopes (see also 91.65.Dt Isotopic composition—in Mineralogy and petrology; 91.67.Qr Radiogenic isotope geochemistry)

92.20.Uv	Gases in chemical oceanography (see also 91.50.Hc Gas and hydrate systems—in marine geology)

92.20.Vn	Sedimentation (see also 91.50.Jc—in marine geology; 91.65.Ti—in petrology; 91.67.Ty—in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa—in oceanography; 92.40.Gc—in hydrology; 91.80.Wx—in Geophysics Appendix)

92.20.Wx	Trace elements (see also 91.67.Pq Major and trace element geochemistry)

92.20.Xy	Carbon cycling (see also 91.62.La—in Geophysics Appendix)

92.30.-m	Paleoceanography

92.30.Bc	Abrupt climate change, stadial-interstadial transitions (see also 92.60.Ry—in meteorology; 92.70.Gt and 92.70.Kb—in Global change)

92.30.De	Anthropogenic effects (see also 92.40.Aa —in Hydrology)

92.30.Ef	Atmospheric transport and circulation, aerosols (see also 91.67.gp—in Geochemistry; 92.20.Bk—in oceanography; 92.30.Ef—in Paleoceanography; 92.60.hk and 92.60.Mt—in meteorology)

92.30.Gh	Biogeochemical cycles (see also 91.67.Nc—in Geochemistry; 92.20.Sg—in oceanography; 92.60.hn—in meteorology)

92.30.Hj	Corals

92.30.Iv	Continental climate records

92.30.Jh	Dendrochronology

92.30.La	El Nino Southern Oscillation (see also 92.10.am—in oceanography)

92.30.Mc	Glacial and interglacial oceanography, ice cores (see also 92.40.vv in Geophysics Appendix)

92.30.Np	Greenhouse gases (see also 92.70.Mn Impacts of global change; global warming)

92.30.Pq	Insolation forcing

92.30.Qr	Micropaleontology

92.30.Rx	Paleoecology

92.30.St	Paleocene/Eocene thermal maximum

92.30.Tq	Sea surface temperature

92.30.Uv	Thermohaline convection

92.30.Vn	Upwelling (see also 92.10.Zf—in oceanography)

92.30.Wx	Palynology, pollen, spores and other palynomorphs, living or fossil

92.30.Xy	Speleothems, stalagmites, stalactites

92.40.-t	Hydrology and glaciology; cryosphere (see also 92.70.Ha—in Global change)

92.40.Aa	Anthropogenic effects (see also 92.30.De—in Geophysics Appendix)

92.40.Bc	Chemistry of fresh water

92.40.Cy	Modeling; general theory

92.40.De	Drought

92.40.E-	Precipitation (see also 92.60.jf—in meteorology)

92.40.ed	Snow

92.40.eg	Rain, hail

92.40.Gc	Erosion and sedimentation; sediment transport (see also 91.50.Jc—in marine geology; 91.65.Ti—in Mineralogy and petrology; 91.67.Ty—in Geochemistry; 92.10.Wa and 92.20.Vn—in oceanography; 91.80.Wx—in Geophysics Appendix)

92.40.Ha	Debris flow and landslides

92.40.Iv	Desertification

92.40.Je	Evapotranspiration (see also 92.60.jc Evaporation—in Geophysics Appendix)

92.40.K-	Ground water

92.40.kc	Ground water quality

92.40.ke	Ground water transport

92.40.kh	Aquifers

92.40.kj	Groundwater/surface water interactions

92.40.km	Groundwater hydrology

92.40.kp	Groundwater hydraulics

92.40.Lg	Soil moisture and temperature
... ... ...	Limnology, see 92.40.qj—in Geophysics Appendix

