Chip-Based Protein Studies

Schematic of a chip designed to study the flow of ions in and out of
cells through single proteins. An electrolytic solution on both sides
of the chip is electricallly contacted via electrodes. (A) The measured
current response to a voltage pulse of 10 millivolts. (B) The same voltage
pulse is applied after a cell is sealed onto the aperature by suction.
(C) Closeup shows the mechanically and electrically tight contact of
the cell membrane. (Courtesy of CeNS)