70.	CONDENSED MATTER: ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE, ELECTRICAL, MAGNETIC, AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES
	71.	Electronic structure of bulk materials (see section 73 for electronic structure of surfaces, interfaces, low-dimensional structures, and nanomaterials; for electronic structure of superconductors, see 74.25.Jb)
	71.10.-w	Theories and models of many-electron systems
	71.10.Ay	Fermi-liquid theory and other phenomenological models
	71.10.Ca	Electron gas, Fermi gas
	71.10.Fd	Lattice fermion models (Hubbard model, etc.)
	71.10.Hf	Non-Fermi-liquid ground states, electron phase diagrams and phase transitions in model systems
	71.10.Li	Excited states and pairing interactions in model systems
	71.10.Pm	Fermions in reduced dimensions (anyons, composite fermions, Luttinger liquid, etc.) (for anyon mechanism in superconductors, see 74.20.Mn)
	71.15.-m	Methods of electronic structure calculations (see also 31.15.−p Calculations and mathematical techniques in atomic and molecular physics)
	71.15.Ap	Basis sets (LCAO, plane-wave, APW, etc.) and related methodology (scattering methods, ASA, linearized methods, etc.)
	71.15.Dx	Computational methodology (Brillouin zone sampling, iterative diagonalization, pseudopotential construction)
	71.15.Mb	Density functional theory, local density approximation, gradient and other corrections
	71.15.Nc	Total energy and cohesive energy calculations
	71.15.Pd	Molecular dynamics calculations (Car–Parrinello) and other numerical simulations
	71.15.Qe	Excited states: methodology (see also 71.10.Li Excited states and pairing interactions in model systems)
S	71.15.Rf	Relativistic effects
M	71.15.Rf	Relativistic effects [see also 31.30.J− Relativistic and quantum electrodynamic (QED) effects in atoms, molecules, and ions]
	71.18.+y	Fermi surface: calculations and measurements; effective mass, g factor
	71.20.-b	Electron density of states and band structure of crystalline solids
	71.20.Be	Transition metals and alloys
	71.20.Dg	Alkali and alkaline earth metals
	71.20.Eh	Rare earth metals and alloys
	71.20.Gj	Other metals and alloys
	71.20.Lp	Intermetallic compounds
	71.20.Mq	Elemental semiconductors
	71.20.Nr	Semiconductor compounds
	71.20.Ps	Other inorganic compounds
	71.20.Rv	Polymers and organic compounds
	71.20.Tx	Fullerenes and related materials; intercalation compounds
	... ... ...	Photonic band-gap materials, see 42.70.Qs
	71.22.+i	Electronic structure of liquid metals and semiconductors and their alloys
	71.23.-k	Electronic structure of disordered solids
	71.23.An	Theories and models; localized states
	71.23.Cq	Amorphous semiconductors, metallic glasses, glasses
	71.23.Ft	Quasicrystals
	71.27.+a	Strongly correlated electron systems; heavy fermions
	71.28.+d	Narrow-band systems; intermediate-valence solids (for magnetic aspects, see 75.20.Hr and 75.30.Mb in magnetic properties and materials)
	71.30.+h	Metal–insulator transitions and other electronic transitions
	71.35.-y	Excitons and related phenomena
	71.35.Aa	Frenkel excitons and self-trapped excitons
	71.35.Cc	Intrinsic properties of excitons; optical absorption spectra
	71.35.Ee	Electron-hole drops and electron-hole plasma
	71.35.Gg	Exciton-mediated interactions
	71.35.Ji	Excitons in magnetic fields; magnetoexcitons
	71.35.Lk	Collective effects (Bose effects, phase space filling, and excitonic phase transitions)
	71.35.Pq	Charged excitons (trions)
	71.36.+c	Polaritons (including photon–phonon and photon–magnon interactions)
S	71.38.-k	Polarons and electron-phonon interactions
M	71.38.-k	Polarons and electron-phonon interactions (see also 63.20.K− Phonon interactions in lattice dynamics)
	71.38.Cn	Mass renormalization in metals
	71.38.Fp	Large or Fröhlich polarons
	71.38.Ht	Self-trapped or small polarons
	71.38.Mx	Bipolarons
	71.45.-d	Collective effects