92.40.Oj	Eco-hydrology; plant ecology

92.40.P-	Geomorphology

92.40.pg	Fluvial

92.40.pj	Hillslope

92.40.Q-	Surface water, water resources

92.40.qc	Surface water quality

92.40.qf	Water supply, reservoirs

92.40.qh	Rivers

92.40.qj	Lakes, limnology

92.40.qn	Ponds

92.40.qp	Floods, runoff, and stream flow

92.40.V-	Glaciology (see also 92.30.Mc—in Paleoceanography)

92.40.vk	Glaciers

92.40.vr	Icebergs

92.40.vs	Permafrost, frozen ground

92.40.vt	Tundra

92.40.vu	Cryobiology

92.40.vv	Ice cores, ice sheets, ice shelves

92.40.vw	Snow melt, avalanches

92.40.vx	Sea ice

92.40.We	Hydrologic cycles and budgets

92.40.Xx	Irrigation; dams

92.40.Yy	Wetlands

92.40.Zg	Hydrometeorology, hydroclimatology

92.60.-e	Properties and dynamics of the atmosphere; meteorology (see also 92.40.Zg Hydrometeorology, hydroclimatology)

92.60.Aa	Modeling and model calibration (see also 92.70.Np Global climate modeling)

92.60.Bh	General circulation

92.60.Cc	Ocean/atmosphere interactions, air/sea constituent fluxes (see also 92.10.Kp—in oceanography)

92.60.Fm	Boundary layer structure and processes

92.60.Gn	Winds and their effects

92.60.H-	Atmospheric composition, structure, and properties

92.60.ha	Exospheric composition and chemistry

92.60.hb	Thermospheric composition and chemistry, energy deposition

92.60.hc	Mesospheric composition, energy deposition, constituent transport and chemistry

92.60.hd	Stratospheric composition and chemistry

92.60.hf	Tropospheric composition and chemistry, constituent transport and chemistry

92.60.hg	Constituent sources and sinks

92.60.hh	Acoustic gravity waves, tides, and compressional waves

92.60.hk	Convection, turbulence, and diffusion (see also 92.30.Ef—in Geophysics Appendix)

92.60.hn	Geochemical cycles (see also 91.67.Nc—in Geochemistry; 92.20.Sg—in oceanography; 92.30.Gh—in Geophysics Appendix)

92.60.hv	Pressure, density, and temperature

92.60.hw	Airglow and aurorae (see also 94.20.Ac Auroral ionosphere; 94.30.Aa Auroral phenomena in magnetosphere)

92.60.hx	Other upper atmospheric phenomena: red sprites; blue jets; atmospheric gamma ray and intense VHF emissions

92.60.Iv	Paleoclimatology (see also 92.70.Gt Climate dynamics—in Global change)

92.60.J-	Water in the atmosphere

92.60.jc	Evaporation (see also 92.40.Je Evapotranspiration—in Hydrology)

92.60.jf	Precipitation (see also 92.40.E- in Hydrology)

92.60.jk	Humidity

92.60.Kc	Land/atmosphere interactions

92.60.Ls	Ion chemistry of the atmosphere

92.60.Mt	Particles and aerosols (see also 92.20.Bk—in oceanography; 91.67.gp and 92.30.Ef—in Geophysics Appendix)

92.60.N-	Cloud physics and chemistry

92.60.nc	Cloud optics

92.60.nf	Cloud/radiation interaction

92.60.Ox	Tropical meteorology

92.60.Pw	Atmospheric electricity, lightning

92.60.Qx	Storms

92.60.Ry	Climatology, climate change and variability (see also 92.70.Gt and 92.70.Kb—in Global change; 92.30.Bc—in Geophysics Appendix)

92.60.Sz	Air quality and air pollution (see also 07.88.+y Instruments for environmental pollution measurements)

92.60.Ta	Electromagnetic wave propagation

92.60.Uy	Polar meteorology

92.60.Vb	Radiative processes, solar radiation

92.60.Wc	Weather analysis and prediction

92.60.Xg	Stratosphere/troposphere interactions

92.60.Zc	Volcanic effects

92.70.-j	Global change

92.70.Aa	Abrupt/rapid climate change

92.70.Bc	Land/atmosphere interactions

92.70.Cp	Atmosphere

92.70.Er	Biogeochemical processes

92.70.Gt	Climate dynamics (see also 92.60.Ry—in meteorology; 92.30.Bc—in Geophysics Appendix)

