July 1999 Contents

ARTICLES

Lecture in Lyons: Science and Freedom

Andrei Sakharov (Introduction by Elena Bonner; Translated by Matvei E. Yankelevich)

Soft Matter in a Tight Spot

Lubricants are familiar and useful, yet their underlying physics is surprisingly subtle and complex — Steve Granick

The Dual-Career-Couple Problem

A type of exclusion principle sometimes operates for married physicists, allowing only one spouse to occupy a job in a given location. Couples are trying to find ways to stay in their chosen fields—and in their marriages — Laurie McNeil and Marc Sher

DEPARTMENTS

Search and Discovery

• Ultraslow light pulse propagation observed in atoms—both cold and hot

• Progress made in near-field imaging with light from a sharp tip

Washington Reports

• New book unmasks Scientist X as spy, but facts of case tell a different story

• Spallation Neutron Source restored to life in House, raising hopes for starting construction in 2000

• President's science adviser, academies and APS officials oppose restrictions on foreign scientists at weapons labs

• Washington briefings: Missile defense a hit, a palpable hit; Protecting Russia's nukes

Physics Community

• JET's continuation could be stymied by old staff dispute

• University satellite is set to probe the early universe

• Satellite's plight teaches students highs and lows of space research

• Merger of OSA and SPIE goes to the polls

• IUPAP elects new officers

• Number of physics faculty is edging up

• Web Watch

Books

Philosophical Concepts in Physics: The Historical Relation between Philosophy and Scientific Theories, J.T. Cushing (reviewed by S. Auyang)

The Feynman Processor: Quantum Entanglement and the Computing Revolution, G.J. Milburn (reviewed by A.J. Leggett)

Architectural Acoustics: Blending Sound Sources, Sound Fields, and Listeners, Y. Ando (reviewed by J. Tichy

RF Superconductivity for Accelerators, H. Padamsee, J. Knobloch, and T. Hays (reviewed by P.B. Wilson)

Fundamentals of Acoustical Oceanography, H. Medwin and C.S. Clay (reviewed by S.M. Flatt)

Femtosecond Laser Pulses: Principles and Experiments, edited by C. Rulliere (reviewed by R.R. Alfano)

Plus ...

Our regular sections: New Products, We Hear That, Obituaries, Calendar, and Information Exchange.