	71.45.Gm	Exchange, correlation, dielectric and magnetic response functions, plasmons
	71.45.Lr	Charge-density-wave systems (see also 75.30.Fv Spin-density waves)
	71.55.-i	Impurity and defect levels
	71.55.Ak	Metals, semimetals, and alloys
	71.55.Cn	Elemental semiconductors
	71.55.Eq	III–V semiconductors
	71.55.Gs	II–VI semiconductors
	71.55.Ht	Other nonmetals
	71.55.Jv	Disordered structures; amorphous and glassy solids
	71.60.+z	Positron states (for positron annihilation, see 78.70.Bj)
	71.70.-d	Level splitting and interactions (see also 73.20.−r Surface and interface electron states; 75.30.Et Exchange and superexchange interactions)
	71.70.Ch	Crystal and ligand fields
	71.70.Di	Landau levels
	71.70.Ej	Spin–orbit coupling, Zeeman and Stark splitting, Jahn–Teller effect
	71.70.Fk	Strain-induced splitting
	71.70.Gm	Exchange interactions
	71.70.Jp	Nuclear states and interactions
	71.90.+q	Other topics in electronic structure (restricted to new topics in section 71)
S	72.	Electronic transport in condensed matter
M	72.	Electronic transport in condensed matter (for electronic transport in surfaces, interfaces, and thin films, see section 73; for electrical properties related to treatment conditions, see 81.40.Rs; for transport properties of superconductors, see 74.25.Fy; for electrical properties of tissues and organs, see 87.19.R− in biological physics)
	72.10.-d	Theory of electronic transport; scattering mechanisms
	72.10.Bg	General formulation of transport theory
	72.10.Di	Scattering by phonons, magnons, and other nonlocalized excitations (see also 71.45.−d Collective effects in electronic structure of bulk materials)
	72.10.Fk	Scattering by point defects, dislocations, surfaces, and other imperfections (including Kondo effect)
	72.15.-v	Electronic conduction in metals and alloys
	72.15.Cz	Electrical and thermal conduction in amorphous and liquid metals and alloys
	72.15.Eb	Electrical and thermal conduction in crystalline metals and alloys
	72.15.Gd	Galvanomagnetic and other magnetotransport effects (see also 75.47.−m Magnetotransport phenomena; materials for magnetotransport)
	72.15.Jf	Thermoelectric and thermomagnetic effects
	72.15.Lh	Relaxation times and mean free paths
	72.15.Nj	Collective modes (e.g., in one-dimensional conductors)
	72.15.Qm	Scattering mechanisms and Kondo effect (see also 75.20.Hr Local moments in compounds and alloys; Kondo effect, valence fluctuations, heavy fermions in magnetic properties and materials)
	72.15.Rn	Localization effects (Anderson or weak localization)
S	72.20.-i	Conductivity phenomena in semiconductors and insulators
M	72.20.-i	Conductivity phenomena in semiconductors and insulators (see also 66.70.−f Nonelectronic thermal conduction and heat-pulse propagation in solids; thermal waves)
	72.20.Dp	General theory, scattering mechanisms
	72.20.Ee	Mobility edges; hopping transport
	72.20.Fr	Low-field transport and mobility; piezoresistance
	72.20.Ht	High-field and nonlinear effects
	72.20.Jv	Charge carriers: generation, recombination, lifetime, and trapping
	72.20.My	Galvanomagnetic and other magnetotransport effects
	72.20.Pa	Thermoelectric and thermomagnetic effects
	72.25.-b	Spin polarized transport (for ballistic magnetoresistance, see 75.47.Jn; for spin polarized transport devices, see 85.75.−d)
	72.25.Ba	Spin polarized transport in metals
	72.25.Dc	Spin polarized transport in semiconductors
	72.25.Fe	Optical creation of spin polarized carriers
	72.25.Hg	Electrical injection of spin polarized carriers
	72.25.Mk	Spin transport through interfaces
	72.25.Pn	Current-driven spin pumping
	72.25.Rb	Spin relaxation and scattering
	72.30.+q	High-frequency effects; plasma effects
	72.40.+w	Photoconduction and photovoltaic effects
	72.50.+b	Acoustoelectric effects
	72.55.+s	Magnetoacoustic effects (see also 75.80.+q Magnetomechanical and magnetoelectric effects, magnetostriction)