92.70.Ha	Cryospheric change

92.70.Iv	Geomorphology and weathering (see also 92.40.Gc Erosion and sedimentation; sediment transport; 92.40.Pb—in hydrology; 92.40.P- in Geophysics Appendix)

92.70.Jw	Oceans, sea level change (see also 92.10.hp—in Geophysics Appendix)

92.70.Kb	Regional climate change (see also 92.60.Ry—in meteorology; 92.30.Bc—in Geophysics Appendix)

92.70.Ly	Water cycles

92.70.Mn	Impacts of global change; global warming (see also 92.30.Np—in Geophysics Appendix)

92.70.Np	Global climate modeling

92.70.Pq	Earth system modeling

92.70.Qr	Solar variability impact

92.70.St	Land cover change

92.90.+x	Other topics in hydrospheric and atmospheric geophysics (restricted to new topics in section 92)

93.	Geophysical observations, instrumentation, and techniques

93.30.-w	Information related to geographical regions

93.30.Bz	Africa

93.30.Ca	Antarctica

93.30.Db	Asia

93.30.Fd	Australia

93.30.Ge	Europe

93.30.Hf	North America

93.30.Jg	South America

93.30.Kh	Large islands (e.g., Greenland)

93.30.Li	Arctic Ocean

93.30.Mj	Atlantic Ocean

93.30.Nk	Indian Ocean

93.30.Pm	Pacific Ocean

93.30.Qn	Southern Ocean

93.30.Rp	Regional seas

93.30.Sq	Polar regions

93.30.Tr	Temperate regions

93.30.Vs	Tropical regions

93.55.+z	International organizations, national and international programs
... ... ...	Data acquisition and storage, see 93.85.Bc

93.85.-q	Instruments and techniques for geophysical research: Exploration geophysics (see also 91.50.Ga Bathymetry, seafloor topology; 91.50.Yf Submergence instruments, ROV, AUV, submersibles, and ocean observatories—in marine geology; 92.10.Yb Hydrography—in oceanography)

93.85.Bc	Computational methods and data processing, data acquisition and storage

93.85.De	Exploration of continental structures

93.85.Fg	Downhole methods

93.85.Hj	Gravity methods

93.85.Jk	Magnetic and electrical methods

93.85.Ly	Exploration of oceanic structures

93.85.Np	Radioactivity methods

93.85.Pq	Remote sensing in exploration geophysics (see also 91.40.Yt—in Volcanology; 91.55.Uv—in Structural geology)

93.85.Rt	Seismic methods

93.85.Tf	Oil prospecting, pipelines, and conduits (see also 91.50.Sn Ocean drilling)

93.90.+y	Other topics in geophysical observations, instrumentation, and techniques (restricted to new topics in section 93)

94.	Physics of the ionosphere and magnetosphere

94.05.-a	Space plasma physics (see also 96.50.-e Interplanetary physics)

94.05.Bf	Plasma interactions with dust and aerosols

94.05.Dd	Radiation processes

94.05.Fg	Solitons and solitary waves

94.05.Hk	Spacecraft/atmosphere interactions

94.05.Jq	Spacecraft sheaths, wakes, and charging

94.05.Lk	Turbulence

94.05.Pt	Wave/wave, wave/particle interactions

94.05.Rx	Experimental techniques and laboratory studies (see also 52.72.+v—in physics of plasmas)

94.05.S-	Space weather

94.05.sj	Space radiation environment

94.05.sk	Impacts on humans

94.05.sp	Solar effects

94.05.sq	Engineering for hazard mitigation

94.05.st	Satellite drag

94.05.sx	Forecasting
... ... ...	Physics of the neutral atmosphere, see 92.60.-e

94.05.sy	Impacts on technological systems

94.20.-y	Physics of the ionosphere (for ionospheres of the planets, see 96.12.ji and 96.15.hk; for radiowave propagation, see 41.20.Jb—in electromagnetism)

