Femtosecond laser - A laser that uses extremely short pulses of light, measured in quadrillionths (millionths of a billionth) of a second.
Photon - A particle of light.
Reflection - The change in direction experienced by light when it hits a surface or object, such as a mirror.
Scattered light - Light that is caused to deviate from its normally straight path, due to an obstacle, for example, and move in a way that is different from a simple reflection from a surface, for example a spreading out of a light beam after it hits a wall.
Most galaxies are expected to contain at least one massive black hole, but how robust is this prediction? New research uses simulations to look at which galaxies tend to have more or fewer black holes, and with what properties.