	72.60.+g	Mixed conductivity and conductivity transitions
	72.70.+m	Noise processes and phenomena
	72.80.-r	Conductivity of specific materials (for conductivity of metals and alloys, see 72.15.−v)
	72.80.Cw	Elemental semiconductors
	72.80.Ey	III–V and II–VI semiconductors
	72.80.Ga	Transition-metal compounds
	72.80.Jc	Other crystalline inorganic semiconductors
	72.80.Le	Polymers; organic compounds (including organic semiconductors)
	72.80.Ng	Disordered solids
	72.80.Ph	Liquid semiconductors
	72.80.Rj	Fullerenes and related materials
	72.80.Sk	Insulators
	72.80.Tm	Composite materials
	72.90.+y	Other topics in electronic transport in condensed matter (restricted to new topics in section 72)
	73.	Electronic structure and electrical properties of surfaces, interfaces, thin films, and low-dimensional structures (for electronic structure and electrical properties of superconducting films and low-dimensional structures, see 74.78.−w; for computational methodology for electronic structure calculations in condensed matter, see 71.15.−m)
	73.20.-r	Electron states at surfaces and interfaces
	73.20.At	Surface states, band structure, electron density of states
	73.20.Fz	Weak or Anderson localization
	73.20.Hb	Impurity and defect levels; energy states of adsorbed species
	73.20.Jc	Delocalization processes
	73.20.Mf	Collective excitations (including excitons, polarons, plasmons and other charge-density excitations) (for collective excitations in quantum Hall effects, see 73.43.Lp)
	73.20.Qt	Electron solids
	73.21.-b	Electron states and collective excitations in multilayers, quantum wells, mesoscopic, and nanoscale systems (for electron states in nanoscale materials, see 73.22.−f)
	73.21.Ac	Multilayers
	73.21.Cd	Superlattices
	73.21.Fg	Quantum wells
	73.21.Hb	Quantum wires
	73.21.La	Quantum dots
	73.22.-f	Electronic structure of nanoscale materials: clusters, nanoparticles, nanotubes, and nanocrystals
	73.22.Dj	Single particle states
	73.22.Gk	Broken symmetry phases
	73.22.Lp	Collective excitations
	73.23.-b	Electronic transport in mesoscopic systems
	73.23.Ad	Ballistic transport (see also 75.47.Jn Ballistic magnetoresistance in magnetic properties and materials)
	73.23.Hk	Coulomb blockade; single-electron tunneling
	73.23.Ra	Persistent currents
	73.25.+i	Surface conductivity and carrier phenomena
S	73.30.+y	Surface double layers, Schottky barriers, and work functions
M	73.30.+y	Surface double layers, Schottky barriers, and work functions (see also 82.45.Mp Thin layers, films, monolayers, membranes in electrochemistry; see also 87.16.D− Membranes, bilayers, and vesicles in biological physics)
	73.40.-c	Electronic transport in interface structures
	73.40.Cg	Contact resistance, contact potential
	73.40.Ei	Rectification
	73.40.Gk	Tunneling (for tunneling in quantum Hall effects, see 73.43.Jn)
	73.40.Jn	Metal-to-metal contacts
	73.40.Kp	III–V semiconductor-to-semiconductor contacts, p–n junctions, and heterojunctions
	73.40.Lq	Other semiconductor-to-semiconductor contacts, p–n junctions, and heterojunctions
	73.40.Mr	Semiconductor–electrolyte contacts
	73.40.Ns	Metal–nonmetal contacts
	73.40.Qv	Metal–insulator–semiconductor structures (including semiconductor-to-insulator)
	73.40.Rw	Metal–insulator–metal structures
	73.40.Sx	Metal–semiconductor–metal structures
	73.40.Ty	Semiconductor–insulator–semiconductor structures
	73.40.Vz	Semiconductor–metal–semiconductor structures
	73.43.-f	Quantum Hall effects
	73.43.Cd	Theory and modeling
	73.43.Fj	Novel experimental methods; measurements
	73.43.Jn	Tunneling
	73.43.Lp	Collective excitations
S	73.43.Nq	Quantum phase transitions
M	73.43.Nq	Quantum phase transitions (see also 64.70.Tg Quantum phase transitions in equations of state, phase equilibria and phase transitions)
	73.43.Qt	Magnetoresistance (see also 75.47.−m Magnetotransport phenomena; materials for magnetotransport in magnetic properties and materials)