94.20.Ac	Auroral ionosphere (see also 92.60.hw Airglow and aurorae—in meteorology; 94.30.Aa Auroral phenomena in magnetosphere)

94.20.Bb	Wave propagation (see also 94.30.Tz—in Physics of the magnetosphere)

94.20.Cf	Ionospheric modeling and forecasting

94.20.D-	Ionospheric structure, composition

94.20.de	D region

94.20.dg	E region

94.20.dj	F region

94.20.dk	Polar cap ionosphere

94.20.dl	Topside region

94.20.dm	Mid-latitude ionosphere

94.20.dt	Equatorial ionosphere

94.20.dv	Ion chemistry and composition; ionization mechanisms

94.20.Fg	Plasma temperature and density
... ... ...	Plasmasphere, see 94.30.cv

94.20.Qq	Particle precipitation (see also 94.30.Ny—in Physics of the magnetosphere)
... ... ...	Interactions between waves and particles, see 94.20.W-

94.20.Ss	Electric fields; current system

94.20.Tt	Ionospheric soundings; active experiments

94.20.Vv	Ionospheric disturbances, irregularities, and storms

94.20.W-	Ionospheric dynamics and interactions

94.20.wc	Plasma motion; plasma convection; particle acceleration

94.20.wf	Plasma waves and instabilities

94.20.wg	Ionosphere/atmospheric interactions

94.20.wh	Ionosphere/magnetosphere interactions

94.20.wj	Wave/particle interactions

94.20.wl	Plasma interactions with dust and aerosols

94.20.wq	Solar radiation and cosmic ray effects

94.20.ws	Electromagnetic wave propagation

94.20.Xa	Meteor-trail physics

94.30.-d	Physics of the magnetosphere

94.30.Aa	Auroral phenomena in magnetosphere (see also 94.20.Ac Auroral ionosphere)

94.30.Bg	Magnetospheric modeling and forecasting

94.30.C-	Magnetospheric configuration and dynamics

94.30.cb	Inner magnetosphere

94.30.cf	Outer magnetosphere

94.30.cg	Magnetospheric cusp

94.30.ch	Magnetopause

94.30.cj	Magnetosheath

94.30.cl	Magnetotail

94.30.cp	Magnetic reconnection

94.30.cq	MHD waves, plasma waves, and instabilities

94.30.cs	Plasma motion; plasma convection

94.30.ct	Plasma sheet

94.30.cv	Plasmasphere

94.30.cx	Polar cap phenomena

94.30.Hn	Energetic trapped particles

94.30.Kq	Electric fields, field-aligned currents and current systems, and ring currents

94.30.Lr	Magnetic storms, substorms

94.30.Ms	Magnetic pulsations

94.30.Ny	Energetic particle precipitation (see also 94.20.Qq—in Physics of the ionosphere)

94.30.Tz	Electromagnetic wave propagation (see also 94.20.Bb—in Physics of the ionosphere)

94.30.V-	Magnetosphere interactions

94.30.vb	Magnetosphere/ionosphere interactions (see also 94.20.wj—in Physics of the ionosphere)

94.30.vd	Magnetosphere interactions with satellites and rings

94.30.vf	Solar wind/magnetosphere interactions

94.30.vh	Interactions with interplanetary space

94.30.Xy	Radiation belts

94.80.+g	Instrumentation for space plasma physics, ionosphere, and magnetosphere

94.90.+m	Other topics in space plasma physics, physics of the ionosphere and magnetosphere (restricted to new topics in section 94)

96.	Solar system; planetology

96.10.+i	General; solar nebula; cosmogony

96.12.-a	Planetology of solid surface planets (see also 96.15.-g Planetology of fluid planets; 96.30.Bc Comparative planetology)

96.12.Bc	Origin and evolution

96.12.De	Orbital and rotational dynamics

96.12.Fe	Gravitational fields

96.12.Hg	Magnetic field and magnetism

96.12.J-	Atmospheres

96.12.ja	Aurorae and airglow

96.12.jc	Composition and chemistry

96.12.je	Evolution

96.12.jg	Structure and dynamics

96.12.ji	Ionospheres

96.12.jk	Magnetospheres

96.12.jm	Meteorology

96.12.K-	Surfaces

96.12.ka	Hydrology and fluvial processes

96.12.kc	Surface materials and properties

96.12.ke	Impact phenomena, cratering

96.12.kg	Erosion, weathering

96.12.ki	Glaciation

96.12.Ma	Composition

96.12.Pc	Interiors

96.12.Qr	Polar regions

96.12.St	Heat flow

96.12.Uv	Rings and dust

96.12.Wx	Interactions with particles and fields

96.12.Xy	Tectonics, volcanism

96.15.-g	Planetology of fluid planets (see also 96.12.-a Planetology of solid surface planets; 96.30.Bc Comparative planetology)

96.15.Bc	Origin and evolution

96.15.De	Orbital and rotational dynamics

96.15.Ef	Gravitational fields

96.15.Gh	Magnetic field and magnetism

96.15.H-	Atmospheres

96.15.hb	Aurorae

96.15.he	Composition and chemistry

96.15.hg	Evolution

96.15.hj	Structure and dynamics

96.15.hk	Ionospheres

96.15.hm	Magnetospheres

96.15.hp	Meteorology

96.15.Kc	Composition

96.15.Lb	Surfaces

96.15.Nd	Interiors

96.15.Pf	Physical properties of materials

96.15.Qr	Impact phenomena

96.15.St	Tori and exospheres

96.15.Uv	Rings and dust

96.15.Vx	Interactions with particles and fields

96.15.Wx	Tidal forces

96.15.Xy	Polar regions

96.20.-n	Moon

96.20.Br	Origin and evolution

96.20.Dt	Features, landmarks, mineralogy, and petrology

96.20.Jz	Gravitational field, selenodesy, and magnetic fields

96.20.Ka	Impacts, cratering

96.25.-f	Planetology of comets and small bodies

96.25.Bd	Origin and evolution

96.25.De	Orbital and rotational dynamics

96.25.F-	Atmospheres

96.25.fa	Aurorae, airglow and x-ray emission

96.25.fc	Composition and chemistry

96.25.ff	Evolution

96.25.fh	Structure and dynamics

96.25.H-	Composition

96.25.hc	Dust, erosion, and weathering

96.25.hf	Ice

96.25.hj	Surfaces and interiors

96.25.hn	Physical and chemical properties of materials

96.25.J-	Ionospheres

96.25.jf	Composition and chemistry

96.25.jh	Evolution

96.25.jk	Structure and dynamics

96.25.Ln	Magnetic fields and magnetism

96.25.Nc	Gravitational fields

96.25.Pq	Impact phenomena

96.25.Qr	Interactions with solar wind plasma and fields

96.25.St	Plasma and MHD instabilities

96.25.Tg	Radiation and spectra

96.25.Vt	Satellites

96.25.Xz	Volcanism

96.30.-t	Solar system objects

96.30.Bc	Comparative planetology (see also 96.12.-a Planetology of solid surface planets; 96.15.-g Planetology of fluid planets)

96.30.C-	Comets (see also 96.25.-f Planetology of comets and small bodies)