	... ... ...	Optical properties, see 78.66.−w
	73.50.-h	Electronic transport phenomena in thin films (for electronic transport in mesoscopic systems, see 73.23.−b; see also 73.40.−c Electronic transport in interface structures; for electronic transport in nanoscale materials and structures, see 73.63.−b)
	73.50.Bk	General theory, scattering mechanisms
	73.50.Dn	Low-field transport and mobility; piezoresistance
	73.50.Fq	High-field and nonlinear effects
	73.50.Gr	Charge carriers: generation, recombination, lifetime, trapping, mean free paths
	73.50.Jt	Galvanomagnetic and other magnetotransport effects (including thermomagnetic effects)
	73.50.Lw	Thermoelectric effects
	73.50.Mx	High-frequency effects; plasma effects
	73.50.Pz	Photoconduction and photovoltaic effects
	73.50.Rb	Acoustoelectric and magnetoacoustic effects
	73.50.Td	Noise processes and phenomena
	73.61.-r	Electrical properties of specific thin films (for optical properties of thin films, see 78.20.−e and 78.66.−w; for magnetic properties of thin films, see 75.70.−i)
	73.61.At	Metal and metallic alloys
	73.61.Cw	Elemental semiconductors
	73.61.Ey	III–V semiconductors
	73.61.Ga	II–VI semiconductors
	73.61.Jc	Amorphous semiconductors; glasses
	73.61.Le	Other inorganic semiconductors
	73.61.Ng	Insulators
	73.61.Ph	Polymers; organic compounds
	73.61.Wp	Fullerenes and related materials
	73.63.-b	Electronic transport in nanoscale materials and structures (see also 73.23.−b Electronic transport in mesoscopic systems)
	73.63.Bd	Nanocrystalline materials
	73.63.Fg	Nanotubes
	73.63.Hs	Quantum wells
	73.63.Kv	Quantum dots
	73.63.Nm	Quantum wires
	73.63.Rt	Nanoscale contacts
	73.90.+f	Other topics in electronic structure and electrical properties of surfaces, interfaces, thin films, and low-dimensional structures (Restricted to new topics in section 73)
	74.	Superconductivity (for superconducting devices, see 85.25.−j)
	74.10.+v	Occurrence, potential candidates
	74.20.-z	Theories and models of superconducting state
	74.20.De	Phenomenological theories (two-fluid, Ginzburg–Landau, etc.)
	74.20.Fg	BCS theory and its development
	74.20.Mn	Nonconventional mechanisms (spin fluctuations, polarons and bipolarons, resonating valence bond model, anyon mechanism, marginal Fermi liquid, Luttinger liquid, etc.)
	74.20.Rp	Pairing symmetries (other than s-wave)
	74.25.-q	Properties of type I and type II superconductors
	74.25.Bt	Thermodynamic properties
	74.25.Dw	Superconductivity phase diagrams
	74.25.Fy	Transport properties (electric and thermal conductivity, thermoelectric effects, etc.)
	74.25.Gz	Optical properties
	74.25.Ha	Magnetic properties
	74.25.Jb	Electronic structure
	74.25.Kc	Phonons
	74.25.Ld	Mechanical and acoustical properties, elasticity, and ultrasonic attenuation
	74.25.Nf	Response to electromagnetic fields (nuclear magnetic resonance, surface impedance, etc.)
	74.25.Op	Mixed states, critical fields, and surface sheaths
	74.25.Qt	Vortex lattices, flux pinning, flux creep
	74.25.Sv	Critical currents
	74.40.+k	Fluctuations (noise, chaos, nonequilibrium superconductivity, localization, etc.)
	74.45.+c	Proximity effects; Andreev effect; SN and SNS junctions
	74.50.+r	Tunneling phenomena; point contacts, weak links, Josephson effects (for SQUIDs, see 85.25.Dq; for Josephson devices, see 85.25.Cp; for Josephson junction arrays, see 74.81.Fa)
	74.62.-c	Transition temperature variations
	74.62.Bf	Effects of material synthesis, crystal structure, and chemical composition
	74.62.Dh	Effects of crystal defects, doping and substitution
	74.62.Fj	Pressure effects
	74.62.Yb	Other effects
	74.70.-b	Superconducting materials (for cuprates, see 74.72.−h)
	74.70.Ad	Metals; alloys and binary compounds (including A15, MgB2, etc.)
	74.70.Dd	Ternary, quaternary, and multinary compounds (including Chevrel phases, borocarbides, etc.)
	74.70.Kn	Organic superconductors
	74.70.Pq	Ruthenates
	74.70.Tx	Heavy-fermion superconductors
	74.70.Wz	Fullerenes and related materials
	74.72.-h	Cuprate superconductors (high-Tc and insulating parent compounds)
	74.72.Bk	Y-based cuprates
	74.72.Dn	La-based cuprates
	74.72.Hs	Bi-based cuprates
	74.72.Jt	Other cuprates, including Tl and Hg-based cuprates
	74.78.-w	Superconducting films and low-dimensional structures
	74.78.Bz	High-Tc films
	74.78.Db	Low-Tc films
	74.78.Fk	Multilayers, superlattices, heterostructures
	74.78.Na	Mesoscopic and nanoscale systems
	74.81.-g	Inhomogeneous superconductors and superconducting systems
	74.81.Bd	Granular, melt-textured, amorphous, and composite superconductors
	74.81.Fa	Josephson junction arrays and wire networks
	74.90.+n	Other topics in superconductivity (restricted to new topics in section 74)
S	75.	Magnetic properties and materials
M	75.	Magnetic properties and materials (for magnetic properties of quantum solids, see 67.80.dk; for magnetic properties related to treatment conditions, see 81.40.Rs; for magnetic properties of superconductors, see 74.25.Ha; for magnetic properties of rocks and minerals, see 91.60.Pn)
	75.10.-b	General theory and models of magnetic ordering (see also 05.50.+q Lattice theory and statistics)
	75.10.Dg	Crystal-field theory and spin Hamiltonians
	75.10.Hk	Classical spin models
	75.10.Jm	Quantized spin models
	75.10.Lp	Band and itinerant models
	75.10.Nr	Spin-glass and other random models
	75.10.Pq	Spin chain models
	75.20.-g	Diamagnetism, paramagnetism, and superparamagnetism
	75.20.Ck	Nonmetals
	75.20.En	Metals and alloys
	75.20.Hr	Local moment in compounds and alloys; Kondo effect, valence fluctuations, heavy fermions (see also 72.15.Qm Scattering mechanisms and Kondo effect)
	75.25.+z	Spin arrangements in magnetically ordered materials (including neutron and spin-polarized electron studies, synchrotron-source X-ray scattering, etc.) (for devices exploiting spin polarized transport, see 85.75.−d)
	75.30.-m	Intrinsic properties of magnetically ordered materials (for critical point effects, see 75.40.−s)
	75.30.Cr	Saturation moments and magnetic susceptibilities
	75.30.Ds	Spin waves (for spin-wave resonance, see 76.50.+g)
	75.30.Et	Exchange and superexchange interactions (see also 71.70.−d Level splitting and interactions)
	75.30.Fv	Spin-density waves
	75.30.Gw	Magnetic anisotropy
	75.30.Hx	Magnetic impurity interactions
	75.30.Kz	Magnetic phase boundaries (including magnetic transitions, metamagnetism, etc.)
S	75.30.Mb	Valence fluctuation, Kondo lattice, and heavy-fermion phenomena
M	75.30.Mb	Valence fluctuation, Kondo lattice, and heavy-fermion phenomena (see also 71.27.+a Strongly correlated electron systems, heavy fermions)
	75.30.Sg	Magnetocaloric effect, magnetic cooling
	75.30.Wx	Spin crossover
S	75.40.-s	Critical-point effects, specific heats, short-range order
M	75.40.-s	Critical-point effects, specific heats, short-range order (see also 65.40.Ba Heat capacity)
	75.40.Cx	Static properties (order parameter, static susceptibility, heat capacities, critical exponents, etc.)
	75.40.Gb	Dynamic properties (dynamic susceptibility, spin waves, spin diffusion, dynamic scaling, etc.)
	75.40.Mg	Numerical simulation studies
	75.45.+j	Macroscopic quantum phenomena in magnetic systems
	75.47.-m	Magnetotransport phenomena; materials for magnetotransport (for spintronics, see 85.75.−d; see also 72.15.Gd, 73.50.Jt, 73.43.Qt, and 72.25.−b in transport phenomena)
	75.47.De	Giant magnetoresistance
	75.47.Gk	Colossal magnetoresistance
	75.47.Jn	Ballistic magnetoresistance
	75.47.Lx	Manganites
	75.47.Np	Metals and alloys
	75.47.Pq	Other materials
	75.50.-y	Studies of specific magnetic materials
	75.50.Bb	Fe and its alloys
	75.50.Cc	Other ferromagnetic metals and alloys
	75.50.Dd	Nonmetallic ferromagnetic materials
	75.50.Ee	Antiferromagnetics
	75.50.Gg	Ferrimagnetics
	75.50.Kj	Amorphous and quasicrystalline magnetic materials
	75.50.Lk	Spin glasses and other random magnets
	75.50.Mm	Magnetic liquids
	75.50.Pp	Magnetic semiconductors
	75.50.Ss	Magnetic recording materials (see also 85.70.−w Magnetic devices)
	75.50.Tt	Fine-particle systems; nanocrystalline materials
	75.50.Vv	High coercivity materials
	75.50.Ww	Permanent magnets
	75.50.Xx	Molecular magnets
	75.60.-d	Domain effects, magnetization curves, and hysteresis
	75.60.Ch	Domain walls and domain structure (for magnetic bubbles, see 75.70.Kw)
	75.60.Ej	Magnetization curves, hysteresis, Barkhausen and related effects
	75.60.Jk	Magnetization reversal mechanisms
	75.60.Lr	Magnetic aftereffects
	75.60.Nt	Magnetic annealing and temperature–hysteresis effects