96.30.cb	Dust tails and trails

96.30.cd	Interiors

96.30.Dz	Mercury

96.30.Ea	Venus

96.30.Gc	Mars

96.30.Hf	Martian satellites

96.30.Iz	Dwarf Planets

96.30.Ja	Dwarf planet satellites

96.30.Kf	Jupiter

96.30.L-	Jovian satellites

96.30.lb	Io

96.30.ld	Europa

96.30.lf	Ganymede

96.30.lh	Callisto

96.30.Mh	Saturn

96.30.N-	Saturnian satellites

96.30.nd	Titan

96.30.Pj	Uranus

96.30.Qk	Uranian satellites

96.30.Rm	Neptune

96.30.Sn	Pluto

96.30.Td	Neptunian satellites

96.30.Up	Plutonian satellites

96.30.V-	Dust, extraterrestrial materials

96.30.vx	Interplanetary material

96.30.vy	Interstellar material

96.30.Wr	Planetary rings

96.30.Xa	Kuiper belt, trans-Neptunian objects

96.30.Ys	Asteroids, meteoroids

96.30.Za	Meteors, meteorites and tektites (see also 91.65.Sn Meteorite mineralogy and petrology; 94.20.Xa Meteor-trail physics; 91.67.gn—in Geophysics Appendix)
... ... ...	Planetary, asteroid, cometary, and satellite characteristics and properties, see 96.12.-a, 96.15.-g, and 96.25.-f
... ... ...	Cosmic rays, see 96.50.S-

96.50.-e	Interplanetary physics (see also 94.05.-a Space plasma physics)

96.50.Bh	Interplanetary magnetic fields

96.50.Ci	Solar wind plasma; sources of solar wind

96.50.Dj	Interplanetary dust and gas

96.50.Ek	Heliopause and solar wind termination

96.50.Fm	Planetary bow shocks; interplanetary shocks
... ... ...	Comets, see 96.30.Cw; 96.30C- (in Geophysics Appendix)

96.50.Hp	Oort cloud
... ... ...	Kuiper belt, see 96.30.Xa
... ... ...	Meteors, meteoroids, and meteor streams, see 96.30.Za
... ... ...	Meteorites, micrometeorites, and tektites, see 96.30.Za

96.50.Pw	Particle acceleration

96.50.Qx	Corotating streams

96.50.Ry	Discontinuities

96.50.S-	Cosmic rays (see also 94.20.wq Solar radiation and cosmic ray effects)

96.50.sb	Composition, energy spectra and interactions

96.50.sd	Extensive air showers

96.50.sf	Interactions with terrestrial matter

96.50.sh	Interplanetary propagation and effects

96.50.Tf	MHD waves; plasma waves, turbulence

96.50.Uv	Ejecta, driver gases, and magnetic clouds

96.50.Vg	Energetic particles

96.50.Wx	Solar cycle variations

96.50.Xy	Heliosphere/interstellar medium interactions

96.50.Ya	Pickup ions

96.50.Zc	Neutral particles

96.55.+z	Astrobiology and astrochemistry of the Solar system and interplanetary space (see also 91.62.Fc—in Geophysics Appendix)

96.60.-j	Solar physics

96.60.Bn	Diameter, rotation, and mass

96.60.Fs	Composition

96.60.Hv	Electric and magnetic fields, solar magnetism

96.60.Iv	Magnetic reconnection

96.60.Jw	Solar interior

96.60.Ly	Helioseismology, pulsations, and shock waves

96.60.Mz	Photosphere

96.60.Na	Chromosphere

96.60.P-	Corona

96.60.pc	Coronal holes

96.60.pf	Coronal loops, streamers

96.60.ph	Coronal mass ejection

96.60.Q-	Solar activity (see also 92.70.Qr—in Global change)

96.60.qd	Sun spots, solar cycles

96.60.qe	Flares

96.60.qf	Prominence eruptions

96.60.T-	Solar electromagnetic emission

96.60.tg	Radio emission

96.60.th	Visible emission

96.60.tj	Ultraviolet emission

96.60.tk	X-ray and gamma-ray emission

96.60.Ub	Solar irradiance

96.60.Vg	Particle emission, solar wind (see also 94.30.vf—in Geophysics Appendix; 26.65.+t Solar neutrinos in nuclear astrophysics)

96.60.Xy	Transition region

96.90.+c	Other topics on the Solar system and planetology (restricted to new topics in section 96)