	75.70.-i	Magnetic properties of thin films, surfaces, and interfaces (for magnetic properties of nanostructures, see 75.75.+a)
	75.70.Ak	Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films
	75.70.Cn	Magnetic properties of interfaces (multilayers, superlattices, heterostructures)
	75.70.Kw	Domain structure (including magnetic bubbles)
	75.70.Rf	Surface magnetism
	75.75.+a	Magnetic properties of nanostructures
	75.80.+q	Magnetomechanical and magnetoelectric effects, magnetostriction
	... ... ...	Galvanomagnetic effects, see 72.15.Gd and 72.20.My
	... ... ...	Magnetooptical effects, see 78.20.Ls
	75.90.+w	Other topics in magnetic properties and materials (restricted to new topics in section 75)
	76.	Magnetic resonances and relaxations in condensed matter, Mössbauer effect
	76.20.+q	General theory of resonances and relaxations
S	76.30.-v	Electron paramagnetic resonance and relaxation
M	76.30.-v	Electron paramagnetic resonance and relaxation (see also 33.35.+r Electron resonance and relaxation in atomic and molecular physics; 87.80.Lg Magnetic and paramagnetic resonance in biological physics)
	76.30.Da	Ions and impurities: general
	76.30.Fc	Iron group (3d) ions and impurities (Ti–Cu)
	76.30.He	Platinum and palladium group (4d and 5d) ions and impurities (Zr–Ag and Hf–Au)
	76.30.Kg	Rare-earth ions and impurities
	76.30.Lh	Other ions and impurities
	76.30.Mi	Color centers and other defects
	76.30.Pk	Conduction electrons
	76.30.Rn	Free radicals
	76.40.+b	Diamagnetic and cyclotron resonances
	76.50.+g	Ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, and ferrimagnetic resonances; spin-wave resonance (see also 75.30.Ds Spin waves)
S	76.60.-k	Nuclear magnetic resonance and relaxation
M	76.60.-k	Nuclear magnetic resonance and relaxation (see also 33.25.+k Nuclear resonance and relaxation in atomic and molecular physics and 82.56.−b Nuclear magnetic resonance in physical chemistry and chemical physics; for structure determination using magnetic resonance techniques, see 61.05.Qr; for biophysical applications, see 87.80.Lg)
	76.60.Cq	Chemical and Knight shifts
	76.60.Es	Relaxation effects
	76.60.Gv	Quadrupole resonance
	76.60.Jx	Effects of internal magnetic fields
	76.60.Lz	Spin echoes
	76.60.Pc	NMR imaging (for medical NMR imaging, see 87.61.−c)
	76.70.-r	Magnetic double resonances and cross effects (see also 33.40.+f Multiple resonances in atomic and molecular physics)
	76.70.Dx	Electron–nuclear double resonance (ENDOR), electron double resonance (ELDOR)
	76.70.Fz	Double nuclear magnetic resonance (DNMR), dynamical nuclear polarization
	76.70.Hb	Optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR)
	76.75.+i	Muon spin rotation and relaxation
S	76.80.+y	Mo¨ssbauer effect; other &ggr;-ray spectroscopy
M	76.80.+y	Mössbauer effect; other γ-ray spectroscopy (see also 33.45.+x Mössbauer spectra—in atomic and molecular physics; for biophysical applications, see 87.64.kx; for chemical analysis applications, see 82.80.Ej)
	... ... ...	Magnetic resonance spectrometers, 07.57.Pt
	76.90.+d	Other topics in magnetic resonances and relaxations (restricted to new topics in section 76)
	77.	Dielectrics, piezoelectrics, and ferroelectrics and their properties (for conductivity phenomena, see 72.20.−i and 72.80.−r; for dielectric properties related to treatment conditions, see 81.40.Tv)
S	77.22.-d	Dielectric properties of solids and liquids
M	77.22.-d	Dielectric properties of solids and liquids (for dielectric properties of tissues and organs, see 87.19.rf)
	77.22.Ch	Permittivity (dielectric function)
	77.22.Ej	Polarization and depolarization
	77.22.Gm	Dielectric loss and relaxation
	77.22.Jp	Dielectric breakdown and space-charge effects
	77.55.+f	Dielectric thin films
	77.65.-j	Piezoelectricity and electromechanical effects
	77.65.Bn	Piezoelectric and electrostrictive constants
	77.65.Dq	Acoustoelectric effects and surface acoustic waves (SAW) in piezoelectrics (see also 43.35.Pt Surface waves in solids and liquids—in Acoustics Appendix; for surface acoustic wave transducers, see 43.38.Rh—in Acoustics Appendix)
	77.65.Fs	Electromechanical resonance; quartz resonators
	77.65.Ly	Strain-induced piezoelectric fields
	77.70.+a	Pyroelectric and electrocaloric effects
	77.80.-e	Ferroelectricity and antiferroelectricity
	77.80.Bh	Phase transitions and Curie point
	77.80.Dj	Domain structure; hysteresis
	77.80.Fm	Switching phenomena
	77.84.-s	Dielectric, piezoelectric, ferroelectric, and antiferroelectric materials (for nonlinear optical materials, see 42.70.Mp; for dielectric materials in electrochemistry, see 82.45.Un)
	77.84.Bw	Elements, oxides, nitrides, borides, carbides, chalcogenides, etc.
	77.84.Dy	Niobates, titanates, tantalates, PZT ceramics, etc.
	77.84.Fa	KDP- and TGS-type crystals
	77.84.Jd	Polymers; organic compounds
	77.84.Lf	Composite materials
	77.84.Nh	Liquids, emulsions, and suspensions; liquid crystals (for structure of liquid crystals, see 61.30.−v)
	77.90.+k	Other topics in dielectrics, piezoelectrics, and ferroelectrics and their properties (restricted to new topics in section 77)
	78.	Optical properties, condensed-matter spectroscopy and other interactions of radiation and particles with condensed matter
S	78.20.-e	Optical properties of bulk materials and thin films
M	78.20.-e	Optical properties of bulk materials and thin films (for optical properties related to materials treatment, see 81.40.Tv; for optical materials, see 42.70−a; for optical properties of superconductors, see 74.25.Gz; for optical properties of rocks and minerals, see 91.60.Mk; for optical/infrared radiation effects on biological systems, see 87.50.W−)
	78.20.Bh	Theory, models, and numerical simulation
	78.20.Ci	Optical constants (including refractive index, complex dielectric constant, absorption, reflection and transmission coefficients, emissivity)
	78.20.Ek	Optical activity
	78.20.Fm	Birefringence
	78.20.Hp	Piezo-, elasto-, and acoustooptical effects; photoacoustic effects
	78.20.Jq	Electrooptical effects
	78.20.Ls	Magnetooptical effects
	78.20.Nv	Thermooptical and photothermal effects
	... ... ...	Nonlinear optical properties, see 42.65.−k
S	78.30.-j	Infrared and Raman spectra
M	78.30.-j	Infrared and Raman spectra (for vibrational states in crystals and disordered systems, see 63.20.−e and 63.50.−x respectively)
	78.30.Am	Elemental semiconductors and insulators
	78.30.Cp	Liquids
	78.30.Er	Solid metals and alloys
	78.30.Fs	III–V and II–VI semiconductors
	78.30.Hv	Other nonmetallic inorganics
	78.30.Jw	Organic compounds, polymers
	78.30.Ly	Disordered solids
	78.30.Na	Fullerenes and related materials
	78.35.+c	Brillouin and Rayleigh scattering; other light scattering (for Raman scattering, see 78.30.−j)
	78.40.-q	Absorption and reflection spectra: visible and ultraviolet (for infrared spectra, see 78.30.−j)
	78.40.Dw	Liquids
	78.40.Fy	Semiconductors
	78.40.Ha	Other nonmetallic inorganics
	78.40.Kc	Metals, semimetals, and alloys
	78.40.Me	Organic compounds and polymers
	78.40.Pg	Disordered solids
	78.40.Ri	Fullerenes and related materials
	78.45.+h	Stimulated emission (see also 42.55.−f Lasers)
D	78.47.+p	Time-resolved optical spectroscopies and other ultrafast optical measurements in condensed matter (see also 42.65.Re—in nonlinear optics; 82.53.−k Femtochemistry in physical chemistry and chemical physics) (Use 78.47.-p)
	... ... ...	Impurity and defect absorption in solids, see 78.30.−j and 78.40.−q
N	78.47.-p	Spectroscopy of solid state dynamics (see also 42.65.−k Nonlinear optics; 42.50.−p Quantum optics)
N	78.47.Cd	Time resolved luminescence
N	78.47.Fg	Coherent nonlinear optical spectroscopy
N	78.47.J-	Ultrafast pump/probe spectroscopy (< 1 psec) (see also 82.53.Eb Pump probe studies of photodissociation; 82.53.Hn Pump probe experiments with bound states in femtochemistry; for ultrafast processes in nonlinear optics, see 42.65.Re)
N	78.47.jc	Time resolved spectroscopy (> 1 psec)
N	78.47.jf	Photon echoes
N	78.47.jj	Transient grating spectroscopy
N	78.47.jm	Quantum beats
N	78.47.jp	Optical nutation
N	78.47.js	Free polarization decay
N	78.47.N-	High resolution nonlinear optical spectroscopy
N	78.47.nd	Hole burning spectroscopy
N	78.47.nj	Four-wave mixing spectroscopy
	78.55.-m	Photoluminescence, properties and materials
	78.55.Ap	Elemental semiconductors
	78.55.Bq	Liquids
	78.55.Cr	III–V semiconductors
	78.55.Et	II–VI semiconductors
	78.55.Fv	Solid alkali halides
	78.55.Hx	Other solid inorganic materials
	78.55.Kz	Solid organic materials
	78.55.Mb	Porous materials
	78.55.Qr	Amorphous materials; glasses and other disordered solids
	78.60.-b	Other luminescence and radiative recombination
	78.60.Fi	Electroluminescence
	78.60.Hk	Cathodoluminescence, ionoluminescence
	78.60.Kn	Thermoluminescence
	78.60.Mq	Sonoluminescence, triboluminescence
	78.60.Ps	Chemiluminescence (see also 42.55.Ks Chemical lasers)
	78.66.-w	Optical properties of specific thin films (for optical properties of low-dimensional, mesoscopic, and nanoscale materials, see 78.67.−n; for optical properties of surfaces, see 78.68.+m)
	78.66.Bz	Metals and metallic alloys
	78.66.Db	Elemental semiconductors and insulators
	78.66.Fd	III–V semiconductors
	78.66.Hf	II–VI semiconductors
	78.66.Jg	Amorphous semiconductors; glasses
	78.66.Li	Other semiconductors
	78.66.Nk	Insulators
	78.66.Qn	Polymers; organic compounds
	78.66.Sq	Composite materials
	78.66.Tr	Fullerenes and related materials
	78.66.Vs	Fine-particle systems
	78.67.-n	Optical properties of low-dimensional, mesoscopic, and nanoscale materials and structures
	78.67.Bf	Nanocrystals and nanoparticles
	78.67.Ch	Nanotubes
	78.67.De	Quantum wells
	78.67.Hc	Quantum dots
	78.67.Lt	Quantum wires
	78.67.Pt	Multilayers; superlattices
	78.68.+m	Optical properties of surfaces
	78.70.-g	Interactions of particles and radiation with matter
	78.70.Bj	Positron annihilation (for positron states, see 71.60.+z in electronic structure of bulk materials; for positronium chemistry, see 82.30.Gg in physical chemistry and chemical physics)
	78.70.Ck	X-ray scattering
	78.70.Dm	X-ray absorption spectra
	78.70.En	X-ray emission spectra and fluorescence
	78.70.Gq	Microwave and radio-frequency interactions
	78.70.Nx	Neutron inelastic scattering
	78.90.+t	Other topics in optical properties, condensed matter spectroscopy and other interactions of particles and radiation with condensed matter (restricted to new topics in section 78)
	79.	Electron and ion emission by liquids and solids; impact phenomena
	79.20.-m	Impact phenomena (including electron spectra and sputtering)
	79.20.Ap	Theory of impact phenomena; numerical simulation
	79.20.Ds	Laser-beam impact phenomena
	79.20.Fv	Electron impact: Auger emission
	79.20.Hx	Electron impact: secondary emission
	79.20.Kz	Other electron-impact emission phenomena
	79.20.La	Photon- and electron-stimulated desorption
	79.20.Mb	Positron emission
	79.20.Rf	Atomic, molecular, and ion beam impact and interactions with surfaces
	... ... ...	Channeling, blocking, energy loss of particles, see 61.85.+p
S	79.20.Uv	Electron energy loss spectroscopy
M	79.20.Uv	Electron energy loss spectroscopy (see also 82.80.Pv Electron spectroscopy in physical chemistry and chemical physics; 34.80.−i Electron and positron scattering in atomic and molecular physics)
	79.40.+z	Thermionic emission
	79.60.-i	Photoemission and photoelectron spectra
	79.60.Bm	Clean metal, semiconductor, and insulator surfaces
	79.60.Dp	Adsorbed layers and thin films
	79.60.Fr	Polymers; organic compounds
	79.60.Ht	Disordered structures
	79.60.Jv	Interfaces; heterostructures; nanostructures
	79.70.+q	Field emission, ionization, evaporation, and desorption
	79.75.+g	Exoelectron emission
	79.90.+b	Other topics in electron and ion emission by liquids and solids and impact phenomena (restricted to new topics in section 79)